Journals / Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi / 2018 / Cilt: 6 - Sayı: 3

The Determination of Their Efficiency Against Fusarium Root and Crown Rot Diseases of Some Antagonistic Trichoderma and Endophytic Acremonium Isolates

Bazı Antagonist Trichoderma ve Endofitik Acremonium İzolatlarının Fusarium Kök ve Kök-Boğazı Çürüklüğü Hastalıklarına Karşı Etkinliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Pages
266–272
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In conclusion, the Acremonium isolates (47.5%) were lower means of disease severity than Trichoderma isolates (74.6%) for FC and FORL assessments in wheat experiment.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The use of antagonist microorganisms against pathogenic organisms in organic agricultural systems was promising for biological control approach.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The agar media with hypha and mycelia of the BCAs and spore suspensions (106 spores/ml) of FC and FORL were treated for inoculation of wheat seeds and tomato seedlings.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:In conclusion, the Acremonium isolates (47.5%) were lower means of disease severity than Trichoderma isolates (74.6%) for FC and FORL assessments in wheat experiment.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

The use of antagonist microorganisms against pathogenic organisms in organic agricultural systems was promising for biological control approach. The aim of this study was to determination of the potential biological control of some fungal isolates which characterized as endophytic and antagonistic against soil borne Fusarium culmorum (FC) and F. oxysporum f.sp. radicis lycopersici (FORL) pathogens. For this, seven isolates of endophytic Acremonium spp. that isolated from healthy wheat plants and eight isolates of antagonist Trichoderma spp., isolated from soil of organic vegetable areas, were performed as biological control agents (BCA). The agar media with hypha and mycelia of the BCAs and spore suspensions (106 spores/ml) of FC and FORL were treated for inoculation of wheat seeds and tomato seedlings. The harvested plants were statistically analyzed by some parameters (severity of crown rot disease (%DS and scale), plant lengths (cm) etc.). In conclusion, the Acremonium isolates (47.5%) were lower means of disease severity than Trichoderma isolates (74.6%) for FC and FORL assessments in wheat experiment. In tomato, the averages of disease severity between Acremonium and Trichoderma were similar while their means were lower than positive control (The Scale of DS=0.67<0.68; Control=3). Together with other parameters, it is thought that endophytic isolates could have been effective in biological control against important soil borne pathogens.

Özet

Patojenik organizmalara karşı antagonist mikroorganizmaların kullanımı, organik tarım alanlarında bitki verim ve kalitesini artırmak için önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, toprak kökenli F. culmorum (FC) ve F. oxysporum f.sp. radicis lycopersici (FORL) patojenlerine karşı antagonist ve endofitik özellikteki bazı fungal izolatların biyolojik mücadelede kullanım potansiyelinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla sağlıklı buğday bitkilerinden izole edilmiş, endofitik 7 Acremonium spp. izolatı ile organik sebze yetiştiriciliği yapılan arazi topraklarından elde edilmiş, antagonist 8 Trichoderma spp.’ye ait izolat, biyolojik mücadele ajanı (BMA) olarak kullanılmıştır. BMA’ların hif ve misel yapılarını içeren besi ortamları ile patojen FC ve FORL izolatlarının (106 spor/ml) spor süspansiyonları, buğday tohumu ve domates fidelerine inokulasyonda kullanılmıştır. Hasat edilen bitkiler, bitki çıkışı (%), kök-boğazı çürüklüğü hastalık şiddeti (H.Ş.) (% ve skala), bitki boyu (cm), bitki yaş ve kuru ağırlıklarına (gr) göre istatistiksel olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, buğdayda Acremonium spp. izolatları, Trichoderma izolatlarına göre hastalık şiddetini önemli oranda azaltmıştır (Ort. H.Ş=%47,5<74,6). Domateste her iki BMA açısından hastalık şiddeti ortalamaları, pozitif kontrole göre daha düşük düzeyde gerçekleşirken, birbirleri arasında benzer seviyelerde hastalık oluşumu meydana gelmiştir (Ort. H.Ş. skalası=0,67<0,68; Poz. Kon.=3). Diğer değerlendirme parametreleri de göz önüne alındığında, endofitik izolatların toprak kökenli patojenlere karşı biyolojik mücadelede etkili olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

TUNALI, B., TOSUN, C., MALDAR, B. M., MEYVA, G., KANSU, B. (2018). The Determination of Their Efficiency Against Fusarium Root and Crown Rot Diseases of Some Antagonistic Trichoderma and Endophytic Acremonium Isolates. Türk Tarım - Gıda Bilim ve Teknoloji dergisi, Cilt: 6 - Sayı: 3, 266–272. https://ajindex.com/articles/331363

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (7)

  1. Aktaş H, Tunalı B, Aktaş H, Tunalı B, Bostancıoğlu H, Bayram E. 1997. Reaction of some wheat varieties and lines against to root and foot-rot disease agents in the field and laboratory conditions. Journal of Turkish Phytopathology 26:61-68.
  2. Arora DK, Elander RP, Mukerji KG. 1992. Fungal Biotechnology vol. 4. In: Handbook of applied mycology. New York: Marcel Dekker. p 1114. Bacon CW. 1990. Isolation, culture and maintenance of endophytic fungi of grasses. In: Labeda DP, editor. Isolation of biotechnological organisms from nature. New York: McGraw-Hill. p 259-282. Benítez T, Rincón AM, Limón MC, Codón AC. 2004. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. International Microbiology 7:249-260.
  3. Biles CL, Martyn RD. 1989. Local and Systemic Resistance Induced in Watermelons by Formae Speciales of Fusarium oxysporum. Phytopathology 79:856-860.
  4. Burpee LL, Bouton JH. 1993. Effect of Eradication of the Endophyte Acremonium coenophialum on Epidemics of Rhizoctonia Blight in Tall Fescue. Plant Disease 77:157- 159. Carroll GC. 1986. The biology of endophytism in plants with particular reference to woody perennials. In: Fokkema NJ, Van den Heuvle J, editors. Microbiology of Phyllosphere. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. p 205-222.
  5. Chet I, Inbar J. 1994. Biological control of fungal pathogens. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 48:37-43.
  6. Chet I, Inbar J, Hadar I. 1997. Fungal antagonists and mycoparasites. In: Wicklow DT, Söderström B, editors. The Mycota IV: Environmental and microbial relationships. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. p 165-184. Clay K. 1989. Clavicipitaceolls endophytes of grasses: their potential as biocontrol agents. Mycological Research 92:1- 12. Çolak A, Biçici M. 2011. Doğu Akdeniz bölgesi örtü altı domates yetiĢtiriciliğinde Fusarium oxysporum spesiyal formlarınının simptomatolojik ayrımı ile solgunluk ve kökkök boğazı çürüklüğü hastalıklarının çıkıĢ, Ģiddet ve yaygınlıklarının belirlenmesi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni 51:331- 345. Dorworth CE, Callan BE. 1996. Manipulation of endophytic fungi to promote their utility as vegetation biocontrol agents. In: Reddlin SC, Carris LM, editors. Endophytic fungi in grasses and woody plants. St. Paul: APS Press. p 209-219.
  7. Erginbaş-Orakci G, Poole G, Nicol J, Paulitz TC, Dababat AA, Campbell K. 2016. Assessment of inoculation methods to identify resistance to Fusarium crown rot in wheat. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection 123:19-27. Faeth SH. 2002. Are endophytic fungi defensive plant mutualists? Oikos 98