Journals / Endokrinolojide Diyalog Dergisi / 2009 / Cilt: 6 - Sayı: 4

The management and treatment of thyroid lesion classified in gray zone with fine needle aspiration cytology

İnce iğne aspirasyon sitolojisi ile gri zonda bulunan tiroid lezyonlarında tanı ve tedavi

Pages
215–219
Publication Date
2022-10-11
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

With the use of new molecular indicators in differentiation of thyroidal nodules, thyroidectomy seems to be the only diagnostic and treatment choice of indeterminate thyroidal nodules.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:The incidence of palpable nodules in thyroidal gland ranges in 4% to 7%.
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Key Findings & Data:However with the use of ultra-sonography and also in the autopsy series, its incidence increases up to 65%.
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Conclusion & Impact:With the use of new molecular indicators in differentiation of thyroidal nodules, thyroidectomy seems to be the only diagnostic and treatment choice of indeterminate thyroidal nodules.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2007 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

The incidence of palpable nodules in thyroidal gland ranges in 4% to 7%. However with the use of ultra-sonography and also in the autopsy series, its incidence increases up to 65%. Fine needle aspiration biopsy is very sensitive and also very accurate modality in differential diagnosis of thyroidal nodules in preoperative period. However it has some limitations in 5% to 29% of nodules to differentiate benign and malignant ones. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of indeterminate ones has many similar properties with follicular lesions. In this study, we tried to compare lesions with its preoperative cytological smears and post operative histopathological properties of the indeterminate thyroidal nodules. We collected the results cytological and histopathologic results of the thyroidal nodules between 1999- 2007 retrospectively. In this period, we collected fine needle aspiration and also histopathologic results of the 6730 thyroidal nodules, but only 123 of the smears reported as indeterminate thyroid nodules. Histopathologic examination of the resected nodules concluded 35 (28%) of them as malignant and remaining 88 (72%) as benign lesions. Malign ones are 25 (%20.3) papillary carcinoma, 7 (5.7%) of them follicular carcinoma, and 3 (2.4%) of them is medullary carcinoma. In cytological examination, thyroid cells had hypochromasia, nuclear overlapping, irregularity of nuclear membrane and also nuclear groove in indeterminant group. Although, molecular techniques are important in the diagnosis of indeterminate thyroidal nodules, when we use clinical, radiological and cytological properties all together, indeterminate nodules will be evaluated much better. With the use of new molecular indicators in differentiation of thyroidal nodules, thyroidectomy seems to be the only diagnostic and treatment choice of indeterminate thyroidal nodules.

Özet

Palpabl tiroid nodül insidansı %4-7 iken, USG ile değerlendirilen ve otopsi sırasında saptanan nodül insidansı %65'lere ulaşmaktadır. Ince iğne aspirasyon sitolojisi (IIAS), tiroid nodüllerinin tanısında duyarlı ve preoperatif doğru tanı için güvenilir bir yöntemdir. Yaklaşık %5-29 olguda bu yöntem benign, malign ayrımında yetersiz kalmaktadır. Indetermine lezyonlarda folliküler lezyonlarda bulunan birçok özellik birlikte bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada IIAS ile "indetermine" folliküler tiroid lezyonu tanısı konulmuş olgularda cerrahi işlem sonrası yapılan histopatolojik değerlendirme sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. 1999- 2007 yılları arasında Haydarpaşa Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi patoloji laboratuarında tiroid nodüllerinden yapılan IIAS ne ait yayma ve hücre bloğu materyali ile cerrahi kliniklerinde yapılan parsiyel/total tiroidektomi materyalllerine ait lam, blok arşivi ve bilgisayar kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Toplam 6730 adet tiroid IIAS ve tiroidektomi materyali içinden histopatolojik verifikasyonu olan, sitolojik olarak indetermine tiroid lezyonu kategorisinde bulunan 123 adet olgu saptandı. Sitolojik olarak indetermine tiroid lezyonu tanısı alan olguların histopatolojık tanısı 35 (%28) olguda malign, 88 (%72) olguda benign idi. Malign tanısı alan 7 (%5.7) olguda foliküler karsinom, 25 (%20.3) olguda papiller karsinom, ve 3 (%2.4) olguda medüller karsinom saptandı. Indetermine grupta tirositlerde hipokromazi, nükleer yığılma, nükleer membran düzensizliği ve nükleer çentiklenme varlığı sıklıkla maligniteye eşlik eden sitolojik bulgulardandı. Sonuç olarak moleküler teknikler tanıda değerli olsa da, sitolojik özellikler , klinik ve radyolojik bulgular bir arada kullanıldığında indeterminat nodüller daha iyi değerlendirilmiş olacaktır. Yeni moleküler belirteçler geliştirilerek, rutin pratikte kullanılmasına kadar geçecek olan sürede tiroidektomi ameliyatı tanı ve tedavi seçeneği olarak yerini korumaktadır.

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Cite This Article

AKKAYNAK, Ş., AKTEKİN, A., GÜNEŞ, P., AKER, V. F., DEMİRTÜRK, P., ERKAN, M., GÖNÜLTAŞ, A., GÜRLEYİK, G. (2022). The management and treatment of thyroid lesion classified in gray zone with fine needle aspiration cytology. Endokrinolojide Diyalog Dergisi, Cilt: 6 - Sayı: 4, 215–219. https://ajindex.com/articles/500799

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