Journals / Toraks Dergisi / 2002 / Cilt: 3 - Sayı: 2

Pneumonia in patients with hematological malignancies (26 cases)

Hematolojik malignitesi olan hastalarda pnömoni (26 olgu)

Pages
168–172
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

We think that a broad spectrum ampirical treatment should be started early.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Pneumonia is frequently encountered in immunosuppressed patients and its mortality is very high.
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Key Findings & Data:The charts of the 342 patients (83 NHL, 66 HL, 54 AML, 23 CML, 23 ALL, 51 CLL, 42 MM) who were on follow-up in the hematology clinic between 1997 and 2000 were reviewed retrospectively. 26 (7.6%) of these patients who also had pneumonia were included in the study.
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Conclusion & Impact:We think that a broad spectrum ampirical treatment should be started early.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:2000 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Pnömoni · İlaç tedavisi · kombinasyon

Abstract

Pneumonia is frequently encountered in immunosuppressed patients and its mortality is very high. This study was planned to evaluate the incidence, the diagnosis and the outcomes of empirical antimicrobial therapy for pneumonia developing in patients with hematological malignancies (HM). The charts of the 342 patients (83 NHL, 66 HL, 54 AML, 23 CML, 23 ALL, 51 CLL, 42 MM) who were on follow-up in the hematology clinic between 1997 and 2000 were reviewed retrospectively. 26 (7.6%) of these patients who also had pneumonia were included in the study. The mean of the patients' ages was 41.23±19.35 years (16 men,10 women) and the mean duration of illness was 19.40±24.30 months. Pneumonia was most frequently detected in patients with ALL (39.1%). In 11 (42%) of the cases, it was diagnosed as community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and in 15 (58%) of them as hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), respectively. The mean neutrophil count was 262.50±15.59/mm3 in 9 (34.6%) neutropenic patients. 8 of the patients with HAP had neutropenia, though only one with CAP was neutropenic. The most commonly encountered radiological sign was lobar infiltration, observed in 16 patients out of 26 (61.5%). Blood and sputum cultures revealed coagulase (-) staphylococcus in 4 cases, group A beta hemolytic streptococcus in 2 cases and Klebsiella pneumoniae in one case. The most commonly used antimicrobials were sulbactam-ampicillin in CAP patients, carbapenem plus an aminoglycoside in nonneutropenic HAP patients or carbapenem plus an aminoglycoside plus a glycopeptid plus an antifungal in neutropenic HAP patients. The mean duration of antimicrobial agent use was 18.88±18.48 days. In total, 5 patients (19.2%), 3 of whom had febrile neutropenia died due to pneumonia. With respect to the results of our study, pneumonia is a frequently encountered infection in patients with HM, primarily with ALL, and has a high mortality. We think that a broad spectrum ampirical treatment should be started early.

Özet

İmmünsüprese hastalarda pnömoni sık görülür ve mortalitesi yüksektir. Bu çalışma, hematolojik malignitesi (HM) olan hastalarda gelişen pnömoni insidansını, tanısını ve ampirik tedavi sonuçlarını değerlendirmek üzere planlanmıştır. Hematoloji kliniğinde 1997-2000 yillari arasinda izlenen 342 hastanin (83 NHL, 66 HL, 54 AML, 23 KML, 23 ALL, 51 KLL, 42 MM) dosyalari geriye dönük olarak incelendi. Bunlardan pnömoni gelişen 26'si (%7,6) çalışmaya alındı. Olgularin yaş ortalamasi 41.23±19.35 yıl olup, hastalık süreleri ortalama 19.40±24.30 aydi. En sık pnömoni ALL'li hastalarda saptandı (%39,1). Hastaların 11'i (%42) toplum kökenli pnömoni (TKP) ve 15'i (%58) hastane kökenli pnömoni (HKP) olarak değerlendirildi. Nötropenili 9 hastanın (%34.6) nötrofil sayısı ortalama 262.50±15.59/mm3 olarak bulundu. HKP'li olgularin 8'inde nötropeni varken, TKP'li olguların yalnızca 1'i nötropenikti. En sık radyolojik görünüm 26 olgunun 16'sinda (%61.5) görülen lober tutulumdu. Hastalarin balgam ve kan kültürlerinden, 4 hastada koagülaz (-) stafilokok, 2 hastada A grubu beta hemolitik streptokok, 1 hastada Klebsiella pneumoniae izole edildi. TKP'lerde en sik ampisilin-sulbaktam, HKP'lerde karbapenem grubu bir antibiyotik ve aminoglikozid kombinasyonu, nötropeninin eşlik ettiği HKP'lerde ise karbapenem grubu antibiyotik, aminoglikozid, glikopeptit grubu antibiyotik ile bir antifungal ajan kombinasyonu uygulandi. Antibiyotik kullanim süresi ortalama 18.88±18.48 gün olarak bulundu. Febril nötropenili 3, toplam 5 hasta (%19.2) yaşamını yitirdi. Bu hastalarin hepsi HKP'li olgulardı. Çalışmamızın sonuçlarına göre, başta ALL olmak üzere HM olan hastalarda pnömoni sık görülür ve mortalitesi yüksektir. Bu nedenle ampirik tedavinin erken ve geniş spektrumlu başlanması uygun olur kanısındayız.

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Cite This Article

KIZKIN, Ö., KAYA, E., TÜRKER, G., KUKU, İ., HACIEVLİYAGİL, S. S., GÜNEN, H., AYDOĞDU, İ. (2002). Pneumonia in patients with hematological malignancies (26 cases). Toraks Dergisi, Cilt: 3 - Sayı: 2, 168–172. https://ajindex.com/articles/368217

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