Journals / Journal of Turkish Spinal Surgery / 2013 / Cilt: 24 - Sayı: 3

The evaluation of the spinal and other system pathologies in the early onset scolisis patients

Erken başlangıçlı skolyoz hastalarında karşılaşılan omurga ve diğer sistem patolojilerinin değerlendirilmesi

Pages
199–212
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In addition to careful clinical and radiologic investigations, with an early MRI we can understand better the other anomalies that are seen together.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Aim and Purpose: It is very diffi cult to manage the treatment of early onset scoliosis (EOS).
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Key Findings & Data:Material and Method: We evaluated 62 EOS patients (with 26 congenital, 21 neuromuscular, 10 syndrome and 5 idiopathic reasons) whose spines were investigated with MRI that were operated and/or managed due to having scoliosis between the years of 2005- 2011.
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Conclusion & Impact:In addition to careful clinical and radiologic investigations, with an early MRI we can understand better the other anomalies that are seen together.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2005- 2011 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Aim and Purpose: It is very diffi cult to manage the treatment of early onset scoliosis (EOS). It is necessary to start the diagnosis and treatment of patients with EOS as early as possible and to plan the treatment well. We investigated the pathologies seen in spinal, orthopedic, cardiovascular and the other organ systems caused by diff erent etiologies in EOS with the help of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and other diagnostic methods based on etiologic reasons. Material and Method: We evaluated 62 EOS patients (with 26 congenital, 21 neuromuscular, 10 syndrome and 5 idiopathic reasons) whose spines were investigated with MRI that were operated and/or managed due to having scoliosis between the years of 2005- 2011. The evaluation mean age with MRI was about 4.3 years (3 months-11 years 10 months) and 38 of them were females and 24 of whom were males. In all patients, we investigated the intraspinal, extraspinal and additional organ anomalies with MRI. We measured the coronal and sagittal plain deformity of the spine with the Cobb method. We also investigated the orthopedic pathologies clinically, radiologically and the additional organ anomalies with abdominal ultrasound and echocardiogram. Results: We found intraspinal anomalies in 48 patients (77.4%), intraspinal anomalies in 46 patients (74.1%), and additional organ anomalies in 9 patients (14.5%). We saw 98 intraspinal and 101 extraspinal pathologies with MRI. When evaluated according to the spinal regions, 50 (80.6%) patients had thoracic, 38 (61%) had lumbar, 28 (45%) cervical, 4 (6.4%) sacral areas. There was syringomyelia at most as intraspinal anomalies in 54.8% (34 patients). We found intraspinal anomalies in neuromuscular scoliosis mostly 55.1% (54 pathologies). The most extraspinal was hemivertebra 38.7% (in 24 patients) and the most frequent was congenital scoliosis 62.37% (63 pathologies). The mean Cobb angle in all cases was measured as 46.6° (10-113°). We found kyphosis increase in 18 (29%) cases and lordosis increase in 4 (6.4%) cases. Additionally in 37 (59.6%) patients 56 orthopedic pathologies were found. The problems seen together most were motor weakness in lower extremities in 12 patients (21%), hip dysplasia in 9 (16%) patients and thorax deformities in 9 (16%) patients. Orthopedic pathologies were seen in neuromuscular scoliosis in 19 (32%) patients. We found cardiovascular anomalies in 7 (11.2%) patients (at most ASD), urogenital anomalies in 11 (17.74%) patients (at most bowel and bladder incontinence), other organic defects in 12 (%19.35) patients (at most inguinal hernia). 33 (53.2%) patients were operated. 18 (29%) of them had been operated before because of intraspinal anomaly, 15 (24.1%) were operated due to orthopedic or other organ anomalies, only in 7 (11.2%) cases VEPTR (4), growing rod (1), epiphysiodesis (1) and hemivertebra (1) excision were applied. Discussion: Even though scoliosis has diff erences based on its causes, all spinal and other organ anomalies will probably accompany EOS. While the intraspinal anomaly of the spine is seen in NS, syringomyelia is the most common reason of intraspinal anomalies. The extraspinal anomaly of the spine is CS and the most common cause is hemivertebra. Thoracic vertebra is mostly aff ected. The orthopedic pathologies are mostly seen in NS. As a cardiovascular anomaly mostly ASD is seen together with SS. In addition to careful clinical and radiologic investigations, with an early MRI we can understand better the other anomalies that are seen together.

