Journals / Istanbul Kent University Journal of Health Sciences / 2026 / Sayı: 2026

A knowledge-competence gap in rare-disease education among dental students

Diş hekimliği öğrencilerinde nadir hastalık eğitiminde bilgi-yetkinlik uyumsuzluğu

Ezgi Gizem Berkay(İSTANBUL KENT ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİŞ HEKİMLİĞİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-1967-705X
Ata Berk Angı(İSTANBUL KENT ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0009-0002-3297-1920
Pages
105–119
Publication Date
2026-09-24
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Discussion: The findings indicate that a short elective course markedly increases factual RD knowledge but is insufficient to improve students’ perceived clinical preparedness or disease-recognition ability.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Introduction: Oral and craniofacial signs are frequently the presenting or sole manifestation of rare diseases (RD), yet dental curricula rarely address them.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Materials and Methods: In this single-centre, single-arm pre-post study, students enrolled in the 14-week elective “Rare Diseases and Dentistry” completed an identical questionnaire, adapted from Kühne et al., before and after the course (March-June 2023).
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Discussion: The findings indicate that a short elective course markedly increases factual RD knowledge but is insufficient to improve students’ perceived clinical preparedness or disease-recognition ability.
🔬Design:Survey & Empirical Study
📍Scope:2023 Verileri
⚙️Variables:nadir hastalıklar · diş hekimliği eğitimi · müfredat

Abstract

Introduction: Oral and craniofacial signs are frequently the presenting or sole manifestation of rare diseases (RD), yet dental curricula rarely address them. Aim: This study assessed dental students’ RD awareness and the impact of a dedicated elective course on that awareness. Materials and Methods: In this single-centre, single-arm pre-post study, students enrolled in the 14-week elective “Rare Diseases and Dentistry” completed an identical questionnaire, adapted from Kühne et al., before and after the course (March-June 2023). Outcomes were a composite factual knowledge score, self-perceived preparedness, recognition of named RDs, and awareness of RD databases. The pre–post change in the knowledge score was tested using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and item-level changes were tested using McNemar’s test (Holm–Bonferroni-corrected). Results: Of 119 enrolled students, 55 completed both assessments (46.2%; 63.6% female; mean age 22.6 years). The composite knowledge score rose from 1.11±1.24 to 3.96±1.30 on a scale of 6 (Z=-6.30, p<0.001, r=0.85). Self-rated preparedness improved only modestly, and recognition of most syndromic or genetic RDs remained low after the course. Discussion: The findings indicate that a short elective course markedly increases factual RD knowledge but is insufficient to improve students’ perceived clinical preparedness or disease-recognition ability. Conclusion: A short elective course increases RD knowledge but is not, by itself, sufficient to improve perceived clinical competence. RD content should be embedded longitudinally across clinical courses rather than confined to a single elective.

Özet

Giriş: Oral ve kraniyofasiyal bulgular nadir hastalıkların (NH) sıklıkla ilk ya da tek belirtisidir; buna karşın diş hekimliği müfredatlarında bu konuya nadiren yer verilmektedir. Amaç: Bu çalışmada, diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin NH farkındalığı ve bir seçmeli dersin bu farkındalık üzerindeki etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tek merkezli, ön test-son test tasarımına sahip bu çalışmada, 14 haftalık “Nadir Hastalıklar ve Diş Hekimliği” seçmeli dersine katılan öğrenciler, Kühne ve ark.’nın çalışmasından uyarlanan anketi ders öncesinde ve sonrasında (Mart-Haziran 2023) yanıtlamıştır. Sonuç ölçütleri bileşik bilgi puanı, özbildirime dayalı tanı ve tedaviye hazır olma algısı, NH’lerin tanınması ve NH veritabanlarına ilişkin farkındalıktır. Bilgi puanındaki değişim Wilcoxon işaretli sıra testi ile, madde düzeyindeki değişimler ise McNemar testi (Holm–Bonferroni düzeltmeli) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Derse kayıtlı 119 öğrenciden 55’i her iki değerlendirmeyi de tamamlamıştır (%46,2; %63,6 kadın; yaş ortalaması 22,6). Bileşik bilgi puanı 6 üzerinden 1,11±1,24’ten 3,96±1,30’a yükselmiştir (Z=−6,30, p<0,001, r=0,85). Özbildirime dayalı hazır olma algısı sınırlı düzeyde iyileşmiş, sendromik veya genetik NH’lerin tanınma oranı ders sonrasında da düşük kalmıştır. Tartışma: Bulgular, kısa süreli bir seçmeli dersin NH bilgisini belirgin biçimde artırdığını, ancak öğrencilerin klinik hazır olma algısını veya hastalık tanıma düzeyini iyileştirmede yetersiz kaldığını göstermektedir. Sonuç: Kısa süreli seçmeli bir ders ile NH bilgisi artmakla birlikte, klinik yetkinlik algısını artırmada tek başına yeterli değildir. NH içeriğinin tek bir seçmeli derse sıkıştırılmak yerine klinik derslere boylamsal biçimde entegre edilmesi önerilmektedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Berkay, E. G., Angı, A. B. (2026). A knowledge-competence gap in rare-disease education among dental students. Istanbul Kent University Journal of Health Sciences, Sayı: 2026, 105–119. https://ajindex.com/articles/1629766

