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Journals / Toplum ve Hekim / 2016 / Cilt: 31 - Sayı: 5

Evolutionary Epidemiology: A Synthesis for Evolution and Epidemiology

EVRİMSEL EPİDEMİYOLOJİ: EPİDEMİYOLOJİ VE EVRİMSEL BİYOLOJİNİN SENTEZİ

Efe SEZGIN
Pages
340–344
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Evolutionary medicine, in other words Darwinian medicine, is a new discipline that aims to bring novel approaches to health problems that traditional medicine cannot understand and cannot find cures for, in order to improve the overall health of human populations.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Epidemiology investigates the distribution and causes of health and disease among individuals and populations.
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Key Findings & Data:Evolutionary medicine, in other words Darwinian medicine, is a new discipline that aims to bring novel approaches to health problems that traditional medicine cannot understand and cannot find cures for, in order to improve the overall health of human populations.
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Conclusion & Impact:Adaption of evolutionary ideas into epidemiologic research will enhance population health and provide novel solutions for diseases.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Epidemiology investigates the distribution and causes of health and disease among individuals and populations. Evolutionary medicine, in other words Darwinian medicine, is a new discipline that aims to bring novel approaches to health problems that traditional medicine cannot understand and cannot find cures for, in order to improve the overall health of human populations. Epidemiology, the primary discipline of public health, is one of the medical branches that benefited the most from evolutionary approaches in medicine. Traditional epidemiology focuses on proximate causes and seeks answers to 'what' and 'how' questions on the dynamics between factors, environment, and humans. Evolutionary epidemiology focuses on the ultimate causes of diseases and seeks answers to 'how' and 'why' questions on the origin and function. In order to find answers, it compares the evolutinary process of Homo sapiens (modern humans) with that of its relatives, it examines the fast changes in human ecology, demographic and social dynamics, it looks at the epidemiology of modern diseases from an evolutionary process perspective. Using contemporary molecular and statistical genetic methods, it examines the contemporary human genetic variation and its evolution. It searches why diseases causing genetic variation are still not eliminated from human populations. Adaption of evolutionary ideas into epidemiologic research will enhance population health and provide novel solutions for diseases.

Özet

Epidemiyoloji kişilerin ve toplumun sağlık ve hastalık durumlarının nedenlerini ve dağılımını araştıran bir bilim dalıdır. Evrimsel tıp ise sağlık bilimlerine farklı bakış açıları getirmeyi, günümüz yaklaşımlarıyla çözüm bulamadığımız, nedenini anlayamadığımız sorunların çözümüne katkıda bulunmayı amaçlayan yeni bir disiplindir. Halk sağlığının temel bilimi olan ve hastalıklara toplumsal boyutta yaklaşan epidemiyoloji dalı da evrimsel tıptan en çok yararlanan disiplenler arasındadır. Klasik epidemiyoloji etken, çevre ve insan etkileşimleri hakkında 'ne' ve 'nasıl' sorularına yani 'yakınsak' nedenlemelerine cevap arar. Evrimsel epidemiyoloji ise köken ve fonksiyon hakkında 'neden' ve 'niçin' yani 'ıraksak veya evrimsel' sebep sorusuna cevap arar. Bu soruların cevapları için, Homo sapiens'in (modern insan) ve akrabalarının evrimsel süreçlerini karşılaştırır, insan ekolojisinde kısa zamanda meydana gelen hızlı değişimleri, demografik ve sosyal evrimi araştırır, günümüz hastalıklarının epidemiyolojisine evrimsel süreç boyutu katarak bakar. Ayrıca, modern moleküler ve istatistik genetik yöntemler kullanarak insan genetik çeşitliliğinin evrimini araştırır, hastalıklara neden olan ve yatkınlığını artıran genetik çeşitliliğin neden halen insan popülasyonlarından elenip gitmediğinin sebeplerini ortaya çıkarır. Evrimsel yaklaşımların epidemiyolojik araştırmalara uygulanması toplum sağlığını geliştirecek ve hastalıklara yeni çözümler sunabilecektir.

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Cite This Article

SEZGIN, E. (2016). Evolutionary Epidemiology: A Synthesis for Evolution and Epidemiology. Toplum ve Hekim, Cilt: 31 - Sayı: 5, 340–344. https://ajindex.com/articles/367737

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