Journals / Flora İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi / 2012 / Cilt: 17 - Sayı: 1

The value of galactomannan test in the evaluation of invasive aspergillosis in patients with prolonged febrile neutropenia

Uzamış ateşli nötropenik olgularda galaktomannan ölçümünün invaziv aspergilloz yönünden değerlendirilmesi

Pages
11–17
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

However, with the evaluation of galactomannan test on more proved invasive aspergillosis cases "preemptive" antifungal description would be made exactly and galactomannan test would be more respected.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Introduction: Early treatment and prognosis of galactomannan antijenemia is essential in patients with high risk of invasive aspergillosis.
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Key Findings & Data:Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty six febrile neutropenic attacks belonging to 109 cases between January 2009 and August 2010 were included to the study.
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Conclusion & Impact:However, with the evaluation of galactomannan test on more proved invasive aspergillosis cases "preemptive" antifungal description would be made exactly and galactomannan test would be more respected.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2009 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Nötropeni · Tomografi · x-ışınlı bilgisayarlı

Abstract

Introduction: Early treatment and prognosis of galactomannan antijenemia is essential in patients with high risk of invasive aspergillosis. This prospective observational study was done to evaluate the effect of galactomannan antigen test on diagnosis and antifungal treatment of febrile neutropenic patients who are still having fever despite wide spectrum antibiotic treatment. Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty six febrile neutropenic attacks belonging to 109 cases between January 2009 and August 2010 were included to the study. The patients were mostly with hematologic malignancy, and galactomannan tested because of having fever more than five days despite wide spectrum antibiotic treatment. Cases with another fungal infection diagnosis were not included. All cases were evaluated with high resolution computer tomography parallel to galactomannan antigen test. Results: Sixty three (50%) patients were diagnosed with abnormal finding according to high resolution computer tomography, whereas 57 (45%) were galactomannan positive. One proved, two high probabilistic, four probabilistic, totally 7 (6%) cases were diagnosed as invasive aspergillosis according to EORTC/MSG criteria. Galactomannan sensitivitity was low (43%) but negative predictive value was found high (94%). Specificity increased as galactomannan optic density index limit increased. In galactomannan positive cases, neutropenia level (p= 0.001) and antifungal startup ratio were high (p= 0.007), and antifungal treatment period (p= 0.003) were longer. There was no meaningful relation between galactomannan positivity and abnormal finding at high resolution computer tomography for diagnosis (p= 0.371). "Preemptive" antifungal treatment was started to 63 (50%) of cases, who are prospective candidates for "empiric" antifungal treatment. Conclusion: Although solitary serum galactomannan level sensitivity for invasive aspergillosis diagnosis is low, it has importance as negative predictive value may be high. "Preemptive" treatment based on galactomannan test has decreased antifungal usage to a crucial degree. However, with the evaluation of galactomannan test on more proved invasive aspergillosis cases "preemptive" antifungal description would be made exactly and galactomannan test would be more respected.

Özet

Giriş: İnvaziv aspergilloz için yüksek riskli hasta grubunda galaktomannan antijenemisinin tespiti erken tanı ve tedavi bakımından önemlidir. Geniş spektrumlu antibiyotik tedavisine rağmen ateşi devam eden febril nötropenik hastalarda galaktomannan antijen testinin tanıya katkısını ve antifungal tedavi başlanması üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla bu prospektif, gözlemsel çalışma yürütülmüştür. Materyal ve Metod: Ocak 2009-Ağustos 2010 tarihleri arasında çoğunluğunu hematolojik maligniteli hastaların oluşturduğu ve geniş spektrumlu antibiyoterapiye rağmen beş günden daha uzun süre ateşi devam ettiği için seri galaktomannan testi yapılan, 109 olguya ait 126 febril nötropenik atak çalışmaya alındı. Bir başka fungal infeksiyon tespit edilen olgular çalışma dışında tutuldu. Olgular galaktomannan yanında yüksek çözünürlüklü bilgisayarlı toraks tomografisiyle de değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Olguların 63 (%50)'ünde yüksek çözünürlüklü bilgisayarlı toraks tomografisinde anormal bir bulgu, 57 (%45)'sinde ise galaktomannan pozitifliği tespit edildi. Birinde kanıtlanmış, ikisinde yüksek olasılıklı, dördünde olası olmak üzere toplam 7 (%6) hastada EORTC/MSG kriterlerine göre invaziv aspergilloz tanımlandı. Galaktomannan duyarlılığı düşük (%43) kalırken, negatif prediktif değeri yüksek (%94) bulundu. Galaktomannan optik dansite indeks sınırı yükseldikçe özgüllüğü artmaktaydı. Galaktomannan pozitif olgularda nötropeni seviyesi daha derindi (p= 0.001), antifungal başlanma oranı (p= 0.007) ve antifungal tedavi süresi (p= 0.003) daha yüksekti. Galaktomannan pozitifliği ile yüksek çözünürlüklü bilgisayarlı toraks tomografisinde anormal bulgu tespiti arasında anlamlı bir ilişki yoktu (p= 0.371). Tamamı ampirik antifungal tedavi adayı olan olguların 63 (%50)'üne preemptif antifungal tedavi başlandı. Sonuç: Serum galaktomannan seviyelerinin tek başına invaziv aspergilloz tanısına yönelik duyarlılığı düşük olsa da negatif prediktif değerinin yüksek olması önemlidir. Galaktomannan testine dayalı preemptif tedavi yaklaşımı antifungal kullanımını belirgin ölçüde azaltmıştır. Ancak, galaktomannan testinin daha fazla sayıda kanıtlanmış invaziv aspergilloz olgularında değerlendirilmesiyle preemptif antifungal tanımı tam olarak oluşturulabilecek ve galaktomannan testi daha gerçek yerini alacaktır.

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Cite This Article

DEMİRHAN, G. D., GENÇER, S., ÇAĞ, Y., ÖZER, S. (2012). The value of galactomannan test in the evaluation of invasive aspergillosis in patients with prolonged febrile neutropenia. Flora İnfeksiyon Hastalıkları ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, Cilt: 17 - Sayı: 1, 11–17. https://ajindex.com/articles/199765

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