Journals / MN Kardiyoloji / 2000 / Cilt: 7 - Sayı: 3

The investigation of sources of cardiac emboli and left atrial appendage function in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident by transesophageal echocardiography

Akut serebrovasküler olay geçiren hastalarda transözefajial ekokardiyografi ile kardiyak emboli kaynakları ve sol atrial apendiks fonksiyonunun araştırılması

Pages
191–196
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In patients with atrial fibrillation, LAA velocities less than 25 cm/s can increase the likelihood of CVA.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:AIM: (1) to echocardiographically detect the cardiac sources of emboli in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA) (2) to compare the findings of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) with those of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) (3) to see if there is a relationship between the left atrial appendage (LAA) function and CVA.
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Key Findings & Data:MATERIAL AND METHOD: Cardiac sources of emboli was evaluated by TTE and TEE in 30 patients with acute CVA.
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Conclusion & Impact:In patients with atrial fibrillation, LAA velocities less than 25 cm/s can increase the likelihood of CVA.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Serebrovasküler olay · Apendiks · Atriyal fibrilasyon

Abstract

AIM: (1) to echocardiographically detect the cardiac sources of emboli in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA) (2) to compare the findings of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) with those of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) (3) to see if there is a relationship between the left atrial appendage (LAA) function and CVA. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Cardiac sources of emboli was evaluated by TTE and TEE in 30 patients with acute CVA. LAA fractional area change (FAC), peak LAA filling and peak LAA ejection (emptying) velocities were measured. RESULTS: No cardiac source of emboli was observed in 8 patients. Among 11 patients with previously known cardiac disease, only TEE detected sources of emboli in 7 (64%) of them. In 19 patients without known cardiac disease, only TEE could detect source of emboli in 5 (26%) of them. In patients with atrial fibrillation mean LAA fractional area change was 22%, mean LAA peak filling velocity was 25 cm/s and mean LAA peak emptying velocity was 24 cm/s while in patients with sinus rhythm these were 32%, 42cm/s and 43 cm/s respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The most common abnormality detected in patients with CVA was spontaneous echocardiographic contrast in the left atrium (33%). As a new finding, we observed that calcification of the sinotubular junction could be a potential source of emboli in 26% of patients without known cardiac disease that cannot be detected by TEE. In patients with sinus rhythm, low LAA FAC, low LAA peak filling and emptying velocities increase the risk of CVA. In patients with atrial fibrillation, LAA velocities less than 25 cm/s can increase the likelihood of CVA.

Özet

AMAÇ: Akut serebrovasküler olay (SVO) geçiren hastalarda (1) kardiyak emboli kaynaklarının ekokardiyografik olarak belirlenmesi (2) transözefajial ekokardiyografi (TEE) ile elde edilen bulguların transtorasik ekokardiyografi (TTE) bulgularıyla karşılaştırılması (3) SVO geçiren sinüs ritmindeki ve atrial fibrilasyondaki hastalarda sol atrial apendiks (LAA) fonksiyonu ile SVO arasında ilişki olup olmadığının belirlenmesi. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Akut SVO geçiren 30 hastaya TTE ve TEE yapılarak muhtemel emboli kaynakları saptandı. Sol atrial apendiks fraksiyonel alan değişimi (FAD) ile peak LAA dolma ve boşalma velositeleri ölçüldü. BULGULAR: Sekiz olguda kardiyak emboli kaynağına rastlamadık. Bilinen kalp hastalığı olan II hastanın 7'sinde (%64) sadece TEE'de anormal bulgular gözlenirken bilinen kalp hastalığı olmayan 19 hastadan 5'inde (%26) sadece TEE'de anormal bulgu saptadık. Atrial fıbrilasyonlu hastalarımızın ortalama LAA FAD değeri %22, LAA peak dolma velositesi 25 cm/sn, LAA peak boşalma velositesi 24 cm/sn iken sinüs ritmindeki hastalarda bu değerler sırasıyla %32, 42 cm/sn, 43 cm/sn olarak hesaplandı. SONUÇ: SVO geçiren hastalarda en sık rastlanan anormal bulgu SASEK idi (%33). Bilinen sebeplerden farklı olarak sinotübüler birleşim yeri kalsifikasyonu da SVO'dan sorumlu olabilir. Bilinen bir kalp hastalığı olmayanlarda TEE, TTE'ye göre % 26 hastada yeni tanı koydurmaktadır. Sinüs ritmindeki olgularda LAA FAD değeri ile LAA peak dolma ve boşalma velosite değerlerinin normale göre düşük olması kardiyoembolik SVO riskini arttıran bir faktördür. Atrial fibrilasyon olgularında LAA' daki akım hızları 25 cm/sn'nin altına indiği zaman kardiyoembolik SVO riski artmaktadır.

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Cite This Article

ALPASLAN, M., EROL, Ç., ORAL, D. (2000). The investigation of sources of cardiac emboli and left atrial appendage function in patients with acute cerebrovascular accident by transesophageal echocardiography. MN Kardiyoloji, Cilt: 7 - Sayı: 3, 191–196. https://ajindex.com/articles/299194

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