Journals / İnfeksiyon Dergisi / 2004 / Cilt: 18 - Sayı: 1

Diagnosis and follow up of fungal infections using real-time polymerase chain reaction in immunosuppressed patients

Bağışık sistemi baskılanmış hastalarda real-time polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ile mantar infeksiyonlarının tanı ve takibi

Pages
79–84
Publication Date
2022-10-17
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

As a result, in early diagnosis of fungal infections, in addition to conventional methods, using real-time PCR may contribute to early diagnosis and follow up of treatment particularly in immunosuppressed patients.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Invasive fungal infections lead to high morbidity and mortality in patients with immunosuppression, leukemia, and bone marrow transplantation.
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Key Findings & Data:In this study; 50 immunosuppressed patients' blood samples were investigated for fungal DNA by using real-time PCR.
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Conclusion & Impact:As a result, in early diagnosis of fungal infections, in addition to conventional methods, using real-time PCR may contribute to early diagnosis and follow up of treatment particularly in immunosuppressed patients.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Invasive fungal infections lead to high morbidity and mortality in patients with immunosuppression, leukemia, and bone marrow transplantation. Methods used in the diagnosis of invasive fungal infections ranges from conventional methods like direct microscopic examination and culture of the sample to methods other than culture. Recently in rapid diagnosis of invasive fungal infections, there are new choices in early effective antifungal treatment and follow up of treatment protocols with molecular biological methods besides direct microscopy and culture. For this reason, diagnosis and follow up of fungal infections were planned in immunosuppressed patients by conventional diagnostic methods and real-time PCR. In this study; 50 immunosuppressed patients' blood samples were investigated for fungal DNA by using real-time PCR. All positive patients whose fungal DNA was positive and treated with antifungals were screened until fungal DNA was became negative. The patients were cases with previous fungal infection history or with negative results in culture or with fever of unknown origin or with neutropenia or elevated C-reactive protein. Fungal DNA positivity was detected in 13 (26%) of 50 patients. Five samples were found to be positive by culture from 13 patients with fungal DNA positive. Positive patients were between 3-16 years of age and five of them had acute lymphoblastic leukemia, two Fanconi aplastic anemia, five acute myeloblastic leukemia, and one myelodysplastic sendrome. Four of them were febrile neutropenic patients whose fungal DNA amounts were found to be very high (>106 cfu/ml) by real-time PCR. They died in a short period with typical septicemia findings. Other patients were successfully treated. As a result, in early diagnosis of fungal infections, in addition to conventional methods, using real-time PCR may contribute to early diagnosis and follow up of treatment particularly in immunosuppressed patients.

Özet

İnvazif mantar infeksiyonları; bağışık sistemi baskılanmış, lösemili ve kemik iliği transplantasyon (KİT)'lu olgularda yüksek oranda morbidite ve mortaliteye yol açmaktadır. İnvazif mantar infeksiyonlarının tanısında kullanılan yöntemler, alınan örneğin direkt mikroskobik incelemesi ve kültürü gibi klasik yaklaşımlardan kültür dışı yöntemlere kadar uzanır. Son yıllarda, derin İnvazif mantar ipfeksiyonlarının hızlı tanısı konusunda, direkt mikroskobik inceleme ve kültürle birlikte moleküler biyoloji yöntemlerinin de kullanıma girmesi ile, etkili antifungal tedaviye erken dönemde başlanmasında ve tedavi protokollerinin izlenmesinde yeni ufuklar açılmıştır. Bu nedenle; bu çalışmada bağışık sistemi baskılanmış olgularda, klasik tanı yöntemleri ve real-time polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) ile mantar infeksiyonlarının tanı ve takibinin karşılaştırmalı incelemesinin yapılması planlanmıştır. Real-time PCR ile; mantar infeksiyonu kuşkulu ve immun yetmezliği olan 50 olgunun kan örneğinde mantar DNA'sı araştırılmıştır. Antifungal tedavi almakta olan mantar DNA'sı pozitif bulunan bu hastalar mantar DNA'ları negatif olana kadar izlenmişlerdir. Hastalar; kuşkulu odağı olup etken üretilmeyen, bazılarında geçirilmiş mantar infeksiyonu öyküsü olan, nedeni bilinmeyen ateşi olan, çoğu nötropenik ve açıklanmayan C-reaktif protein (CRP) yükseklikleri nedeniyle araştırılması istenen olgulardı. Deney sonuçlarında 50 olgunun 13 (%26)'ünde real-time PCR ile mantar DNA pozitifliği saptanmıştır. Bu 13 hastanın yalnızca beşinin kültüründe etken üretilmiştir. Pozitif olgular yaşları 3-16 arasında değişen, beşi akut lenfoblastik lösemi, beşi akut myeloit lösemi, iki Fanconi aplastik anemisi ve bir myelodisplastik sendrom idi. incelenen örneklerde real-time PCR sonucunda mantar DNA miktarları çok yüksek (>106 cfu/ml) bulunan febril nötropenik dört olgu kısa süre sonra tipik sepsis bulgularıyla kaybedilmiştir. Diğer hastalar antifungal tedavi ile iyileşmişlerdir. Mantar infeksiyonlarının erken tanısında, klasik yöntemlerle birlikte, moleküler biyoloji yöntemlerinden real-time PCR'ın kullanılmasının, özellikle bağışık sistemi baskılanmış hastalarda hem erken tanı hem de tedavinin izlenmesinde katkısı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

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Cite This Article

BADUR, S., ANAK, S., UZUN, M., YEĞENOĞLU, Y., IŞIK, N., IŞIK, D. M., BOZKAYA, E., AĞIRBAŞLI, H., ERTURAN, Z., AĞAÇFİDAN, A. (2022). Diagnosis and follow up of fungal infections using real-time polymerase chain reaction in immunosuppressed patients. İnfeksiyon Dergisi, Cilt: 18 - Sayı: 1, 79–84. https://ajindex.com/articles/546538

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