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (18)

  1. Benz, K., Trapp, R., Voss, M., Hanisch, M., Geisthoff, U., & Jackowski, J. (2022). ‘Awareness and knowledge of rare diseases in German dentists, dental specialists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons: A country-wide survey’, Medicina, 58(8), 1114. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina58081114
  2. Cowpe, J., Plasschaert, A., Harzer, W., Vinkka-Puhakka, H., & Walmsley, A. D. (2010). ‘Profile and competences for the graduating European dentist – update 2009’, European Journal of Dental Education, 14(4), pp. 193–202. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0579.2009.00609.x
  3. Domaradzki, J., & Walkowiak, D. (2019). ‘Medical students’ knowledge and opinions about rare diseases: A case study from Poland’, Intractable & Rare Diseases Research, 8(4), pp. 252–259. https://doi.org/10.5582/irdr.2019.01099
  4. EURORDIS. (n.d.). What is a rare disease? Retrieved August 8, 2023, from https://www.eurordis.org/information-support/what-is-a-rare-disease/
  5. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. (2019). 2018 Türkiye nüfus ve sağlık araştırması. Hacettepe Üniversitesi. http://hdl.handle.net/11655/23356
  6. Hanisch, M., Hoffmann, T., Bohner, L., Hanisch, L., Benz, K., Kleinheinz, J., & Jackowski, J. (2019). ‘Rare diseases with periodontal manifestations’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(5), 867. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16050867
  7. Kühne, A., Kleinheinz, J., Jackowski, J., Köppe, J., & Hanisch, M. (2020). ‘Study to investigate the knowledge of rare diseases among dentists, orthodontists, periodontists, oral surgeons and craniomaxillofacial surgeons’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 139. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010139
  8. Li, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, S., Lu, Z., Zhang, J., Zhou, J., Li, B., & Ou, L. (2021). ‘Rare disease awareness and perspectives of physicians in China: A questionnaire-based study’, Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 16(1), 171. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-021-01788-3
  9. Marwaha, S., Knowles, J. W., & Ashley, E. A. (2022). ‘A guide for the diagnosis of rare and undiagnosed disease: Beyond the exome’, Genome Medicine, 14(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13073-022-01026-w
  10. Mijiritsky, E., Dekel-Steinkeller, M., Peleg, O., Kleinman, S., Ianculovici, C., Shuster, A., Arbel, S., Ben-Ezra, M., & Shacham, M. (2021). ‘ Knowledge and associated factors about rare diseases among dentists in Israel: A cross sectional survey’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(13), 6830. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18136830
  11. Mizoguchi, H., Yamanaka, T., & Kano, S. (2016). ‘Research and drug development activities in rare diseases: Differences between Japan and Europe regarding influence of prevalence’, Drug Discovery Today, 21(10), pp. 1681–1689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2016.06.014
  12. Moliner, A. M., & Waligora, J. (2017). The European Union policy in the field of rare diseases. In M. Posada De La Paz, D. Taruscio, & S. C. Groft (Eds.), Rare diseases epidemiology: Update and overview (Vol. 1031, pp. 561–587). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67144-4_30
  13. Ramalle-Gómara, E., Domínguez-Garrido, E., Gómez-Eguílaz, M., Marzo-Sola, M. E., Ramón-Trapero, J. L., & Gil-de-Gómez, J. (2020). ‘Education and information needs for physicians about rare diseases in Spain’, Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 15(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-019-1285-0
  14. Satman, İ., Güdük, Ö., Yemenici, M., & Ertürk, N. (2019). Nadir hastalıklar raporu. Türkiye Halk Sağlığı ve Kronik Hastalıklar Enstitüsü (TÜHKE), TÜSEB. https://www.tuseb.gov.tr/tuhke/uploads/genel/files/haberler/nadir_hastaliklar_raporu.pd
  15. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2023). 2023–2027 nadir hastalıklar sağlık strateji belgesi ve eylem planı. https://shgm.saglik.gov.tr/TR-101118/2023---2027-nadir-hastaliklar-saglik-strateji-belgesi-ve-eylem-plani.html TÜİK. (2023). Dünya nüfus günü, 2023. Retrieved August 8, 2023, from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Dunya-Nufus-Gunu-2023-49688
  16. Vandeborne, L., Van Overbeeke, E., Dooms, M., De Beleyr, B., & Huys, I. (2019). ‘Information needs of physicians regarding the diagnosis of rare diseases: A questionnaire-based study in Belgium’, Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 14(1), 99. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-019-1075-8
  17. Walkowiak, D., & Domaradzki, J. (2020). ‘Needs assessment study of rare diseases education for nurses and nursing students in Poland’, Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 15(1), 167. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-020-01432-6
  18. Walkowiak, D., & Domaradzki, J. (2021). ‘Are rare diseases overlooked by medical education? Awareness of rare diseases among physicians in Poland: An explanatory study’, Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 16(1), 400. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-021-02023-9