Journals / İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesi Dergisi / 2015 / Cilt: 5 - Sayı: 1

Cytomegalovirus associated diffuse encephalomyelitis in a healthy child

Sağlıklı bir çocukta sitomegalovirüs ilişkili diffüz ensefalomyelit

Pages
69–74
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In conclusion, CMV is one of the etiological factors of diffuse encephalomyelitis in children with normal immune system.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:CMV infections leads to variable clinical conditions in patients with normal immune system and immunodeficiency.
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Key Findings & Data:The ratio of symptomatic infection in patients with normal immunodeficiency is under 10 percent.
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Conclusion & Impact:In conclusion, CMV is one of the etiological factors of diffuse encephalomyelitis in children with normal immune system.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

CMV infections leads to variable clinical conditions in patients with normal immune system and immunodeficiency. The ratio of symptomatic infection in patients with normal immunodeficiency is under 10 percent. Symptomatic patients generally present with mononucleosis-like syndrome, and rarely with organ specific complications involving central nervous system, respiratory system, gastrointesti- nal system, cardiovascular system, hepatic and hematologic system. Central nervous system infections of CMV are more common in patients with immunodeficiency and include encephalitis, ventriculoencephalitis, cerebral mass lesions, transverse myelitis and polyradiculomyelitis. Here, we present a previously healthy 4-year-old boy with CMV infection related diffuse encephalomyelitis because of its rare occurrence. A four-year-old boy was admitted with complaints of progressive weakness in lower extremities, decreased level of consciousness, irritability, urinary retention and constipation. Muscle power was decreased in proximal and distal muscles of legs and deep tendon reflexes could not be elicited in lower extremities. Anti- CMV IgM and IgG were positive and CMV avidity was in grey zone. CSF analysis revealed CMV, HSV1-2 DNA. negativity Brain and spinal cord MRI revealed hyperintense lesions. Gancyclovir and immunoglobulin treatments were started. Pulse methy- lprednisolone was then added to the treatment. The patient was taken into physical rehabilitation for weakness and intermittent catheterization was ordered for neurogenic bladder. In conclusion, CMV is one of the etiological factors of diffuse encephalomyelitis in children with normal immune system. Its diagnosis is challenging and depends on serologic, virologic, radiologic and clinical findings. More information is needed for the best treatment protocol of CMV- related neurologic disorders in patients with normal immune system.

Özet

Sitomegalovirüs (CMV) infeksiyonları immün sistemi normal ve immun yetmezlikli kişilerde farklı klinik tablolara yol açmaktadır. İmmün sistemi normal kişilerde primer CMV infeksiyonunun semptomatik seyretme oranı %10’un altındadır. Semptomatik seyirli olgular sıklıkla mononükleoz benzeri sendrom ile ender olarak santral sinir sistemi, solunum sistemi, gastrointestinal sistem, kardiyovasküler sistem, hepatik ve hematolojik sistemi etkileyerek organ spesifik komplikasyonlara bağlı semptom ve bulgular ile kendilerini gösterirler. CMV’nin SSS infeksiyonları, immün yetmezlikli hastalarda daha sıklıkla görülmekte olup, oluşturduğu klinik tablolar ensefalit, ventriküloensefalit, serebral kitle lezyonları, transvers miyelit ve poliradikülomiyelit olarak sıralanabilir. Bu yazıda tamamen sağlıklı dört yaşındaki erkek hastada CMV infeksiyonu ile ilişkili ortaya çıkan diffüz ensefalomyelit olgusu nadir görülmesi nedeniyle sunulmuştur. Dört yaşında bir erkek hasta alt ekstremitelerde ilerleyici güçsüzlük, bilinç bulanıklığı, irritabilite, idrar retansiyonu ve kabızlık yakınmaları ile hastaneye getirildi. Bacaklarda bilateral proksimal ve distal kas gücünün azalmış olduğu, alt ekstremitelerde derin tendon reflekslerinin alınamadığı belirlendi. Çalışılan anti-CMV IgM ve IgG pozitif, anti-CMV IgG avidite “grey-zone” olarak saptanmıştır. BOS örneğinde CMV DNA ve HSV 1-2 DNA negatif olarak bulunmuştur. Beyin ve spinal kordun MRG’sinde hiperintens lezyonlar gözlenmiştir. Hastaya gansiklovir ve intravenöz immünoglobülin tedavisi başlandı. Tedaviye pulse metilprednizolon ilave edildi. Hastanın fiziksel güçsüzlüğünün devam etmesi nedeniyle fizik tedavi programına alınmış ve nörojenik mesane için aralıklı kateterizasyon başlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, CMV, immün sistemi normal çocuklarda diffüz ensefalomiyelit etkenlerindendir. Tanısı oldukça zor olup, serolojik, virolojik, radyolojik ve klinik bulgulara dayalı olarak tanı konmaktadır. İmmun sistemi normal hastalarda CMV ilişkili nörolojik bozuklukların tedavisi amacıyla en iyi protokolün değerlendirilmesi için daha fazla hasta verisine gereksinim vardır.

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Cite This Article

YİŞ, R., YİŞ, U., ÇARMAN, K. B., GÜNEŞ, N., AKAR, E., DERUNDERE, Ü. (2015). Cytomegalovirus associated diffuse encephalomyelitis in a healthy child. İzmir Dr. Behçet Uz Çocuk Hastanesi Dergisi, Cilt: 5 - Sayı: 1, 69–74. https://ajindex.com/articles/208698

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