Journals / Turizm ve İşletme Bilimleri Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

A Bibliometric Analysis of Academic Research on Metaverse Tourism: Focusing on Sense of Presence and Experience

METAVERSE TURİZMİ KONULU AKADEMİK ÇALIŞMALARIN BİBLİYOMETRİK ANALİZİ: MEVCUDİYET DUYGUSU VE DENEYİM ODAKLI

Pages
149–166
Publication Date
2026-08-18
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This study provides a comprehensive and quantitative map of the Metaverse tourism literature, identifying future research gaps and offering strategic roadmaps for industry professionals.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The Metaverse, the final stage of the disruptive transformation brought about by digital technologies in the tourism sector, has rapidly become a rising research area in academic literature.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The main objective of this study is to map the development, structure, and main trends of academic publications on Metaverse tourism between 2022 and 2025 using bibliometric analysis.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:This study provides a comprehensive and quantitative map of the Metaverse tourism literature, identifying future research gaps and offering strategic roadmaps for industry professionals.
🔬Design:Derleme
📍Scope:2022 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Metaverse Turizmi · Bibliyometrik Analiz · Mevcudiyet Duygusu

Abstract

The Metaverse, the final stage of the disruptive transformation brought about by digital technologies in the tourism sector, has rapidly become a rising research area in academic literature. The main objective of this study is to map the development, structure, and main trends of academic publications on Metaverse tourism between 2022 and 2025 using bibliometric analysis. Specifically, the evolution of the Sense of Presence and Experience-Oriented approaches, which play a critical role in the success of virtual tourism experiences, has been examined. Analyses conducted on publications obtained from the Web of Science and Scopus databases reveal that the number of publications in the field shows an exponential growth trend and that the focus of research has shifted from technology to the psychological foundations of user experience. The thematic clustering analysis demonstrates that the literature is built upon three main pillars: Technological Acceptance, Experience and Sense of Presence, and Application Areas. The findings prove that the Sense of Presence concept is the most central and highly cited theme in the literature, emphasizing the critical role of immersion in the success of virtual tourism experiences. This study provides a comprehensive and quantitative map of the Metaverse tourism literature, identifying future research gaps and offering strategic roadmaps for industry professionals.

Özet

Dijital teknolojilerin turizm sektöründe yarattığı yıkıcı dönüşümün son aşaması olan Metaverse, akademik literatürde hızla yükselen bir araştırma alanı haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Metaverse turizmi konusundaki akademik yayınların 2022-2025 yılları arasındaki gelişimini, yapısını ve temel eğilimlerini bibliyometrik analiz yöntemiyle haritalandırmaktır. Özellikle, sanal turistik deneyimin başarısında kritik rol oynayan Mevcudiyet Duygusu (Sense of Presence) ve Deneyim Odaklı yaklaşımların literatürdeki evrimi incelenmiştir. Web of Science ve Scopus veri tabanlarından elde edilen yayınlar üzerinde gerçekleştirilen analizler, alandaki yayın sayısının üstel bir büyüme eğilimi gösterdiğini ve araştırmanın odağının teknolojiden kullanıcı deneyiminin psikolojik temellerine kaydığını ortaya koymuştur. Tematik kümeleme analizi, literatürün Teknolojik Kabul, Deneyim ve Mevcudiyet Duygusu ve Uygulama Alanları olmak üzere üç ana sütun üzerine inşa edildiğini göstermiştir. Bulgular, Mevcudiyet Duygusu kavramının literatürün en merkezi ve en çok atıf alan teması olduğunu kanıtlamakta, bu da sanal turizm deneyimlerinin başarısında daldırıcılığın kritik rolünü vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Metaverse turizmi literatürüne dair kapsamlı ve nicel bir harita sunarak, gelecekteki araştırma boşluklarını belirlemekte ve sektör profesyonellerine stratejik yol haritaları sunmaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Özyürek, S. G. (2026). A Bibliometric Analysis of Academic Research on Metaverse Tourism: Focusing on Sense of Presence and Experience. Turizm ve İşletme Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 149–166. https://doi.org/10.67539/turibder.1838522

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (25)

