Journals / Türk Üroloji Dergisi/Turkish Journal of Urology / 2005 / Cilt: 31 - Sayı: 4

Management of BCG-refractory superficial bladder cancer

BCG-refrakter yüzeyel mesane tümörlü hastalarda tedavi yaklaşımı

Pages
465–468
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Intravesical gemcitabine and photodynamic therapy are new therapies that need to be evaluated further with randomized studies.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Introduction: Seventy percent of bladder tumors are confined to the mucosa and lamina propria when diagnosed and are called superficial bladder tumors.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Whereas 70-80% of these do not extend beyond the mucosa, 20-30% involves lamina propria.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Intravesical gemcitabine and photodynamic therapy are new therapies that need to be evaluated further with randomized studies.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Mycobacterium bovis · Mesane neoplazmları · Mycobacterium bovis

Abstract

Introduction: Seventy percent of bladder tumors are confined to the mucosa and lamina propria when diagnosed and are called superficial bladder tumors. Whereas 70-80% of these do not extend beyond the mucosa, 20-30% involves lamina propria. Even though defined superficial, these tumors have heterogeneous biologic behavior and can be highly malignant. In those who do not receive further treatment after transurethral resection, recurrence rates are %50-70 and progression rates range between 25-50%. Intravesical Bacille-Calmette Guérin treatment is the main treatment after TUR. However, 30-40% of patients do not respond to BCG treatment and %30-40 of those who respond, recur within five years. In medium to high risk patients with recurrence after intravesical chemotherapy, BCG treatment can be tried. However, when BCG as a first line of treatment fails, the situation is more complicated. In these patients, cystectomy should be considered primarily. New treatment modalities have shown some promising results. The addition of interferon to BCG has proven effective, with response rates near 50%. Intravesical gemcitabine and photodynamic therapy are new therapies that need to be evaluated further with randomized studies.

Özet

Mesane tümörlerinin %70'i tanı konulduğunda mukoza ve lamina propria'ya sınırlıdırlar ve yüzeyel mesane tümörü olarak adlandırılırlar. Bu tümörlerin %70-80'i mukozayı aşmazken, %20-30'u lamina propria'ya ulaşmıştır. Yüzeyel olarak tanımlanmış olmalarına rağmen, bu grup tümörler heterojen biolojik davranışa ve oldukça malign potansiyele sahiptirler. Transüretral rezeksiyon (TUR-MT) sonrası ek tedavi uygulanmayan olgularda, nüks oranı % 50-70, progresyon oranı ise %25-50'dir. İntravezikal bacille Calmette-Guérin tedavisi, TUR-MT sonrası uygulanan en etkili tedavi yöntemidir. Ancak, bu tedavi sonrası hastaların %30-40'ı BCG tedavisine yanıt vermemekte yine ilk tedaviye yanıt veren hastaların % 30-40'ında 5 yıl içerisinde nüks görülmektedir. İntravezikal kemoterapi sonrası nükseden orta ve yüksek riskli hastalarda yaklaşım BCG tedavisinin denenmesidir. Ancak ilk tedavide uygulanan BCG'nin başarısız olduğu olgularda durum daha karmaşıktır. Bu hastalarda sistektomi birinci tedavi seçeneği olmalıdır. Bazı yeni konservatif tedavi yaklaşım sonuçları umut vericidir. Bunlardan birincisi BCG/interferon kombinasyonudur. İntravezikal gemcitabine ve fotodinamik tedavinin etkili olduklarını gösteren çalışmalar vardır fakat tedavide önerebilmek için daha fazla benzer randomize çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

🔖

Cite This Article

SOYUPAK, B. (2005). Management of BCG-refractory superficial bladder cancer. Türk Üroloji Dergisi/Turkish Journal of Urology, Cilt: 31 - Sayı: 4, 465–468. https://ajindex.com/articles/328950

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (16)

  1. Malkowicz SB: Management of superficial bladder cancer. In: Walsh PC, Retik AB, Vaughan ED, Wein AJ, editors. Campbell’s urology, 8th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2785-2802, 2002
  2. El Ouakdi M, Njeh M, Smaoui S, et al: T1 bladder tumors: Can they be considered superficial? J Urol, 97: 33, 1991
  3. Heney NM, Ahmed S, Flanagan MJ, et al: Superficial bladder cancer: progression and recurrence. J Urol, 130: 1083, 1983
  4. Zieger K, Wolf H, Olsen PR, et al: Long-term survival of patients with bladder tumors: The significance of risk factors. Br J Urol, 82: 667, 1998
  5. Jakse G, Loidl W, Seeber G, et al: Stage T1, grade 3 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: An unfavorable tumor? J Urol. 137: 39-43, 1987
  6. Amling CL, Thrasher JB, Frazier HA, et al: Radical cystectomy for stages Ta, Tis and T1 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. J Urol. 151: 31-35, 1994
  7. Lamm DL, Blumenstein BA, Crawford ED, et al: A randomized trial of intravesical doxorubicin and immunotherapy with bacillus Calmette-Guerin for transitionalcell carcinoma of the bladder. N Engl J Med. 325: 1205-9, 1991
  8. Herr HW, Dalbagni G: Defining BCG refractory superficial bladder tumors. J Urol. 169: 1706-8, 2003
  9. Smith JA Jr, Labasky RF, Cockett AT, et al: Bladder cancer clinical guidelines panel summary report on the management of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (stages Ta, T1, and TIS). The American Urological Association. J Urol. 162: 1697-1701, 1999
  10. Herr H: Tumor progression and survival of patients with high grade, noninvasive papillary (TaG3) bladder tumors: 15-year outcome. J Urol. 163: 60-62, 2000
  11. Herr WH, Sogani PC: Does early cystectomy improve the survival of patients with high risk superficial bladder tumors? J Urol. 166: 1296-1299, 2001
  12. Cookson MS, Sarosdy MF: Management of stage T1 superficial bladder cancer with intavesical BCG therapy. J Urol. 148: 797, 1992
  13. Brake M, Loertzer H, Horsch R, et al: Recurrence and progression of stage T1, grade 3 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder following intavesical immunotherapy with BCG. J Urol. 163: 1697-701, 2000
  14. Pansadoro V, Emiliozzi P, De Paula F, et al: Longterm follow-up of G3T1 transitional carcinoma of the bladdertreated with intravesical BCG: 18-year experience. Urology. 59: 227-231, 2002
  15. Catalona W, Hudson M, Gillen D, et al: Risks and benefits of repeated courses of intravesical bacillus Calmete- Guérin for superficial bladder cancer. J Urol. 137: 220- 224, 1987
  16. Manoha