Journals / Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi / 2020 / Cilt: 20 - Sayı: 6

Relation Between Earthquake and the Troposphere: Chile Example

Deprem ve Troposfer İlişkisi: Şili Örneği

Pages
1014–1023
Publication Date
2022-10-12
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The results showed that the GNSS stations closest to the epicenter of the earthquakes experienced severe tropospheric anomalies during and after the mainshock.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:In studies related to earthquakes, many ground and satellite-based techniques are used and subjects such as surface displacements, fault characteristics, stress transfers are investigated.
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Key Findings & Data:In this study, the changes in the troposphere following the 2010 Maule and 2015 Illapel earthquakes, using zenith tropospheric delays (ZTD) calculated from GNSS observations, were investigated.
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Conclusion & Impact:The results showed that the GNSS stations closest to the epicenter of the earthquakes experienced severe tropospheric anomalies during and after the mainshock.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2010 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

In studies related to earthquakes, many ground and satellite-based techniques are used and subjects such as surface displacements, fault characteristics, stress transfers are investigated. In addition, earthquake warning systems are established and steps are taken all over the world about earthquake prediction. As an example, changes in the upper layer of the atmosphere (ionosphere), which is one of the important error sources for GNSS studies, are continuously examined before, during, and after the earthquakes. In this regard, the changes in the ionosphere before the earthquake have been frequently examined and anomalies have been found before some of the earthquakes. However, there is a limited number of studies on the changes in the lower layer of the atmosphere (troposphere), which causes less amount of error in GNSS measurements than the ionosphere. In this study, the changes in the troposphere following the 2010 Maule and 2015 Illapel earthquakes, using zenith tropospheric delays (ZTD) calculated from GNSS observations, were investigated. The results showed that the GNSS stations closest to the epicenter of the earthquakes experienced severe tropospheric anomalies during and after the mainshock. Further investigations carried out using atmospheric parameters before and after the earthquake, it was found that these changes in ZTD values were directly related to changes in atmospheric pressure. Finding similar results in two different earthquakes in Chile has revealed the importance of tropospheric parameters in studies related to earthquakes that affect the study area vertically as a result of fault rupture.

Özet

Depremler ile ilgili yapılan çalışmalarda yer ve uydu tabanlı birçok teknik kullanılmakta ve deplasmanmiktarları, fay karakteristikleri, gerilim aktarımları gibi konular araştırılmaktadır. Ayrıca, deprem uyarısistemleri kurulmakta ve deprem tahmini konusunda tüm Dünya’da adımlar atılmaktadır. Örnek olarak;GNSS çalışmaları için önemli hata kaynaklarından biri olan atmosferin üst katmanındaki (iyonosfer)değişimler, deprem öncesi, deprem sırası ve deprem sonrası sürekli incelenmektedir. Ancak, GNSSölçümlerinde oluşturduğu hata miktarı iyonosfere göre daha az olan atmosferin alt katmanındaki(troposfer) değişimler ile ilgili sınırlı sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, 2010 Maule ve 2015Illapel depremlerinin ardından troposferdeki değişimler, GNSS gözlemlerinden hesaplanan troposferikzenit gecikmeleri (Zenith Total Delay - ZTD) kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, depremlerin merkezüssüne en yakın GNSS istasyonlarında, ana şok sırasında ve sonrasında ciddi troposferik anomalilerolduğunu göstermektedir. Deprem öncesi ve deprem sonrasındaki günlerde atmosferik parametrelerincelendiğinde, ZTD değerlerindeki bu değişimlerin atmosferik basınçtaki değişimlerle doğrudan ilişkiliolduğu tespit edilmiştir. Nazca tektonik plakasının Güney Amerika plakasının altına doğru hareketisonucu oluşan fay kırılması, atmosferde ölçülen basınç değerlerinde değişime sebep olmuş ve dolayısıile ZTD değişimlerini tetiklemiştir. Şili’de gerçekleşen iki farklı depremde de benzer sonuçlararastlanması, fay kırılması sonucu çalışma bölgesini düşeyde etkileyen depremler ile ilgili yapılançalışmalarda, troposferik parametrelerin incelenmesinin önemini ortaya çıkarmıştır.

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Cite This Article

GÜRBÜZ, G., KOÇYİĞİT, K. (2022). Relation Between Earthquake and the Troposphere: Chile Example. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 20 - Sayı: 6, 1014–1023. https://ajindex.com/articles/429748

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