Journals / Journal of Academic Research in Nursing / 2021 / Cilt: 7 - Sayı: 3

Diabetic Ketoasidosis Therapy and Nursing Approaches in Adults Patients

Erişkin Hastalarda Diyabetik Ketoasidoz Tedavisi ve Hemşirelik Yaklaşımları

Pages
151–156
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

For this reason, it is very important that the health care team and the nurse in this team follow the diabetic ketoacidosis in the early period, to start the treatment on time and to plan the nursing care and to educate the patient and his / her family.In this review, the definition, epidemiology, risk factors, symptom-finding, current therapy and nursing approaches of diabetic ketoacidosis are discussed.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease whose prevalence is rapidly increasing in the world and in our country.
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Key Findings & Data:Although it is common in patients with type 1 diabetes, it can also be seen in cases of acute disease causing catabolic stress in patients with Type 2 diabetes.
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Conclusion & Impact:For this reason, it is very important that the health care team and the nurse in this team follow the diabetic ketoacidosis in the early period, to start the treatment on time and to plan the nursing care and to educate the patient and his / her family.In this review, the definition, epidemiology, risk factors, symptom-finding, current therapy and nursing approaches of diabetic ketoacidosis are discussed.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease whose prevalence is rapidly increasing in the world and in our country. The aim of the treatment of diabetes is to keep the blood glucose level under control. Uncontrolled blood glucose levels lead to acute complications and even if it does not take immediate action when it occurs, it can be a cause of mortality and morbidity despite all the developments in follow-up and treatment. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a metabolic condition characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency. Although it is common in patients with type 1 diabetes, it can also be seen in cases of acute disease causing catabolic stress in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Diabetic ketacidosis with insulin deficiency in the body together with the increased glucagon, cortisol, catecholamines, growth hormone contregulator hormones, which result of hyperglycemia, hypercetonemia and acidosis occurs. The aim of the treatment is to provide maintenance of diabetes after the provision of liquid electrolyte balance, insulin therapy, potassium replacement, bicarbonate treatment and correction of diabetic ketoacidosis. The prevention of diabetic ketoacidosis in diabetic patients and the follow-up of an experienced, trained health care team are important in the treatment and care of patients. For this reason, it is very important that the health care team and the nurse in this team follow the diabetic ketoacidosis in the early period, to start the treatment on time and to plan the nursing care and to educate the patient and his / her family.In this review, the definition, epidemiology, risk factors, symptom-finding, current therapy and nursing approaches of diabetic ketoacidosis are discussed.

Özet

Diabetes Mellitus dünyada ve ülkemizde prevalansı hızla artan kronik bir metabolizma hastalığıdır. Diyabet tedavisindeki amaç kan glukoz seviyesini kontrol altında tutmaktır. Kontrol altına alınamayan kan glukoz düzeyleri akut komplikasyonlara yol açmakta, hatta oluştuğunda acil önlem alınmaz ise takip ve tedavideki tüm gelişmelere rağmen mortalite ve morbilite nedeni olabilmektedir. Hiperglisemik akut komplikasyonlar içerisinde yer alan diyabetik ketoasidoz insülin eksikliğine bağlı olarak gelişen hiperglisemi ile karakterize metabolik bir durumdur. Tip 1 diyabetlilerde sıklıkla görülmekle birlikte, Tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda katabolik stres yaratan akut hastalık durumlarında da görülebilmektedir. Diyabetik ketasidozda vücuttaki insülin eksikliğiyle birlikte glukagon, kortizol, katekolaminler, büyüme hormonu olan kontregülatör hormonlarda artış sonucu hiperglisemi, hiperketonemi ve asidoz meydana gelir. Tedavideki amaç, sıvı elektrolit dengesinin sağlanması, insülin tedavisi, potasyum replasmanı, bikarbonat tedavisi ve diyabetik ketoasidozun düzeltilmesi sonrası diyabetin idame tedavisinin sağlanmasını içerir. Diyabetli bireylerde diyabetik ketoasidozun önlenmesi ve oluştuğunda hastaların tedavisi ve bakımında, tecrübeli ve eğitimli sağlık ekibinin takibi önemli bir yer tutar. Bu nedenle diyabetlinin takibini yapan sağlık ekibinin ve bu ekip içerisindeki hemşirenin diyabetik ketoasidozun erken dönemde tanılanması, tedaviye zamanında başlanması ve hemşirelik bakımının planlanması, hasta ve ailesinin eğitimini yapması son derece önemlidir. Bu derlemede, diyabetik ketoasidozun tanımı, epidemiyolojisi, risk faktörleri, belirti-bulgu, güncel tedavisi ve hemşirelik yaklaşımları ele alınmıştır.

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Cite This Article

ANATACA, G., ÇELİK, S. (2021). Diabetic Ketoasidosis Therapy and Nursing Approaches in Adults Patients. Journal of Academic Research in Nursing, Cilt: 7 - Sayı: 3, 151–156. https://ajindex.com/articles/418576

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