Journals / Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni / 2021 / Cilt: 55 - Sayı: 3

Three Candida auris Case Reports from Istanbul, Turkey

Türkiye İstanbul’dan Bildirilen Üç Candida auris Olgusu

Pages
452–460
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In this case report, it was aimed to draw attention to the infections with C.auris, its diagnosis and risk factors.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Candida auris is a fungal pathogen that was first identified in 2009.
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Key Findings & Data:Increases in the number of immunocompromised individuals, empirical use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials and widespread use of catheterizations are the predisposing factors in the development of infection.
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Conclusion & Impact:In this case report, it was aimed to draw attention to the infections with C.auris, its diagnosis and risk factors.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2009 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Candida auris is a fungal pathogen that was first identified in 2009. Since its definition, it has spread globally and has caused life-threatening nosocomial infections. Increases in the number of immunocompromised individuals, empirical use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials and widespread use of catheterizations are the predisposing factors in the development of infection. There are problems for the identification of C.auris with the routine methods. In this case report, infections with C.auris, isolated for the first time from three patients in our hospital’s intensive care units (ICU) between November 2020-January 2021, were presented. The first case was a 46-year-old male patient with laryngeal carcinoma who developed cardiopulmonary arrest during anesthesia induction in the tumor operation, and was followed up in the ICU. C.auris growth was detected in the blood and intravenous (IV) catheter tip cultures on the 66th day of admittance. Cure achieved on the 24th day under caspofungin treatment as no growth was determined. Second case was a 71-year-old female patient admitted to the emergency department with shortness of breath and general condition disorder that developed after COVID-19 infection and hospitalized in ICU with the diagnosis of pneumonia and acute renal failure. In the 16th day of admittance C.auris growth was detected in blood and from catheter tip cultures and the patient died in the 18th day. The third case was a 49-year-old male patient, followed up in ICU with the diagnosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage after he admitted to the emergency department with confusion. In the 35th day of admittance, 100000 CFU/ mL C auris growth was detected in urine culture. The patient was accepted as asymptomatic fungiuria and followed up in the ICU. It was determined that the three patients were intubated, had urinary and femoral venous catheters and were being followed under wide spectrum antibiotherapy when the growth of C.auris was detected. Isolates identified as C.auris by MALDI-TOF Microflex LT/SH Smart MS in the Medical Microbiology Laboratory were then confirmed by conventional methods and DNA sequencing in the National Mycology Reference Laboratory. Antifungal susceptibility tests were performed by broth microdilution method. Fluconazole MIC values were >256 mg/ml for all cases. Long-term survival in hospital environments, colonization on skin, resistance to disinfectants of C.auris, facilitate the spread of the fungi and resistance to antifungals lead to treatment failures. In this case report, it was aimed to draw attention to the infections with C.auris, its diagnosis and risk factors.

Özet

Candida auris ilk olarak 2009 yılında tanımlanan fungal bir patojendir. Tanımlandığı günden bu yana küresel yayılım göstermiş ve hayatı tehdit eden nozokomiyal enfeksiyonlara neden olmuştur. Enfeksiyonun gelişmesinde immün sistemi baskılanmış kişi sayısındaki artış, geniş spektrumlu antimikrobiyallerin kullanımı ve kateterizasyon uygulamalarının yaygınlaşması predispozan faktörlerdendir. Rutinde kullanılan yöntemlerle C.auris’i tanımlamada sorunlar yaşanmaktadır. Bu olgu raporunda Kasım 2020-Ocak 2021 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz yoğun bakım ünitelerinde (YBÜ) yatan üç hastada ilk defa izole edilen C.auris kaynaklı enfeksiyonlar sunulmuştur. Birinci olgu laringeal karsinom tanılı 46 yaşında erkek hasta, tümör operasyonu için uygulanan anestezi indüksiyonu esnasında kardiyopulmoner arrest gelişerek YBÜ’de takibe alınmıştır. Yatışının 66. gününde alınan kan ve kateter ucu kültürlerinde C.auris üremiştir. Kaspofungin tedavisinin 24. gününde kültürlerinde negatifleşme ile kür sağlanmıştır. İkinci olgu 71 yaşında kadın hasta, COVID-19 enfeksiyonu sonrası gelişen nefes darlığı ve genel durum bozukluğuyla acil servise başvurmuştur. Pnömoni ve akut böbrek yetmezliği tanısıyla YBÜ’ye yatırılmıştır. Yatışının 16. gününde alınan kan ve kateter ucu kültürlerinde C.auris üremiş, 18. gününde hasta kaybedilmiştir. Üçüncü olgu 49 yaşında erkek hasta, acil servise bilinç bulanıklığı şikayetiyle başvurduktan sonra subaraknoid kanama tanısıyla YBÜ’de takibe alınmıştır. Yatışının 35. gününde alınan idrar kültüründe 100000 CFU/ml C.auris üremesi saptanmıştır. Asemptomatik fungüri kabul edilen hastanın YBÜ’de takiplerine devam edilmiştir. C.auris üremeleri saptandığında üç hastanın entübe olduğu, üriner ve femoral venöz kateterleri bulunduğu ve geniş spekturumlu antibiyoterapi altında takip edilmekte olduğu saptanmıştır. Tıbbi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarında MALDI-TOF Microflex LT/SH Smart MS ile C.auris olarak tanımlanan izolatlar daha sonra Ulusal Mikoloji Referans Laboratuvarında konvansiyonel yöntemler ve DNA dizi analizi ile doğrulanmıştır. Antifungal duyarlılık testleri sıvı mikrodilüsyon yöntemiyle çalışılmıştır. Her üç izolat için flukonazol minimal inhibitör konsantrasyon (MİK) değerleri >256 mg/ml olarak saptanmıştır. C.auris’in hastane ortamlarında uzun süre canlı kalabilmesi, ciltte kolonize olabilmesi ve dezenfektanlara direnci; yayılımını kolaylaştırmakta, antifungallere yüksek oranda direnç göstermesi tedavide başarısızlıklara yol açabilmektedir. Bu olgu sunumunda, C.auris’in neden olduğu enfeksiyonlara, tanısına ve risk faktörlerine dikkat çekmek amaçlanmıştır.

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Cite This Article

KÖMEÇ, S., KARABIÇAK, N., CEYLAN, A. N., GÜLMEZ, A., ÖZALP, O. (2021). Three Candida auris Case Reports from Istanbul, Turkey. Mikrobiyoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 55 - Sayı: 3, 452–460. https://ajindex.com/articles/341024

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