Journals / Çocuk Acil ve Yoğun Bakım Dergisi / 2016 / Cilt: 3 - Sayı: 1

Macrophage Activation Syndrome Secondary to Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Jüvenil İdiyopatik Artrite İkincil Gelişen Makrofaj Aktivasyon Sendromu

Pages
42–45
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Treatment for this life-threatening disease must be started immediately.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Haemophagocytic syndrome (HS) is a life-threatening systemic disease that can be fatal if treatment is delayed.
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Key Findings & Data:A 16-year old female, who had been followed because of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), was admitted to our hospital with joint pain, joint swelling, difficulty in moving the joints, malaise, anorexia, and fever that continued for 3 days.
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Conclusion & Impact:Treatment for this life-threatening disease must be started immediately.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Haemophagocytic syndrome (HS) is a life-threatening systemic disease that can be fatal if treatment is delayed. HS can occur either primarily or secondary to other systemic diseases. A 16-year old female, who had been followed because of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), was admitted to our hospital with joint pain, joint swelling, difficulty in moving the joints, malaise, anorexia, and fever that continued for 3 days. Skin eruptions appeared on the 5th day of onset of fever. Her laboratory findings were as follows: white blood cells: 5,800 /mm3; platelets: 146,000 /mm3; C-reactive peptide: 129 mg/L, erythrocyte sedimentation rate: 17 mm/h; ferritin: >2,000 ng/mL; lactate dehydrogenase: 403 U/L; triglycerides: 127 mg/dL; and fibrinogen: 289 mg/dL. The diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome secondary to JIA was established based on fever lasting longer than 7 days, presence of bicytopenia, elevated laboratory findings (particularly ferritin: >2,000 ng/mL and triglycerides), presence of hemophagocytosis in the bone marrow, and increased liver and spleen size. Although high-dose steroid and cyclosporin treatment was given, plasma exchange was also performed because of persisting fever, bicytopenia, and hepatosplenomegaly as well as increased ferritin and LDH levels of >2,000 ng/mL and 1,372 U/L, respectively. JIA is a major cause of secondary haemophagocytic syndrome. This suggests that clinicians should be aware of the development of macrophage activation syndrome if fever persists in children with JIA. Treatment for this life-threatening disease must be started immediately.

Özet

Hemofagositik sendrom (HS) hayatı tehdit eden müdahalede gecikildiğinde ölümcül olabilen sistemik bir hastalıktır. HS birincil olarak ya da ikincil nedenlerle ortaya çıkabilir. Jüvenil idiyopatik artrit (JİA) ile takip edilen 16 yaşındaki kız hastamız çocuk sağlığı ve hastalıkları polikliniğine eklem ağrılarında artma, eklemlerde şişme, eklemlerini hareket ettirmede güçlük, halsizlik, iştahsızlık ve 3 gündür devam eden ateş yüksekliği şikayeti ile başvurdu. Ateşin 5. gününde yaygın deri döküntüsü olan hastanın tetkiklerinde Wbc: 5.800/mm3, Plt: 146.000/mm3, C-reaktif protein: 129 mg/L, eritrosit sedimentasyon hızı: 17 mm/h, ferritin: >2,000 ng/mL, laktat dehidrojenaz (LDH): 403 U/L, trigliserid: 127 mg/dL ve fibrinojen: 289 mg/dL saptandı. İzlemde ateşin 7 günden uzun sürmesi, bisitopeni, ferritin ve trigliserid değerlerinde artış, kemik iliği aspirasyon incelemesinde hemofagositoz olması, karaciğer ve dalak boyutlarında artış olması üzerine JİA'ya ikincil makrofaj aktivasyon sendromu tanısı kondu. Yüksek doz steroid ve siklosporin tedavisine ragmen ateşi devam eden, bisitopenisi derinleşen ve splenomegalisi artan, ferritin değeri 2.000 ng/mL'nin üzerinde ve LDH: 1.372 U/L olan hastaya plazma değişimi yapıldı. JİA ikincil hemofagositik sendromunun en önemli nedenlerindendir. Bundan dolayı makrofaj aktivasyon sendromunun önemli nedenlerinden biri olan JİA'da ateşin uzun sürdüğü durumlarda klinisyenlerin makrofaj aktivasyon sendromu gelişebileceği konusunda dikkatli olmalıdır. Hayatı tehdit eden bu hastalığın tedavisinin hemen başlatılması gerekmektedir

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Cite This Article

ÖZER, S., HENDEKÇİ, A., KAZANCI, N. Ö., SÖNMEZGÖZ, E., YILMAZ, R. (2016). Macrophage Activation Syndrome Secondary to Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Çocuk Acil ve Yoğun Bakım Dergisi, Cilt: 3 - Sayı: 1, 42–45. https://ajindex.com/articles/160823

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