Journals / Literatür Eczacılık Bilimleri Dergisi / 2020 / Cilt: 9 - Sayı: 2

RNA Damage and its Relationship with Pathological Conditions

RNA Hasarı ve Patolojik Durumlarla İlişkisi

Pages
184–196
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In this review, it is aimed to give information about RNA damage, fac- tors causing RNA damage, RNA damage related diseases, RNA repair mechanisms and toxicological importance of RNA damage.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:It is known that celllular macromolecules, particularly nucleic acids, lipids, proteins and carbohydrates can be damaged by several different mechanisms, including oxidative stress.
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Key Findings & Data:The mostly encountered oxidative damage of RNA is 8-hydroxy- deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) today.
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Conclusion & Impact:In this review, it is aimed to give information about RNA damage, fac- tors causing RNA damage, RNA damage related diseases, RNA repair mechanisms and toxicological importance of RNA damage.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

It is known that celllular macromolecules, particularly nucleic acids, lipids, proteins and carbohydrates can be damaged by several different mechanisms, including oxidative stress. In recent years, it has been found that RNA has been exposed to oxidative dam- age as well as DNA and this has led to the need to elucidate the mech- anism of action of RNA oxidation at molecular and cellular levels. RNA damage can arise from different factors, especially by ultravio- let (UV) exposure. However, not only guanine but other bases can be damaged and RNA damage due to these damages can also develop. The mostly encountered oxidative damage of RNA is 8-hydroxy- deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) today. Other damaged base products in- clude 8-hydroxyadenine, 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamido- guanine, 4,6-diamino-5-formamidoadenine ve cytosine glycol. Evi- dence on the association of oxidized RNA with the pathogenesis of degenerative diseases is increasing day by day. There are numerous studies showing that RNA oxidation is an early stage situation in the pathological progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, epilepsy, Lewy body dementia, myopathies, different types of cancer, prion diseases, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, xero- derma pigmentosum and atherosclerosis are some of the diseases as- sociated with RNA oxidation. Although there are numerous studies on oxidative damage to DNA, studies on RNA damage are limited. In this review, it is aimed to give information about RNA damage, fac- tors causing RNA damage, RNA damage related diseases, RNA repair mechanisms and toxicological importance of RNA damage.

Özet

Hücrede makromoleküllerin özellikle de nükleik asitler, lipid, protein ve karbohidratların, başta oksidatif stres olmak üzere birçok farklı mekanizmayla hasara uğrayabildiği bilinmektedir. Son yıllarda DNA’nın yanı sıra RNA’nın da oksidatif hasara maruz kaldığı tespit edilmiş ve bu durum RNA oksidasyonunun moleküler ve hücresel dü- zeylerde etki mekanizmasının aydınlatılması ihtiyacını doğurmuştur. RNA hasarları, başta ultraviyole (UV) maruziyeti olmak üzere birçok farklı etmen nedeni ile gelişebilir. RNA’da günümüzde ençok tespit edilen oksidatif hasar 8-hidroksideoksiguanozin (8-OHdG)’dir. Ancak sadece guaninin değil, farklı bazların da hasar görmesi ve buna bağlı RNA hasarının gelişmesi de mümkündür. En sık saptanan diğer hasarlı baz ürünleri ise 8-hidroksiadenin, 2,6-diamino-4-hidroksi-5-formami- doguanin, 4,6-diamino-5-formamidoadenin ve sitozin glikoldür. Ok- side olan RNA bazlarının, dejeneratif hastalıkların patogenezi ile ilişkisi üzerine kanıtlar her geçen gün artmaktadır. RNA oksidasyonunun, özel- likle nörodejeneratif hastalıkların patolojik ilerleyişinde erken dönemde etkili bir durum olduğunu gösteren çok sayıda çalışma vardır. Alzhei- mer hastalığı, Parkinson hastalığı, amyotrofik lateral skleroz, spinal kord yaralanmaları, epilepsi, Lewy cisimcikli demans, miyopatiler, bir- çok farklı kanser, prion hastalıkları, subakut sklerozan panensefalit, kseroderma pigmentozum ve ateroskleroz RNA oksidasyonuyla ilişki- lendirilmiş hastalıklardan bazılarıdır. DNA’nın maruz kaldığı oksida- tif hasar üzerine çok sayıda çalışma bulunmasına rağmen RNA hasarı üzerine çalışmalar sınırlıdır. Bu derlemede RNA hasarı, RNA hasarına yol açan etkenler, RNA hasarıyla ilişkili hastalıklar, RNA onarım me- kanizmaları ve RNA hasarının toksikolojik önemi hakkında bilgi ve- rilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

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Cite This Article

KÖSE, S. B. E., YİRÜN, A., BALCI, A., ERKEKOĞLU, P. (2020). RNA Damage and its Relationship with Pathological Conditions. Literatür Eczacılık Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 9 - Sayı: 2, 184–196. https://ajindex.com/articles/274565

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