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Journals / Bozok Journal of Engineering and Architecture / 2026 / Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1

Effect of initial clearance on the maximum stress in pin–lug joints: A finite element investigation

Pim–Kulak bağlantılarında başlangıç boşluğunun maksimum gerilme üzerindeki etkisi: Sonlu elemanlar incelemesi

Osman Özenç(YOZGAT BOZOK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING-ARCHITECTURE)0000-0003-3455-9411
Mehmet Akif Dündar(YOZGAT BOZOK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING-ARCHITECTURE)0000-0001-5463-6774
Kazım Ercan(YOZGAT BOZOK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING-ARCHITECTURE)0000-0003-1486-5681
Mirali Nuraliyev(YOZGAT BOZOK UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING-ARCHITECTURE)0000-0002-3063-8414
Pages
35–48
Publication Date
2026-06-29
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The results show that clearance has a profound influence on stress behavior: small clearances maintain relatively uniform stress distributions, whereas modest increases trigger a dramatic shift from tensile- to compressive-dominated regions.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:This study investigates the effect of initial clearance on the maximum stress distribution in pin-loaded lug connections, a critical factor influencing joint strength, durability, and design reliability.
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Key Findings & Data:The results show that clearance has a profound influence on stress behavior: small clearances maintain relatively uniform stress distributions, whereas modest increases trigger a dramatic shift from tensile- to compressive-dominated regions.
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Conclusion & Impact:The study provides a quantitative assessment of the interplay between clearance and applied load, offering practical guidance for achieving balanced stress distribution and improving the durability and reliability of lug–pin connections.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Kulak–pim bağlantısı · Boşluk etkisi · Gerilme yığılması

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of initial clearance on the maximum stress distribution in pin-loaded lug connections, a critical factor influencing joint strength, durability, and design reliability. To this end, finite element analysis (FEA) was employed to model round-ended lug–pin joints with varying pin–hole clearances under different applied loads, and parametric simulations were conducted to identify the transition zone where tensile and compressive stresses become comparable. The results show that clearance has a profound influence on stress behavior: small clearances maintain relatively uniform stress distributions, whereas modest increases trigger a dramatic shift from tensile- to compressive-dominated regions. This transition is highly sensitive to applied load, producing nonlinear changes in the location of maximum stress. Larger clearances also lead to highly localized contact stresses, sharply amplifying compressive stresses and highlighting potential hotspots for surface damage, plastic deformation, and fatigue initiation. These findings demonstrate that critical stress behavior in lug–pin joints is dynamically dependent on both geometry and loading conditions, challenging traditional assumptions in joint design. The study provides a quantitative assessment of the interplay between clearance and applied load, offering practical guidance for achieving balanced stress distribution and improving the durability and reliability of lug–pin connections.

Özet

Bu çalışma, pim yüklü kulak bağlantılarında başlangıç boşluğunun maksimum gerilme dağılımı üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Bu etki, bağlantı dayanımı, dayanıklılığı ve tasarım güvenilirliği açısından kritik bir faktördür. Bu amaçla, farklı pim–delik boşluklarına sahip yuvarlatılmış uçlu kulak–pim bağlantıları sonlu elemanlar analizi (FEA) kullanılarak modellenmiş ve uygulanan farklı yükler altında parametrik simülasyonlar gerçekleştirilerek çekme ve basma gerilmelerinin karşılaştırılabilir hale geldiği geçiş bölgesi belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, boşluğun gerilme davranışı üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olduğunu göstermektedir: Küçük boşluklar nispeten düzgün gerilme dağılımlarını korurken, boşluğun bir miktar artması çekme baskın bölgelerden basma baskın bölgelere doğru dramatik bir kaymayı tetiklemektedir. Bu geçiş, uygulanan yüke oldukça duyarlıdır ve maksimum gerilme bölgesinde doğrusal olmayan değişimlere neden olmaktadır. Daha büyük boşluklar ise temas gerilmelerinin oldukça yerelleşmesine yol açarak basma gerilmelerini keskin bir şekilde artırmakta; yüzey hasarı, plastik deformasyon ve yorulma başlangıcı için potansiyel kritik bölgeleri ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu bulgular, kulak–pim bağlantılarındaki kritik gerilme davranışının hem geometriye hem de yükleme koşullarına dinamik olarak bağlı olduğunu göstererek, geleneksel bağlantı tasarımı varsayımlarını sorgulamaktadır. Çalışma, boşluk ile uygulanan yük arasındaki etkileşimi nicel olarak değerlendirerek, dengeli gerilme dağılımı sağlanması ve kulak–pim bağlantılarının dayanıklılık ve güvenilirliğinin artırılması için pratik bir rehber sunmaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Özenç, O., Dündar, M. A., Ercan, K., Nuraliyev, M. (2026). Effect of initial clearance on the maximum stress in pin–lug joints: A finite element investigation. Bozok Journal of Engineering and Architecture, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 35–48. https://doi.org/10.70700/bjea.1914614

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