Journals / İstanbul Antropoloji Dergisi / 2025 / Sayı: 5

The Development of Political Anthropology: The Critique of Political Philosophy and Searching for Paradigm

Siyasal Antropolojinin Gelişimi: Siyasal Felsefenin Eleştirisi ve Paradigma Arayışı

Pages
66–80
Publication Date
2026-05-21
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In light of more than a century of paradigm-seeking within political anthropology, the article seeks to contribute to the literature by making visible its contributions to modern political theory.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:It can be said that political anthropology, in its contemporary sense, is concerned with forging an intellectual reconciliation between homo sapiens and homo politicus.
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Key Findings & Data:The history of political philosophy stretches back 2,400 years to Ancient Greece; the earliest political texts, however, can be traced to the Sumerian era some 5,000 years ago, with the invention of writing.
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Conclusion & Impact:In light of more than a century of paradigm-seeking within political anthropology, the article seeks to contribute to the literature by making visible its contributions to modern political theory.
🔬Design:Teorik Makale
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Siyasal Antropoloji · Siyasal Felsefe · Eleştiri

Abstract

It can be said that political anthropology, in its contemporary sense, is concerned with forging an intellectual reconciliation between homo sapiens and homo politicus. Yet it took twenty-two centuries after Aristotle for such a project to emerge, and at its inception the discipline pursued a markedly different aim. The history of political philosophy stretches back 2,400 years to Ancient Greece; the earliest political texts, however, can be traced to the Sumerian era some 5,000 years ago, with the invention of writing. By the nineteenth century, the accumulated tradition of political philosophy since Aristotle came under perhaps its most profound methodological critique, and the philosophical foundations of political science began to be questioned. From the second half of the nineteenth century onward, the effort to understand and explain “politics” and “the political” was increasingly informed by the perspective and core methods of the then-emerging discipline of Anthropology. It was in this context that political anthropology emerged as a scientific project. As a specialized field within socio-cultural anthropology, political anthropology created new possibilities: it generated fresh arguments for questions long debated in political philosophy, reopened classical concepts for critical examination, and, perhaps most importantly, enabled a rethinking of politics from a new analytical vantage point. This article aims to examine political anthropology, conceived as a critique of political philosophy, by addressing its nature, its emergence, its scientific boundaries, and the extent to which its development has been driven by an underlying search for a paradigm. It also considers what kinds of outcomes the rise and evolution of political anthropology, as a form of scientific dissent, have produced beyond the mere establishment of a new subfield, and how these outcomes have shaped political theory and political philosophy. In light of more than a century of paradigm-seeking within political anthropology, the article seeks to contribute to the literature by making visible its contributions to modern political theory.

Özet

Siyasal antropolojinin, çağdaş anlamıyla homo sapiens ile homo politicus arasında entelektüel uzlaşının sağlanması işi olduğu söylenebilir, fakat bunun için Aristo’dan yirmi iki asır geçmesi gerekecekti ve ortaya çıkışı itibariyle disiplinin çok farklı bir hedefi vardı. Siyasal felsefenin tarihi 2400 yıl önce Antik Yunan’a kadar gider; ilk siyasal metinlere ise yazının icadıyla birlikte yaklaşık 5000 yıl önce Sümer Çağı’ndan itibaren ulaşılabilir. Ancak 19. yüzyıla gelindiğinde, Aristo’dan itibaren gelişen siyasal felsefe birikimi, belki de tarihinin en büyük metodolojik eleştirisine tabi tutulur ve siyaset biliminin felsefi temelleri sorgulanmaya başlanır. “Siyaseti ve siyasalı” anlama ve açıklama çabasına, 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren, o çağ için filizlenmekte olan antropoloji biliminin perspektifi ve temel yöntemi önerilir. Bunun sonucunda bilimsel bir proje olarak siyasal antropoloji doğar. Sosyokültürel antropolojinin bir ihtisas alanı olarak siyasal antropolojinin doğuşu, binlerce yıldır siyasal felsefede tartışılagelen birçok konu için yeni argümanlar üretme, klasik kavramları yeniden tartışma ve en önemlisi de siyaseti yeni bir bakış açısıyla tekrar düşünme fırsatı sunar. Bu makale siyasal felsefenin bir eleştirisi olarak ortaya çıkan siyasal antropolojinin ne olduğunu, ortaya çıkışını, bilimsel sınırlarını ve gelişim sürecinin temelde bir paradigma arayışına dayalı olduğunu tartışmayı hedeflemektedir. Bilimsel bir itiraz olarak siyasal antropolojinin doğuşu ve gelişiminin, yeni bir ihtisas alanının varlığının dışında hangi sonuçlar ürettiği ve bu sonuçların siyaset teorisi ve siyasal felsefe üzerindeki etkilerinin ne olduğu da bu tartışmanın bir parçasıdır. Siyasal antropolojinin bir asrı aşkın paradigma arayışının sonucunda; modern siyasal teoriye katkılarının gözlemlenebilmesi açısından, bu makalede ele alınan tartışmanın literatüre katkı sunması hedeflenmektedir.

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Cite This Article

Eyüboğlu, T. (2026). The Development of Political Anthropology: The Critique of Political Philosophy and Searching for Paradigm. İstanbul Antropoloji Dergisi, Sayı: 5, 66–80. https://doi.org/10.26650/IAR2025.1812126

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