Journals / SDE Akademi Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3

THE IMPACT OF MONETARY, FISCAL, AND MACROPRUDENTIAL POLICIES ON HOUSING WEALTH: AN ANALYSIS OF TURKEY

PARA, MALİYE VE MAKROİHTİYATİ POLİTİKALARIN KONUT SERVETİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE ÜZERİNE BİR ANALİZ

Pages
534–571
Publication Date
2026-09-22
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The findings indicate that monetary policy has a strong and rapid impact on housing wealth, mainly through the credit channel, although transmission becomes asymmetric when public banks play an active role.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:This study examines the effects of monetary, fiscal, and macroprudential policies on housing wealth in Turkey within an integrated policy-mix framework.
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Key Findings & Data:Using post-2010 data published by the Turkish Statistical Institute and the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, the study applies descriptive analysis to housing sales, the housing price-to-inflation ratio, homeownership rates, and housing-wealth changes by income quintile, evaluating their relationship with the three policy areas.
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Conclusion & Impact:The findings indicate that monetary policy has a strong and rapid impact on housing wealth, mainly through the credit channel, although transmission becomes asymmetric when public banks play an active role.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2010 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Konut Piyasası · Konut Serveti · Konut Sahipliği

Abstract

This study examines the effects of monetary, fiscal, and macroprudential policies on housing wealth in Turkey within an integrated policy-mix framework. In Turkey, due to high and volatile inflation, limited financial depth, and the institutional structure, housing stands out not only as a means of shelter but also as a fundamental means of wealth accumulation and hedging against inflation. Using post-2010 data published by the Turkish Statistical Institute and the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, the study applies descriptive analysis to housing sales, the housing price-to-inflation ratio, homeownership rates, and housing-wealth changes by income quintile, evaluating their relationship with the three policy areas. The findings indicate that monetary policy has a strong and rapid impact on housing wealth, mainly through the credit channel, although transmission becomes asymmetric when public banks play an active role. Fiscal policy operates mainly as a demand- and price-supportive instrument through tax reductions and TOKİ-led housing projects, while macroprudential tools slow credit-driven price growth but lose effectiveness without coordination with monetary and fiscal policy. The distributional impact of rising housing wealth varies across periods, with the nominal wealth gains of 2020–2022 excluding non-owning low-income households and deepening wealth inequality. The study reveals that for housing wealth to develop sustainably and in line with financial stability, monetary, fiscal, and macroprudential policies must be designed with a coordinated, long-term perspective. In this respect, the study offers an original contribution to the literature on housing wealth, macroeconomic policies, and financial stability in developing economies.

Özet

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de para politikası, maliye politikası ve makroihtiyati politikaların konut serveti üzerindeki etkilerini bütünleşik bir politika bileşimi (policy mix) çerçevesinde incelemektedir. Konut, Türkiye’de yüksek ve oynak enflasyon, sınırlı finansal derinlik ve kurumsal yapı nedeniyle yalnızca bir barınma aracı değil, aynı zamanda temel bir servet birikim ve enflasyona karşı korunma aracı olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Çalışmada, TÜİK ve TCMB tarafından yayınlanan 2010 sonrası döneme ait veriler kullanılarak konut satışları, konut fiyat-enflasyon oranı, gelir dilimlerine göre konut sahipliği ve servet değişimi gibi göstergeler betimsel analiz yöntemiyle incelenmekte; bu göstergeler ile para politikası, maliye politikası ve makroihtiyati politikalar arasındaki ilişkiler değerlendirilmektedir. Elde edilen bulgular, Türkiye’de para politikasının konut serveti üzerinde özellikle kredi kanalı aracılığıyla güçlü ve hızlı, ancak kamu bankalarının aktif rolü nedeniyle dönemsel ve asimetrik bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Maliye politikasının vergi indirimleri ve TOKİ uygulamaları yoluyla ağırlıklı olarak talep ve fiyat destekleyici bir rol oynadığı; makroihtiyati araçların ise konut kredisi büyümesini sınırlamada etkili olmakla birlikte, etkinliğinin büyük ölçüde para ve maliye politikalarıyla uyumuna bağlı olduğu ortaya konmaktadır. Bulgular ayrıca konut servetindeki artışın dönemler itibarıyla farklı gelir gruplarını farklı biçimde etkilediğini; özellikle 2020–2022 döneminde nominal servet artışının konut sahibi olmayan düşük gelirli hanehalklarını dışlayarak servet eşitsizliğini derinleştirdiğini göstermektedir. Çalışma, Türkiye örneği üzerinden, konut servetinin sürdürülebilir ve finansal istikrarla uyumlu bir biçimde şekillenebilmesi için para, maliye ve makroihtiyati politikaların eşgüdümlü ve uzun vadeli bir perspektifle tasarlanması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu yönüyle çalışma, gelişmekte olan ekonomilerde konut serveti, makroekonomik politikalar ve finansal istikrar ilişkisine yönelik literatüre özgün bir katkı sunmaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Paydaş, F. (2026). THE IMPACT OF MONETARY, FISCAL, AND MACROPRUDENTIAL POLICIES ON HOUSING WEALTH: AN ANALYSIS OF TURKEY. SDE Akademi Dergisi, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 534–571. https://doi.org/10.58375/sde.1955435

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