Journals / Toplum ve Hekim / 2020 / Cilt: 35 - Sayı: 3

Community Mental Health Services from Past to Present: How Was It, How Should It be?

DÜNDEN BUGÜNE TOPLUM RUH SAĞLIĞI HİZMETLERİ: NASILDI NASIL OLMALI?

Pages
165–178
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These services should also be integrated into primary health care services and should be addressed in a framework that includes protecting mental health and preventing the occurrence of mental illness, diagnosing mental illnesses in the early period, providing treatment and care, and providing continuity of rehabilitation and care of mental illnesses

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Although the transition from mental health hospitals to community-based mental health services depends on various reasons, the factors that stand out in this field are; better access to psychiatric services, to achieve better clinical and social results, to ensure satisfaction of service users, to meet the increasing requirements in this regard and to protect human rights.
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Key Findings & Data:In 2011, a National Mental Health Care Action Plan was established by the Ministry of Health, aiming at the transition to community-based mental health services.
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Conclusion & Impact:These services should also be integrated into primary health care services and should be addressed in a framework that includes protecting mental health and preventing the occurrence of mental illness, diagnosing mental illnesses in the early period, providing treatment and care, and providing continuity of rehabilitation and care of mental illnesses
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:2011 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Although the transition from mental health hospitals to community-based mental health services depends on various reasons, the factors that stand out in this field are; better access to psychiatric services, to achieve better clinical and social results, to ensure satisfaction of service users, to meet the increasing requirements in this regard and to protect human rights. While community-based model is based on the provision of treatment and care services in the environment in which the patient lives, instead of mental health hospitals, it is aimed to prevent the hospitalization of mentally ill patients and to provide the necessary level of support to the patients to gain the ability to live on their own. In 2011, a National Mental Health Care Action Plan was established by the Ministry of Health, aiming at the transition to community-based mental health services. The planned activities in this respect are to increase the number of community-based mental health professionals, to encourage rational drug use, to train family physicians on community-based mental health, to reduce the number of beds in mental health hospitals, to establish the psychiatric clinics within general hospitals and to establishment the community mental health centers. The level of community-based mental health services in our country is far behind the targets set in the National Mental Health Care Action Plan. Community-based mental health services should be provided through day hospitals, community mental health centers, psychiatric services within general hospitals, supported employment models, supported housing and similar facilities, which serve as an alternative to traditional psychiatric hospitals. These services should also be integrated into primary health care services and should be addressed in a framework that includes protecting mental health and preventing the occurrence of mental illness, diagnosing mental illnesses in the early period, providing treatment and care, and providing continuity of rehabilitation and care of mental illnesses

Özet

Ruh sağlığı hastanelerinden toplum temelli ruh sağlığı hizmetlerine geçiş, çeşitli nedenlere bağlı olsa da, bu alanda öne çıkan etmenlerin;ruh sağlığı hizmetlerine daha iyi erişebilmek, daha iyi klinik, toplumsal sonuçlar elde etmek, hizmet alanların memnuniyetini sağlamak,bu konuda artan gereksinimleri karşılamak, insan haklarını korumak olduğu görülmektedir. Toplum temelli modelde tedavi ve bakımhizmetlerinin ruh sağlığı hastanelerinin yerine hastanın kendi yaşadığı çevrede sağlanması temel alınırken ruhsal hastalığı olanlarınhastaneye yatışlarının önlenmesi ve hastaların gerekli düzeyde destek sağlanarak kendi başlarına yaşayabilme becerisini kazanmalarıamaçlanır. Ülkemizde 2011 yılında, Sağlık Bakanlığı tarafından toplum temelli ruh sağlığı hizmetlerine geçilmesini hedefl eyen bir Ulusal RuhSağlığı Eylem Planı oluşturulmuştur. Bu çerçevede yapılması planlananlar arasında, toplum ruh sağlığı alanında çalışan sayısının artırılması,akılcı ilaç kullanımının teşvik edilmesi, aile hekimlerinin toplum temelli ruh sağlığı konusunda eğitilmesi, ruh sağlığı hastanelerininyatak sayılarının azaltılması, genel hastaneler içinde psikiyatri kliniklerinin oluşturulması ve toplum ruh sağlığı merkezlerinin kurulmasıgibi düzenlemeler yer almaktdır. Ülkemizde toplum temelli ruh sağlığı hizmetlerinin geldiği aşama, Ulusal Ruh Sağlığı Eylem Planı’ndabelirlenen hedefl erin oldukça gerisindedir. Toplum temelli ruh sağlığı hizmetleri, geleneksel ruh sağlığı hastanelerine alternatif olarak işlevgören gündüz hastaneleri, toplum ruh sağlığı merkezleri, genel hastaneler içindeki psikiyatri servisleri, destekli istihdam modelleri, desteklikonutlar gibi yapılanmalar üzerinden verilmelidir. Bu hizmetler aynı zamanda, birinci basamak sağlık hizmetleriyle bütünleştirilerek ruhsağlığını korumayı ve ruhsal hastalık oluşumunu önlemeyi, ruhsal hastalıkların erken dönemde tanısını koymayı, tedavi ve bakımını vermeyi,ruhsal hastalıkların rehabilitasyon ve bakımının sürekliliğini sağlamayı içeren bir çerçevede ele alınmalıdır.

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Cite This Article

TÜKEL, R. (2020). Community Mental Health Services from Past to Present: How Was It, How Should It be?. Toplum ve Hekim, Cilt: 35 - Sayı: 3, 165–178. https://ajindex.com/articles/367343

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