Journals / Akademik Gıda / 2012 / Cilt: 10 - Sayı: 4

Lactose Conversion Technology in Dairy Products and Lactose Intolerance

Teknolojik Açıdan Süt Ürünlerinde Laktoz Dönüşümleri ve İntoleransı

Pages
77–84
Publication Date
2022-10-11
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Therefore, new technologies to produce lactase in the form of liquids, tablets or powder, lactose hydrolyzed milk, reduced lactose milk and dairy products have been developed to satisfy the needs of the people suffering from lactose intolerance.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Lactose is the principal carbohydrate in the milks of all mammals, and non-mammalian sources are very rare.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Human milk contains an average of 7% lactose (70 g/L), while whole bovine milk contains about 4.8% lactose, which accounts for approximately 30% of the caloric content of bovine milk.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Therefore, new technologies to produce lactase in the form of liquids, tablets or powder, lactose hydrolyzed milk, reduced lactose milk and dairy products have been developed to satisfy the needs of the people suffering from lactose intolerance.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Lactose is the principal carbohydrate in the milks of all mammals, and non-mammalian sources are very rare. Human milk contains an average of 7% lactose (70 g/L), while whole bovine milk contains about 4.8% lactose, which accounts for approximately 30% of the caloric content of bovine milk. Lactose provides almost half of the total energy requirement of infants. Lactose is hydrolyzed to its components (glucose and galactose) by an enzyme so-called lactase when lactose is in digestive system. These components provide energy requirement of human, thereby they are then absorbed into the bloodstream. All mammals lose most of their lactase intestinal activity post-weaning. Low lactase activity is the norm for approximately 75% of adult humans. This low activity can result in lactose maldigestion and symptoms of gastrointestinal distress.Milk intolerance is more common among Asian-European races. It is estimated that one of every 10 people living on Earth cannot digest milk. Therefore, new technologies to produce lactase in the form of liquids, tablets or powder, lactose hydrolyzed milk, reduced lactose milk and dairy products have been developed to satisfy the needs of the people suffering from lactose intolerance.

Özet

Laktoz, tüm memeli sütlerinde bulunan temel karbonhidrattır. Memeliler dışındaki kaynaklarına oldukça az rastlanır. Tam inek sütü yaklaşık %4.8 oranında laktoz içerir ve sütünün kalori içeriğinin yaklaşık %30'unu karşıladığı hesaplanırken, anne sütü %7 oranında (70 g/L ) laktoz içermektedir. Küçük bebeklerin toplam enerji gereksiniminin neredeyse yarısını karşılamaktadır. Laktoz, sindirim sistemine girdiğinde laktaz adı verilen bir enzim yardımı ile hidrolize olarak bileşenlerine parçalanır (glikoz ve galaktoz). Ardından bu bileşenler kana geçerek insanlarda enerji gereksinimini karşılar. Tüm memeliler sütten kesilmenin ardından bağırsaktaki laktaz aktivitesinin çoğunu kaybeder. Düşük laktaz aktivitesi yetişkin insanların yaklaşık %75'inde görülmektedir. Bu düşük aktivite laktozun sindirilememesine sebep olmakta ve gastrointestinal rahatsızlıklara yol açmaktadır. Süt intoleransı özellikle AsyaAvrupa ırklarında daha fazla görülür. Dünya üzerinde yaşayan her 10 insandan birinin sütü sindiremediği tahmin edilmektedir. Bu sebeple, laktoz intoleransından şikâyetçi insanların ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için sıvı, tablet, toz formda laktaz, laktozu hidrolize süt, laktoz içeriği azaltılmış süt ve ürünleri üretiminde yeni teknolojiler geliştirilmektedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

KONAK, Ç., GÜNDÜZ, A., AKIN, N. (2022). Lactose Conversion Technology in Dairy Products and Lactose Intolerance. Akademik Gıda, Cilt: 10 - Sayı: 4, 77–84. https://ajindex.com/articles/432890

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (17)

  1. Richmond, M.L., Gray, J.I., Stine, C.M., 1981. Betagalactosidase: review of recent research related to technological application, nutritional concerns, and immobilization. Journal of Dairy Science 64: 1759- 1771
  2. Van Dam, B., Revallier-Warffemius, J.G., Van DamSchermerhorn, L.C., 1950. Preparation of lactase from Saccharomyces fragilis. Netherlands Milk and Dairy Journal 4: 96-114
  3. Panesar, P.S., Panesar, R., Singh, R.S., Kennedy, J.F., ve Kumar, H., 2006. Microbial production, immobilization and applications of ?-Dgalactosidase. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology 81: 530-543
  4. Zadow, J.G., 1986. Lactose hydrolysed dairy products. Food Technology in Australia 38: 460- 462, 471
  5. Greenberg, N.A., ve Mahoney, R.R., 1981. Immobilisation of lactase (beta-galactosidase) for use in dairy processing: a review. Process Biochemistry 16: 2-8
  6. Mahoney, R.R., 1997. Lactose: enzymatic modification. In P. F. Fox (Ed.), Advanced Dairy Chemistry (2nd ed.). Lactose, water, salts and vitamins, Vol. 3 (pp. 77-125) London, UK: Chapman ve Hall
  7. Dahlqvist, A., Asp, N.-G., Burvall, A., Rausing, H., 1977. Hydrolysis of lactose in milk and whey with minute amounts of lactase. Journal of Dairy Research 44: 541-548
  8. Mendoza, M.R., Olano, A., Villamiel, M., 2005. Chemical indicators of heat treatment in fortified and special milks. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 53: 2995-2999
  9. Vasala, A., Huumonen, J., Alatossava, T., 1996. Menetelmä maitotuotteen makeuden. FI100375B, Finland
  10. Flynn, R.G., Bakal, A.I., Snyder, M.A., 1994. Method of preparing lactosehydrolysed milk with suppressed sweetness. US Patent 5334399
  11. Miller, J.J., ve Brand, J.C., 1980. Enzymic lactose hydrolysis. Food Technology in Australia 32: 144- 147
  12. Harju, M., 1987. Lactose hydrolysis. IDF Bulletin, 212, 50-55, IDF, Brussels, Belgium
  13. Zadow, J.G., 1984. Lactose: properties and uses. Journal of Dairy Science 67: 2654-2679
  14. Harju, M., 1977. Microbiological control of an immobilized enzyme reactor. Nordeuropæisk Mejeri-tidsskrift 43: 155-159
  15. Dinelli, D., Marconi, W., Morisi, F., 1976. Fibreentrapped enzymes. Methods in Enzymology 44: 227-243
  16. Pastore, M., Morisi, F., Zaccardelli, D., 1974. Reduction of lactose content of milk using entrapped ?-galactosidase III. Pilot-plant experiments. In M. Salmona, C. Saronio, ve S. Garattini (Eds.), Insolubilized enzymes (pp. 211- 216). New York, NY, USA: Raven Press
  17. Vasiljevic, T., J