Özet

Giriş-Amaç: İlerleyici erken başlangıçlı skolyoz (EBS) tedavisinin yönetimi oldukça güçtür. EBS hastalarının tanı ve tedavisine mümkün olduğunca erken başlanması ve çok iyi planlanması gereklidir. Çalışmamızda EBS da farklı etiyolojilerin neden olduğu spinal, ortopedik, kardiovasküler ve diğer organ sistemlerinde karşılaşılan patolojiler manyetik rezonans (MRG) ve diğer tanı yöntemleri yardımı ile etiyolojik nedenlere göre incelendi. Materyal ve Metod: 2005-2011 arası EBS olan, skolyoz nedeniyle opere ve/veya takip edilen tüm omurgası MRG ile incelenmiş 62 hasta (26 konjenital, 21 nöromuskuler, 10 sendrom ve 5 idiopatik nedenlere bağlı) değerlendirildi. MRG ile inceleme yaşı ortalama 4.3 yıl (3 ay-11 yıl 10 ay) ve cinsiyet 38 kız, 24 erkek idi. Tüm hastalarda MRG ile intraspinal, ekstraspinal ve ilave organ anomalileri araştırıldı. Omurganın koronal ve sagittal plan deformitesi Cobb metodu ile ölçüldü. Ortopedik patolojileri klinik ve radyolojik olarak, diğer organ anomalileri ise batın ultrasonografisi ve ekokardiyografi yardımı ile araştırıldı. Sonuçlar: MRG ile incelemede intraspinal anomali 48 (%77.4), ekstraspinal anomali 46 (%74.1), ek organ anomalisi 9 (%14.5) hastada tespit edildi. MRG ile 62 hastada 98 intraspinal, 101 ekstraspinal patoloji görüldü. Bölgelere göre incelendiğinde torakal vertebralar 50 (%80.6), lomber 38 (%61), servikal 28 (%45), sakral 4 (%6.4) olguda etkilenmişti. İntraspinal anomali olarak en fazla syringomyeli %54.8 (34 hastada) görüldü. İntraspinal anomali en sık nöromuskuler skolyozda %55.1 (54 patoloji) tespit edildi. Ekstraspinal olarak en fazla hemivertebra %38.7 (24 hastada) ile karşılaşıldı. Ekstraspinal anomali en sık konjenital skolyozla birlikte %62.37 (63 patoloji) görüldü. Koronal planda tüm olguların ortalama Cobb açısı 46.6° (10-113°) ölçüldü. 18 (%29) olguda kifoz artışı, 4 (%6.4) olguda ise lordoz artışı tespit edildi. 37 (%59.6) hastada ilave 56 ortopedik patoloji tespit edildi. En fazla birlikte görülen problem alt ekstremitelerde motor kuvvetsizlik 12 hastada (%21), kalça çıkığı 9 (%16) ve toraks deformitesi 9 (%16) idi. Ortopedik patolojiler en sık nöromuskuler skolyoz ile 19 hastada (%32) görüldü. 7 (%11.2) hastada kardiovasküler anomali (en fazla ASD), 11 (%17.74) ürogenital anomali (en fazla idrar/gayta inkontinansı), 12 olguda (%19.35) diğer organik defektler (en sık inguinal herni) tespit edildi. 33 hasta (%53.2) opere idi. İntraspinal patolojileri nedeniyle 18 (%29) hasta daha önce nöroşirürjikal operasyon geçirmişti, 15 hasta (%24.1) ortopedik ve/veya diğer organ anomalileri nedeniyle opere edilmişti, sadece 7 olguda (%11.2) omurga deformitesine yönelik VEPTR (4), uzatılabilir rodlar (1), epifizyodez (1) ve hemivertebra (1) eksizyonu uygulanmıştı. Tartışma: Skolyoz nedenlerine göre değişiklikler göstermekle birlikte EBS da omurganın intraspinal ve ekstraspinal anomalileri ile birlikte diğer organ anomalileri yüksek oranda eşlik etmektedir. EBS da omurganın intraspinal anomalisi en fazla NS da görülürken en sık intraspinal anomali nedeni siringomiyelidir. Omurganın ekstraspinal anomalisi en fazla KS da görülürken en sık neden hemivertebradır. En fazla torasik vertebralar etkilenmektedir. EBS da yüksek oranda ortopedik patolojiler eşlik ederken en sık NS ile birlikte görülür. Kardiovasküler anomali olarak en fazla ASD, en sık SS a eşlik etmektedir. Ürogenital anomali en fazla inkontinans olarak, en sık SS da görülmektedir. Dikkatli klinik ve radyolojik incelemelerin yanı sıra erken MRG analizi ile eşlik eden diğer anomaliler daha iyi anlaşılabilir.

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Cite This Article

BALİOĞLU, M. B., ATICI, Y., ALBAYRAK, A., SAKIZLIOĞLU, S. S., KARGIN, D., TACAL, M. T., KAYGUSUZ, M. A. (2013). The evaluation of the spinal and other system pathologies in the early onset scolisis patients. Journal of Turkish Spinal Surgery, Cilt: 24 - Sayı: 3, 199–212. https://ajindex.com/articles/214369

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