Journals / Glokom Katarakt / 2012 / Cilt: 7 - Sayı: 1

A new approach for the treatment of glaucoma; gene therapy

Glokom tedavisinde yeni bir yaklaşım; gen tedavisi

Pages
1–6
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The target tissues of gene therapy are trabecular meshwork, ciliary body, ciliary muscle, retina and optic disk.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Glaucoma is a group of diseases with progressive optic disk and /or visual fields changes.
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Key Findings & Data:Advances in our understanding of the genetic basis of glaucoma include the discovery of 14 linked sites (GLC 1A through GLC 1N) in primary open-angle glaucoma with three genes identified at these loci: myocilin, optineurin, and WDR 36.
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Conclusion & Impact:The target tissues of gene therapy are trabecular meshwork, ciliary body, ciliary muscle, retina and optic disk.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Glaucoma is a group of diseases with progressive optic disk and /or visual fields changes. The mainstay of current therapies (medical, laser, surgery) are focused of lowering intraocular pressure (IOP). The problems and failures with such therapies and the studies on physiopathology and genetics of glaucoma started explorations for new therapeutic modalities. Advances in our understanding of the genetic basis of glaucoma include the discovery of 14 linked sites (GLC 1A through GLC 1N) in primary open-angle glaucoma with three genes identified at these loci: myocilin, optineurin, and WDR 36. In the secondary glaucomas such as pseudoexfoliation syndromes, LOXL1 gene polymorphisms have been identified. Gene therapy can be used to replace a mutated gene that causes disease with a healthy copy of the gene, to inactivate or wipe out the aberrant gene that is responsible for the disease. This therapy can also be used to add or remove genes that are indirectly related to the pathophysiology of the disease. Ocular gene therapy can also provide the advantage of delivery of genes that express therapeutic proteins in a localized and sustained way. Gene therapy studies for the treatment of glaucoma are focused on lowering intraocular pressure and neuroprotection. An ideal gene delivery system is one that is able to efficiently deliver the genes to the target tissue with specificity and safety. Both viral and nonviral vector delivery systems have been tested in the animal eyes. The target tissues of gene therapy are trabecular meshwork, ciliary body, ciliary muscle, retina and optic disk.

Özet

Glokom, optik sinir başında ve/veya görme alanında ilerleyici değişikliklerle seyreden bir grup göz hastalığıdır. Halen mevcut olan tedaviler (ilaç tedavisi, lazer tedavisi, cerrahi tedavi) göz içi basıncı (GİB)'nı düşürmeye odaklanmıştır. Ancak bu tedavilerin her olguya tam cevap verememesi, tedavi ile yaşanan sorunlar ve glokomun patofizyolojisi ve genetiği üzerinde yapılan çalışmalar yeni tedavi seçenekleri arayışını başlatmıştır. Glokomun genetiğini anlamamızda yardımcı gelişmeler primer açık açılı glokomda 14 bağlantılı bölge (GLC 1A dan GLC 1N‘ye kadar) ve bu loküslerde tespit edilen myosilin, optinörin ve WDR 36 adlı 3 adet gendir. Psödoeksfolyasyon glokomunda ise LOXL1 gen polimorfizmleri bulunmuştur. Gen tedavisinde mutasyona uğramış hastalıktan sorumlu gen direkt sağlıklı gen kopyasıyla değiştirilebilir, inaktive edilebilir veya tamamen ortadan kaldırılabilir. Yine bu tedavide endirekt olarak hastalığın patofizyolojisi ile alakalı genler eklenip çıkartılabilir. Oküler gen tedavisi tedavi edici proteinlerin üretiminden sorumlu genlerin göze sınırlandırılmış ve sürekli verimini de sağlayabilir. Gen tedavi çalışmaları glokom tedavisinde temel olarak GİB'nı düşürmeyi ve nöron korunmasını hedeflemektedir. İdeal gen sağlama sistemi çok özel ve güvenli olarak hedef dokuya etkili bir şekilde gen sağlayan sistemdir. Yapılan hayvan deneylerinde hem viral hem viral olmayan vektörler denenmiştir. Gen tedavisinin hedef dokuları trabeküler ağ, silyer cisim, silyer kas, retina ve optik sinirdir.

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Cite This Article

ÖNCEL, B., PINARCI, E., AKOVA, Y. A. (2012). A new approach for the treatment of glaucoma; gene therapy. Glokom Katarakt, Cilt: 7 - Sayı: 1, 1–6. https://ajindex.com/articles/226476

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