Journals / Türkiye'de Lösemi Lenfoma Miyelom Araştırmaları / 2020 / Cilt: 4 - Sayı: 4

COVID-19 Associated Coagulopathy and Management

COVID-19 İlişkili Koagülopati ve Yönetimi

Pages
55–60
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

If there isn’t any contraindication, prophylaxys with Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is recommended in all hospitalized COVID-19 patients including non-critical patients.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:COVID-19 was first reported in China, in the city of Wuhan as a viral disease that can cause pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or even death in a certain percentage of the affected indivudials.
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Key Findings & Data:In addition to the tropism of the virus to the lung tissue, hypercoagulability is often present in COVID-19 patients.
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Conclusion & Impact:If there isn’t any contraindication, prophylaxys with Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is recommended in all hospitalized COVID-19 patients including non-critical patients.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

COVID-19 was first reported in China, in the city of Wuhan as a viral disease that can cause pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or even death in a certain percentage of the affected indivudials. In addition to the tropism of the virus to the lung tissue, hypercoagulability is often present in COVID-19 patients. Thromboembolism in the arterial or the venous systems is related to increased incidance of death in these patients. All three components of Wirchow Triad which includes damage to the endothel cells, stasis and hypercoagulability were held responsible of coagulopathy related to COVID-19. Direct invasion of endothelial cells by SARS-COV-2 thus endothelial damage was held responsible for ARDS and organ failures. In COVID-19 patients the levels of d-dimer, protrombin time (PT) platelet count and fibrinogen levels are important in aspects of assessing the severety of the disease and making the decision of hospitalizing the patients. The pattern of coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients is different from sepsis in which the platelet counts usually decreases or from DIC in which the PT and aPTT prolonges due to depletion of coagulation factors. The hyper-activation of immune system causes a procagulant environment. Excess immune activation can cause thrombosis in multiple organ systems leading to multi-organ failure and can cause ARDS especially if the thrombus are occured in small pulmonary vessels. If there isn’t any contraindication, prophylaxys with Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is recommended in all hospitalized COVID-19 patients including non-critical patients. All patients should be assessed for early anticoagulation and in the presence of high fibrinogen levels, for doses of LMWH or un-fractioned heparin higher than that required for prophylaxy unless there is no contrindication.

Özet

COVID-19, ilk olarak Aralık 2019’da, Çin’in Wuhan kentinde meydana gelen belli oranda pnömoni,akut solunum sıkıntısı sendromu (ARDS: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome), hatta ölümlesonuçlanabilen viral bir hastalık olarak bildirilmiştir. Akciğerlere olan tropizmine ilaveten COVID19 hastalarında hiperkoagülabilite sıklıkla mevcuttur, venöz veya arteriyel tromboembolizm gibitrombotik komplikasyonlar, bu hastalarda artmış ölüm insidansı ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. COVID-19ilişkili koagülopatiden endotel hasarı, staz ve hiperkoagülabiliteden oluşan Wirchow triadının üçkomponenti de sorumlu tutulmuştur. SARS-CoV-2’nin direkt endotel hücrelerini enfekte ederekendotel hasarına sebep olduğu ARDS ve organ yetersizliği tablolarından sorumlu tutulmuştur.COVID-19’lu hastada hastalığın ağırlığını izlemede ve hangi hastanın yatırılarak izleneceğinekarar verilmesinde D-dimer, PZ, trombosit sayımı ve fibrinojenin düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesiönemlidir. COVID-19’daki koagülopati paterni, trombosit sayısının genellikle azaldığı sepsistenve pıhtılaşma faktörlerinin tüketimi sebebi ile PZ ve aPTZ’de uzama ve kanamaya eğilimin görüldüğü YDİP’dan farklıdır. İmmün sistemin aşırı aktivasyonu sonucu prokoagülan bir ortam oluşur.Aşırı immün aktivasyon sonucu birçok organ sisteminde tromboz gelişmesi durumunda multiorgan yetmezliği tablosu gelişebilir ve özellikle pulmoner küçük damarlarda tromboz gelişimi hastada ARDS gelişmesine neden olup ölüm ile sonuçlanabilir. Herhangi bir kontrendikasyon yoksa,COVID-19 enfeksiyonu nedeniyle hastaneye yatırılması gereken tüm hastalarda (kritik olmayanhastalar dahil) profilaktik doz DMAH önerilmektedir. Bütün hastalar erken antikoagülasyon açısından değerlendirilmelidir. Özellikle yüksek fibrinojen düzeyleri varlığında kontraendikasyonyoksa, hasta profiklaksi için gerekenden daha yüksek dozlarda AFH veya DMAH ile antikoagülasyon açısından değerlendirilmelidir.

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Cite This Article

YILMAZ, H., TOPÇUOĞLU, P. (2020). COVID-19 Associated Coagulopathy and Management. Türkiye'de Lösemi Lenfoma Miyelom Araştırmaları, Cilt: 4 - Sayı: 4, 55–60. https://ajindex.com/articles/394623

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