Journals / Flora İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi / 2020 / Cilt: 25 - Sayı: 2

Phenotypic and Molecular Detection of Macrolide Lincosamide Streptogramin B Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococci

Klinik Örneklerden İzole Edilen Stafilokoklarda Makrolid Linkozamid Streptogramin B Direncinin Fenotipik ve Genotipik Olarak Araştırılması

Pages
190–196
Publication Date
2022-10-17
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Double-disc diffusion test is useful to guide interpretation of the susceptibility test.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Introduction: Macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B (MLSB) antibiotics are commonly used in the treatment of staphylococcalinfections.
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Key Findings & Data:Resistance rates have been reported at varying rates from various countries.
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Conclusion & Impact:Double-disc diffusion test is useful to guide interpretation of the susceptibility test.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Introduction: Macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B (MLSB) antibiotics are commonly used in the treatment of staphylococcalinfections. Some genes like erm, msr, and lnu confer resistance to these group antibiotics. Resistance phenotype can be one of the constitutive,inducible or efflux phenotypes. Resistance rates have been reported at varying rates from various countries. This study aimedto detect MLSB resistance rates, phenotypes, and genotypes in clinical isolates of both Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negativestaphylococci (CNS).Materials and Methods: A total of 82 staphylococci strains comprising 65.8% (n= 54) S. aureus and 34.2% (n= 28) CNS wereidentified by conventional methods and 16S rRNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antibiotic susceptibility testing for erythromycin,lincomycin, gentamicin, fusidic acid, levofloxacin, vancomycin, and linezolid was performed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)agar dilution method. Double-disc diffusion test (D-test) was applied to investigate MLSB resistance phenotypes. In erythromycin-resistantisolates, PCR was used to detect the presence of ermA, ermB, ermC, and msrA genes.Results: Among 54 S. aureus strains, 51% (n= 28) were methicillin-resistant and 49% (n= 26) were methicillin-susceptible. Among 28CNS, 50% (n= 14) were methicillin-resistant. Erythromycin, lincomycin, gentamicin, and levofloxacin resistance rates were higher inthe methicillin-resistant group (p< 0.05). Erythromycin resistance rate was 54.9%. Rates of constitutive and inducible MLSB and MSBphenotypes were 30.5%, 18.3%, and 6.1%, respectively. The most prevalent resistance determinants were ermA (32.9%) and ermC(7.3%). In addition, gene combinations were detected.Conclusion: Due to the wide geographic distribution of resistance phenotypes and genotypes, local statistics are of critical value forempiric therapy. Double-disc diffusion test is useful to guide interpretation of the susceptibility test.

Özet

Giriş: Makrolid, linkozamid ve streptogramin B (MLSB) grubu antibiyotikler stafilokokal infeksiyonların tedavisinde sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. erm, msr, lnu gibi bazı genler bu grup antibiyotik direncinden sorumlu genlerdir. Direnç yapısal, indüklenebilir ya da efluks fenotipinde olabilir. Direnç oranları farklı ülkelerden farklı oranlarda bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, klinik örneklerden izole edilen Staphylococcus aureus ve koagülaz-negatif stafilokok (KNS) suşlarında MLSB direnç oranlarını, direncin fenotipik ve genotipik özelliklerini saptamayı amaçladık. Materyal ve Metod: Toplam 82 stafilokok suşunun konvansiyonel yöntemler ve 16S rRNA polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) yöntemi kullanılarak %65.8 (n= 54)’i S. aureus, %34.2 (n= 28)’si KNS olarak tanımlandı. Eritromisin, linkomisin, gentamisin, fusidik asit, levofloksasin, vankomisin ve linezolid için antibiyotik duyarlılıkları minimum inhibitör konsantrasyonu (MİK) agar dilüsyon yöntemi ile belirlendi. MLSB direnç fenotiplerini belirlemek için çift disk testi (D-test) uygulandı. Eritromisine dirençli suşlarda ermA, ermB, ermC ve msrA genlerini saptamak için PCR kullanıldı. Bulgular: Elli dört S. aureus suşunun %51 (n= 28)’i metisiline dirençli, %49 (n= 26)’u metisiline duyarlı idi. Yirmi sekiz KNS suşunun %50 (n= 14)’si de metisiline dirençli bulunmuştur. Eritromisin, linkomisin, gentamisin ve levofloksasin direnç oranları metisiline dirençli grupta daha yüksek tespit edilmiştir (p< 0.05). Eritromisin direnç oranı %54.9 olarak saptanmıştır. Yapısal, indüklenebilir ve efluks fenotip oranları %30.5, %18.3 ve %6.1 olarak bulunmuştur. En sık saptanan direnç genleri ermA (%32.9) ve ermC (%7.3) olmuştur. Ayrıca gen kombinasyonları da saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Direnç fenotip ve genotipindeki geniş coğrafik dağılımdan dolayı ampirik tedavi seçimlerinde yerel istatistiklerin bilinmesi kritik değerdedir. Duyarlılık testinin yorumlanmasında çift disk difüzyon testi yol göstericidir.

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Cite This Article

ERTUĞRUL, B., SAKARYA, S., GÜLEÇ, G. U., ÖNCÜ, S., BOZDOĞAN, B., ÖZTÜRK, B. (2022). Phenotypic and Molecular Detection of Macrolide Lincosamide Streptogramin B Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococci. Flora İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, Cilt: 25 - Sayı: 2, 190–196. https://ajindex.com/articles/517109

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