AI Summary & Key Takeaways
AI InsightIn addition to hypothalamus, NPSR was detected in the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus, which suggest a direct stimulatory action of exogenous NPS on gastricmotility.Conclusion: NPS may be a novel candidate for the treatment of stress-related gastric disorders
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Özet
Background/Aims: The novel brain peptide neuropeptide-S (NPS) is produced exclusively by a small group of cells adjacent to the noradrenergic locus coeruleus. The NPSR mRNA has been detected in several brain areas involved in stress response and autonomic outflow,such as amygdala and hypothalamus, suggesting that central NPS may play a regulatory role in stress-induced changes in gastrointestinal (GI) motor functions. In rodents, exogenous central NPS was shown to inhibit stress-stimulated fecal output. Moreover, exogenousNPS was demonstrated to activate hypothalamic neurons that produce orexin-A (OXA), which has been shown to stimulate postprandialgastric motor functions via central vagal pathways. Therefore, we tested whether OXA mediates the NPS-induced alterations in gastricmotor functions under stressed conditions.Materials and Methods: We investigated the effect of central exogenous NPS on solid gastric emptying (GE) and gastric postprandialmotility in acute restraint stress (ARS)-loaded conscious rats. The OXA receptor antagonist SB-334867 was administered centrally priorto the central NPS injection. The expression of NPSR in the hypothalamus and dorsal vagal complex was analyzed by immunofluorescence.Results: Central administration of NPS restored the ARS-induced delayed GE and uncoordinated postprandial antro-pyloric contractions. The alleviative effect of NPS on GE was abolished by pretreatment of the OX1R antagonist SB-334867. In addition to hypothalamus, NPSR was detected in the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus, which suggest a direct stimulatory action of exogenous NPS on gastricmotility.Conclusion: NPS may be a novel candidate for the treatment of stress-related gastric disorders