  1. Adnan, N., Rashed, M. F., & Ali, W. (2025). Embracing the metaverse: cultivating sustainable tourism growth on a global scale. Current issues in tourism, 28(20), 3264-3283.
  2. Ball, M. (2022). The metaverse: And how it will revolutionize everything, liveright. New York: NY.
  3. Buhalis, D., Leung, D., & Lin, M. (2023). Metaverse as a disruptive technology revolutionising tourism ma nagement and marketing. Tourism management, 97, 104724.
  4. Buhalis, D., Yin, J., & Xu, F. (2025). Metaverse experiences in hospitality and tourism: blending virtuality and reality. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
  5. Chen, J., Wu, X., & Lai, I. K. W. (2023). A systematic literature review of virtual technology in hospitality and tourism (2013–2022). Sage Open, 13(3), 21582440231193297.
  6. Çilesiz, E. & Aydın, N. (2022). Metaverse and tourism: A conceptual approach, Journal of Academic Tou rism Studies 2022, 3 (1), 32-44. doi: 10.29228/jatos.62009
  7. Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information techno logy. MIS quarterly, 319-340.
  8. Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, L., Wang, Y., Alalwan, A. A., Ahn, S. J., Balakrishnan, J., & Wirtz, J. (2023). Metaverse marketing: How the metaverse will shape the future of consumer research and practice. Psychology & Marketing, 40(4), 750-776.
  9. Guttentag, D. A. (2010). Virtual reality: Applications and implications for tourism. Tourism manage ment, 31(5), 637-651.
  10. Jiang, X. (2025). Exploring the Impact of Metaverse Tourism Technology on Alleviating Overtourism: An Integrated Approach Using TAM and TPB. SAGE Open, 15(2), 21582440251344000.
  11. Jin, X. L., Wang, B., Yang, L., Wang, Y., & Zhou, Z. (2025). Sense of presence in metaverse tourism experien ces: scale development and validation. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 125(5), 1732-1766. Kim, J. (2021). Advertising in the metaverse: Research agenda. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 21(3), 141 144.
  12. Linh, N. D. Y., Akram, U., Saha, R., & Lu, J. (2025). Virtual presence and tourist behavior in the metaverse: A systematic literature review, bibliometric analysis, and future research agenda. Acta Psychologi ca, 261, 105858.
  13. Loureiro, S. M. C. (2020). Virtual reality, augmented reality and tourism experience. The Routledge handbook of tourism experience management and marketing, 439-452.
  14. Mystakidis, S. (2022). Metaverse. Encyclopedia, 2(1), 486-497
  15. Pine, B. J., & Gilmore, J. H. (1999). The experience economy: Work is theatre & every business a stage. Har vard Business Press.
  16. Pritchard, A. (1969). Statistical bibliography or bibliometrics. Journal of documentation, 25, 348. Saraiva, B. M. L. (2025). Distancing a Brand. Cases on Effective Digital Marketing for Competitive Organiza tions, 367.
  17. Soyak, S. & Tavman, E. B. (2024). Teknoloji kabul modeli bağlamında sosyal etkinin metaverse teknolojileri ni kullanma niyetine etkisi- Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15(3), 641-661.
  18. Steuer, J. (1992). Defining virtual reality: Dimensions determining telepresence. Journal of communicati on, 42(4), 73-93.
  19. Tan, G. W. H., Aw, E. C. X., Cham, T. H., Ooi, K. B., Dwivedi, Y. K., Alalwan, A. A., & Tan, T. M. (2023). Metaverse in marketing and logistics: the state of the art and the path forward. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 1-15.
  20. Tussyadiah, I. P., Wang, D., & Jia, C. (2017, January). Virtual reality and attitudes toward tourism destina tions. In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2017: Proceedings of the Interna tional Conference in Rome, Italy, January 24-26, 2017 (pp. 229-239). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
  21. Tussyadiah, I. P., Wang, D., Jung, T. H., & Tom Dieck, M. C. (2018). Virtual reality, presence, and attitude change: Empirical evidence from tourism. Tourism management, 66, 140-154.
  22. Yıldız, S. K., & Bozkurt, G. (2023). Sanal gerçekliğin yeni anakarası: Metaverse. Trt Akademi, 8(17), 268-293.
  23. Wu, R., Gao, L., Li, J., Xie, A., & Zhang, X. (2025). Exploring key factors influencing the processual experien ce of visitors in metaverse museum exhibitions: an approach based on the experience economy and the SOR model. Electronics, 14(15), 3045.
  24. Okkay, İ. (2023). İletişim Kuramları Bağlamında Metaverse. TRT Akademi, 8(17), 8-37.
  25. Serçek, S. ve Korkmaz, M. (2023). Turizm Sektöründe Metaverse’ün Kullanımına İlişkin Sistematik Bir Lite ratür Çalışması, Sosyal, Beşerî ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 6(5): 701-721