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Journals / Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

The Effect of Exercise-Based Interventions on Hba1c in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tip 1 Diyabetli Çocuklarda Egzersiz Temelli Müdahalelerin HbA1c Üzerindeki Etkisi: Sistematik Bir Derleme ve Meta-Analiz

Harun Özbey(ERCİYES ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0001-9827-0655
Pages
185–194
Publication Date
2026-08-07
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In clinical practice, the recommendation of high-intensity combined exercise programs lasting at least 24 weeks, with sessions of 60 minutes or more, at least 3 days per week, as a complementary intervention to pharmacological treatment is supported.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:This study aimed to determine the effect of exercise-based interventions on glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes (T1D), and to systematically examine how different types of exercise, intervention duration, and intensity moderate this relationship.
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Key Findings & Data:The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
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Conclusion & Impact:In clinical practice, the recommendation of high-intensity combined exercise programs lasting at least 24 weeks, with sessions of 60 minutes or more, at least 3 days per week, as a complementary intervention to pharmacological treatment is supported.
🔬Design:Lab & Field Experiment
📍Scope:2020 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Tip 1 diyabet · Egzersiz · HbA1c

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of exercise-based interventions on glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in children and adolescents with Type 1 diabetes (T1D), and to systematically examine how different types of exercise, intervention duration, and intensity moderate this relationship. The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, and Google Scholar databases were searched. Intervention studies that applied exercise-only interventions in children with T1D aged 18 years and reported HbA1c as an outcome measure were included. Studies including nutritional interventions, observational studies, review articles, and studies involving adult populations were excluded. Pooled effect sizes were calculated as Hedges' g using a random-effects model. A total of 18 studies (n = 569 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. Exercise interventions produced a statistically significant reduction in HbA1c levels compared with the control group (Hedges' g = -0.38; 95% CI: -0.66 to -0.11; mean difference = -0.62%). Subgroup analyses showed that combined exercise (aerobic + resistance training) yielded the highest effect size (g = -0.63). Interventions lasting 24 weeks or longer (g = -0.92), programs with session durations of 60 minutes or more (g = -0.71), and high-intensity exercise protocols (g = -0.43) were associated with greater reductions in HbA1c. No serious hypoglycemic episodes were reported in any of the included studies. Exercise-based interventions significantly improve HbA1c levels in children and adolescents with T1D. In clinical practice, the recommendation of high-intensity combined exercise programs lasting at least 24 weeks, with sessions of 60 minutes or more, at least 3 days per week, as a complementary intervention to pharmacological treatment is supported.

Özet

Bu çalışma, Tip 1 diyabetli (T1D) çocuk ve ergenlerde egzersiz temelli müdahalelerin glikozillenmiş hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisini belirlemeyi ve farklı egzersiz türlerinin, müdahale süresinin ve yoğunluğunun bu ilişkiyi nasıl etkilediğini sistematik olarak incelemeyi amaçlamıştır. Sistematik derleme ve meta-analiz, PRISMA 2020 kılavuzlarına uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus ve Google Scholar veritabanlarında arama yapılmıştır. 18 yaşında T1D'li çocuklarda sadece egzersiz müdahaleleri uygulayan ve sonuç ölçütü olarak HbA1c'yi bildiren müdahale çalışmaları dahil edilmiştir. Beslenme müdahalelerini içeren çalışmalar, gözlemsel çalışmalar, derleme makaleleri ve yetişkin popülasyonlarını içeren çalışmalar hariç tutulmuştur. Birleştirilmiş etki büyüklükleri, rastgele etkiler modeli kullanılarak Hedges' g olarak hesaplanmıştır. Meta-analize toplam 18 çalışma (n = 569 katılımcı) dahil edilmiştir. Egzersiz müdahaleleri, kontrol grubuna kıyasla HbA1c düzeylerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalma sağladı (Hedges' g = -0,38; %95 CI: -0,66 ila -0,11; ortalama fark = -0,62%). Alt grup analizleri, kombine egzersizin (aerobik + direnç antrenmanı) en yüksek etki büyüklüğünü sağladığını gösterdi (g = -0,63). 24 hafta veya daha uzun süren müdahaleler (g = -0,92), seans süresi 60 dakika veya daha fazla olan programlar (g = -0,71) ve yüksek yoğunluklu egzersiz protokolleri (g = -0,43), HbA1c'de daha büyük düşüşlerle ilişkilendirilmiştir. Dahil edilen hiçbir çalışmada ciddi hipoglisemik olay bildirilmemiştir. Egzersiz temelli müdahaleler, T1D'li çocuk ve ergenlerde HbA1c düzeylerini önemli ölçüde iyileştirir. Klinik uygulamada, farmakolojik tedaviye tamamlayıcı bir müdahale olarak, en az 24 hafta süren, seans süresi 60 dakika veya daha fazla olan ve haftada en az 3 gün uygulanan yüksek yoğunluklu kombine egzersiz programlarının önerilmesi desteklenmektedir.

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Cite This Article

Özbey, H. (2026). The Effect of Exercise-Based Interventions on Hba1c in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Dergisi, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 185–194. https://doi.org/10.48071/sbuhemsirelik.1938758

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