Journals / Üroonkoloji Bülteni / 2017 / Cilt: 16 - Sayı: 1

Does the Future of Prostate Cancer Treatment Lie with Apoptotic Inducers?

Prostat Kanseri Tedavisinin Geleceği Apoptotik İndükleyicilerde mi?

Pages
22–27
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Despite present-day clinical achievements which can extend the overall survival period, prostate cancer (PCa) related mortality remains a major problem.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Despite present-day clinical achievements which can extend the overall survival period, prostate cancer (PCa) related mortality remains a major problem.
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Key Findings & Data:Majority of the PCa patients develop resistance against androgen ablation within an average of 12-36 month-period and despite the castrate levels of testosterone, androgen-dependent and independent signals cause an increase in the cancer cells.
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Conclusion & Impact:Molecules with lower side-effect profiles which are capable of inducing physiological mechanisms like apoptosis are expected to replace chemotherapeutic agents in the future
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Despite present-day clinical achievements which can extend the overall survival period, prostate cancer (PCa) related mortality remains a major problem. Resistance against apoptosis which consequently leads to disease prognosis is one of the most important characteristics of metastatic cancer cells which display a high level of genetic and clinical heterogeneity. Therefore, achievements in the local treatment of PCa have not been matched in the treatment of the metastatic disease. Although androgen deprivation therapy is the standard treatment due to the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway which has primary importance in metastatic cases, successful treatment remains difficult because of the genetic aberrations of ARs. Majority of the PCa patients develop resistance against androgen ablation within an average of 12-36 month-period and despite the castrate levels of testosterone, androgen-dependent and independent signals cause an increase in the cancer cells. While effective survival advantages displayed by the new generation agents like abiraterone and enzalutamide is promising in the treatment of metastatic castration resistant PCa how to best manage the primary and secondary resistance to treatment remains a challenge. The apoptotic effect enhancing pro-survival effectors and apoptotic regulators within the cytoprotective chaperone networks become more and more important every day for overcoming treatment resistance. Recent scientific research on apoptotic pathway inducing mechanisms focuses on the importance of developing synergistic treatment strategies. Molecules with lower side-effect profiles which are capable of inducing physiological mechanisms like apoptosis are expected to replace chemotherapeutic agents in the future

Özet

Genel sağkalım süresini uzatabilen günümüz klinik başarılara rağmen, prostat kanserine (PK) bağlı mortalite halen önemli bir sorundur. Yüksek düzeyde genetik ve klinik heterojenlik gösteren metastatik kanser hücrelerinin en önemli özelliklerinden biri de, apoptozise dirençli olmaları ve nihayetinde progresif hastalığın gelişmesine neden olmalarıdır. Dolayısıyla, PK'nin lokal tedavisinde alınan yol, metastatik hastalığın tedavisinde henüz yakalanamamıştır. Metastatik olgularda, birincil önemi olan androjen reseptör (AR) sinyal yolaklarından dolayı androjen deprivasyon (baskılama) tedavisi standart tedavi olsa dahi, AR'lerinin genetik aberasyonları sonucu tedavide başarı yakalamak oldukça zordur. Ortalama 12-36 ay içinde PK'li hastaların çoğunluğu androjen ablasyonuna direnç geliştirmekte ve kastre düzeydeki testosterona rağmen androjen bağımlı/bağımsız sinyaller, kanser hücrelerinin çoğalmasına sebep olmaktadır. Metastatik kastrasyona dirençli PK tedavisinde abirateron, enzalutamid gibi yeni nesil ajanların etkin yaşam avantajları göstermesi umut verici olmakla birlikte; primer ve sekonder tedavi direncinin en iyi nasıl yönetileceği halen kaçınılmaz bir sorundur. PK tedavi direncinin üstesinden gelmek için, apoptotik etkileri arttırmayı hedefleyen sitokoruyucu şaperon ağlarındaki prosurvival efektörler ve apoptotik regülatörler her geçen gün önem kazanmaktadır. Apoptotik yolağı indükleyen mekanizmaları konu alan yeni bilimsel araştırmalar, sinerjistik tedavi stratejilerinin geliştirilmesinin önemi üzerinde yoğunlaşmaktadır. Gelecekte kemoterapötiklerin yerini, apoptozis gibi fizyolojik mekanizmaları çalıştıran, yan etki profili düşük moleküllerin alması öngörülmektedir.

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Cite This Article

KONAÇ, E., SÖZEN, S. (2017). Does the Future of Prostate Cancer Treatment Lie with Apoptotic Inducers?. Üroonkoloji Bülteni, Cilt: 16 - Sayı: 1, 22–27. https://ajindex.com/articles/334884

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