Journals / Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi / 2019 / Cilt: 6 - Sayı: 3

Pathophysiology of Addiction

Bağımlılığın Patofizyolojisi

Pages
166–170
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Apart from the dopaminergic mesocorticolimbic system, other systems and neurotansmitters are thought to be effective in the development of addiction.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The use of alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs, apart from causing health problems, also increases the loss of labor and tendency to crime.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Behaviors such as gambling, internet use, eating and shopping also increase the release of dopamine by activating the reward pathway, such as substances that cause addiction.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Apart from the dopaminergic mesocorticolimbic system, other systems and neurotansmitters are thought to be effective in the development of addiction.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Alkol · Madde Bağımlılığı · Mezokortikolimbik Sistem

Abstract

The use of alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs, apart from causing health problems, also increases the loss of labor and tendency to crime. Addiction not only occurs against substances, but also varies as gambling, internet, eating, work, exercise and shopping addiction. Although it can be treated, it is characterized by the high frequency of recurrences. Brain parts, environmental and individual factors, genetic characteristics play a major role in the development of addiction. While the substance use causes addiction, they lead to changes in the reward system, decision-making and memory related brain parts. The mesocorticolimbic system is an important part of the reward system. Dopamine is the main neurotransmitter in this system. Behaviors such as gambling, internet use, eating and shopping also increase the release of dopamine by activating the reward pathway, such as substances that cause addiction. Disorders in the mesocorticolimbic pathway and associated brain parts play a role in the formation of addiction. Apart from the dopaminergic mesocorticolimbic system, other systems and neurotansmitters are thought to be effective in the development of addiction.

Özet

Alkol, sigara ve yasaklı maddelerin kullanımı, yol açtığı sağlık problemlerinin yanında, iş gücünde kayba ve suça eğilimde artmaya sebep olmasıyla, ortaya çıkan maddi ve manevi hasarı daha da arttırmaktadır. Bağımlılık sadece maddelere karşı oluşmamakta, kumar, internet, yeme, iş, egzersiz, alışveriş bağımlılığı gibi türlerle de günümüzde giderek çeşitliliği artmaktadır. Tedavi edilebilmesine rağmen, nükslerin sıklığı ile karakterizedir. Beyin yapıları, çevresel ve kişiye bağlı etkenler, genetik özellikler bağımlılık gelişiminde rol oynamaktadır. Kullanılan maddeler bağımlılık oluşumuna sebep olurken, ödül sistemi, karar verme, hafıza ile ilgili beyin yapılarında değişikliklere yol açmaktadır. Mezokortikolimbik sistem, ödül sisteminin önemli bir parçasını oluşturmaktadır. Dopamin bu sistemdeki ana nörotransmiterdir. Kumar, internet kullanımı, yeme, alışveriş gibi davranışlar da, bağımlılığa yol açan maddeler gibi ödül yolağını aktive ederek, DA salımını arttırmaktadır. Mezokortikolimbik yolak ve bağlantılı beyin yapılarındaki bozukluklar bağımlılık oluşumunda rol oynamaktadır. Dopaminerjik mezokortikolimbik sistem dışında, başka sistem ve nörotansmiterlerin de bağımlılık gelişiminde etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir

🔖

Cite This Article

Kaya, E., AKPINAR, D., AKPINAR, H. (2019). Pathophysiology of Addiction. Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 6 - Sayı: 3, 166–170. https://ajindex.com/articles/294104

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (16)

  1. American Psychiatric Association and American Psychiatric Association DSM-5 Task Force. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5 Washington, DC American Psychiatric Association, 2013
  2. Harricharan R, Abboussi O, Daniels WMU. Addiction: A dysregulation of satiety and inflammatory processes. Prog Brain Res. 2017;235:65-91
  3. Koob GF. Neurobiological substrates for the dark side of compulsivity in addiction. Neuropharmacology. 2009;56 Suppl 1:18-31
  4. Koob GF, Volkow ND. Neurobiology of addiction: a neurocircuitry analysis. The Lancet Psychiatry. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3(8):760-73
  5. Volkow ND, Morales M. The Brain on Drugs: From Reward to Addiction. Cell. 2015;162(4):712-25
  6. UNODC. World Drug Report 2017. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. 2017. 7. van den Heuvel LL. Stahl’s essential psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific basis and practical applications 4th eds. J Child Adolesc Ment Heal. 2014
  7. Pariyadath V, Gowin JL, Stein EA. Resting state functional connectivity analysis for addiction medicine: From individual loci to complex networks Prog Brain Res. 2016;224:155-73
  8. Koob GF. Drugs of abuse: anatomy, pharmacology and function of reward pathways. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1992;13(5):177-84
  9. Margolis EB, Toy B, Himmels P, Morales M, Fields HL. Identification of rat ventral tegmental area GABAergic neurons. PLoS One. 2012;7(7): e42365
  10. Pistillo F, Clementi F, Zoli M, Gotti C. Nicotinic, glutamatergic and dopaminergic synaptic transmission and plasticity in the mesocorticolimbic system: Focus on nicotine effects. Prog Neurobiol. 2015;124:1-27
  11. Tritsch NX, Ding JB, Sabatini BL. Dopaminergic neurons inhibit striatal output through non-canonical release of GABA. Nature. 2012;11;490(7419):262-6
  12. Jaworski JN, Kozel MA, Philpot KB, Kuhar MJ. Intra-accumbal injection of CART (cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript) peptide reduces cocaine-induced locomotor activity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003;307(3):1038-44
  13. Hubert GW, Jones DC, Moffett MC, Rogge G, Kuhar MJ. CART peptides as modulators of dopamine and psychostimulants and interactions with the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. Biochem Pharmacol. 2008;75(1):57–62
  14. Yager LM, Garcia AF, Wunsch AM, Ferguson SM. The ins and outs of the striatum: role in drug addiction. Neuroscience. 2015;20;301:529-41
  15. Howard CD, Li H, Geddes CE, Jin X. Dynamic Nigrostriatal Dopamine Biases Action Selection. Neuron. 2017;22:93(6):1436-50
  16. Koob GF, Everitt BJ, Robbin