Journals / Literatür Eczacılık Bilimleri Dergisi / 2018 / Cilt: 7 - Sayı: 2

Toxicological Evaluation of Palm Oil and Components

Palm Yağının ve Bileşenlerinin Toksikolojik Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi

Pages
97–109
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In this review, general properties and effects on health of palm oil and toxicity of palm oil are evaluated.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Palm oil is a vegetable oil obtained from the fruit of the palm tree (Elaeis guineensis) and containing a high amount of saturated fatty acid (50%).
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Key Findings & Data:Malaysia and Indonesia are the main producers of palm oil with rates of 31% and 54%.
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Conclusion & Impact:In this review, general properties and effects on health of palm oil and toxicity of palm oil are evaluated.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Palm oil is a vegetable oil obtained from the fruit of the palm tree (Elaeis guineensis) and containing a high amount of saturated fatty acid (50%). Production of palm oil is cheaper than other forms of vegetable oils and therefore has been used in global food industry. Malaysia and Indonesia are the main producers of palm oil with rates of 31% and 54%. Palm oil is highly nutritious due to it’s content which is including tocopherols, carotenoids, sterols, phospholipids, glycolipids and coenzyme Q10. However, it lost nutritional value, because of refining processes at high temperatures. The high temperatures applied to trigger the oxidation and hydrolysis reactions. These reactions cause formation of several chemical compounds such as glycidyl fatty acid esters (GE), 3- monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3 MCPD), 2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol (2-MCPD) and acrylamide which are responsible from the toxicity of palm oil. 3-MCPD has been reported to cause damage to the kidneys and reproductive system in laboratory animals. It is known that glycidol is the starting molecule of glycidyl fatty acid ester (GE). Glycidol and GE have both genotoxic and carcinogenic effects. In this review, general properties and effects on health of palm oil and toxicity of palm oil are evaluated.

Özet

Palm yağı, palmiye ağacının (Elaeis guineensis) meyvesinden elde edilen ve çok miktarda (%50) doymuş yağ asidi içeren bir bitkisel yağ türüdür. Diğer bitkisel yağlara göre üretiminin daha ucuz olması nedeni ile gıda sektöründe geniş bir kullanım alanına sahiptir. Malezya ve Endonezya %31 ve %54 oranları ile palm yağının ana üretim yerleridir. Palm yağı, tokoferoller, karotenoidler, steroller, fosfolipitler, glikolipitler ve koenzim Q10 içeriği nedeni ile oldukça besleyicidir. Ancak, yüksek ısılarda rafinasyon işlemlerine tabi tutulması sonucunda palm yağı, söz konusu besin değerlerini kaybetmektedir. Ayrıca, uygulanan yüksek sıcaklıklar oksidasyon ve hidroliz reaksiyonlarını tetiklemektedir. Bu reaksiyonlar sonucunda glisidil yağ asidi esterleri (GE), 3-monokloropropan-1,2-diol (3-MCPD), 2-monokloropropan-1,3-diol (2-MCPD) ve akrilamid adı verilen palm yağının toksisitesinden sorumlu olduğu bilinen kimyasal bileşiklerden oluşmaktadır. Bu maddelerden 3-MCPD’nin hayvan deneylerinde böbrek ve üreme organlarında hasar yaptığı bildirilmiştir. GE’nin çıkış maddesi olan glisidolün ise hem genotoksik hem de karsinojenik olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada; palm yağının temel özellikleri, kullanılışı ve sağlık üzerindeki tüm olumlu ve olumsuz etkileri ile palm yağının toksisitesinden sorumlu kimyasal maddelerin detaylı olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

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Cite This Article

ÇETİN, T., SABUNCUOĞLU, S. (2018). Toxicological Evaluation of Palm Oil and Components. Literatür Eczacılık Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 7 - Sayı: 2, 97–109. https://ajindex.com/articles/274613

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