Journals / Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care / 2025 / Volume: 6 Issue: 6

Maternal neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a novel biomarker in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes: a prospective case-control study

Preterm erken membran rüptüründe yeni bir belirteç olarak maternal nötrofil jelatinaz ilişkili lipokalin: prospektif olgu-kontrol çalışması

Verda Alpay(İstanbul Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura Şehir Hastanesi)0000-0002-5937-0220
Fırat Ersan(Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura Şehir Hastanesi)0000-0001-5337-0169
Barış Boza(Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura Şehir Hastanesi)0000-0002-3831-3745
Gülsen Şener(Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura Şehir Hastanesi)0000-0002-2006-2175
Pages
—
Publication Date
2025-12-27
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

While it may not differentiate complicated and non-complicated PPROM, its strong correlation with earlier delivery and lower birth weight highlights its potential utility in risk stratification and clinical management of pregnancies affected by PPROM.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Aims: To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of maternal serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM).
📊
Key Findings & Data:Methods: This prospective case-control study included 100 pregnant women: 50 with PPROM between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation and 50 gestation-matched healthy controls.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:While it may not differentiate complicated and non-complicated PPROM, its strong correlation with earlier delivery and lower birth weight highlights its potential utility in risk stratification and clinical management of pregnancies affected by PPROM.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes · neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin · preterm birth

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of maternal serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM). Methods: This prospective case-control study included 100 pregnant women: 50 with PPROM between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation and 50 gestation-matched healthy controls. Maternal serum NGAL, white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin levels were measured. Demographic data and perinatal outcomes were recorded. The PPROM group was sub-classified into complicated (n=19) and non-complicated (n=31) groups based on the development of adverse perinatal outcomes. Results: Maternal serum NGAL levels were significantly higher in the PPROM group compared to the control group (456.16±146.4 ng/ml vs. 301.79±89.7 ng/ml, respectively; p<0.001). In the PPROM cohort, NGAL levels showed a significant negative correlation with both gestational age at delivery (r=-0.353, p=0.012) and neonatal birth weight (r=-0.353, p=0.012). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that NGAL was a strong predictor of PPROM. However, there was no significant difference in NGAL levels between the complicated and non-complicated PPROM subgroups (462.8±153.3 ng/ml vs. 431.1±115.1 ng/ml, respectively; p=0.409). Conclusion: Maternal serum NGAL is a promising, non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of PPROM and the prediction of adverse perinatal outcomes, including earlier gestational age at delivery and lower birth weight. Its elevation reflects the systemic inflammatory state inherent to PPROM. While it may not differentiate complicated and non-complicated PPROM, its strong correlation with earlier delivery and lower birth weight highlights its potential utility in risk stratification and clinical management of pregnancies affected by PPROM.

Özet

Amaç: Preterm erken membran rüptürü (PPROM) ile komplike gebeliklerde maternal serum Nötrofil jelatinaz ile ilişkili lipokalin (NGAL) düzeylerinin tanısal ve prognostik değerini araştırmak. Yöntemler: Bu prospektif olgu-kontrol çalışmasına, 24–34. gebelik haftaları arasında PPROM tanısı alan 50 gebe ile gestasyonel yaş açısından eşleştirilmiş 50 sağlıklı gebe olmak üzere toplam 100 kadın dahil edildi. Maternal serum NGAL düzeyleri, beyaz kan hücresi (WBC) sayısı, C-reaktif protein (CRP) ve prokalsitonin düzeyleri ölçüldü. Demografik veriler ve perinatal sonuçlar kaydedildi. PPROM grubu, olumsuz perinatal sonuçların gelişimine göre komplike (n=19) ve komplike olmayan (n=31) alt gruplara ayrıldı. Bulgular: Maternal serum NGAL düzeyleri, kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında PPROM grubunda anlamlı derecede yüksekti (sırasıyla 456.16 ± 146.4 ng/ml ve 301.79 ± 89.7 ng/ml; p < 0.001). PPROM kohortunda NGAL düzeyleri ile doğum haftası (r = -0.353, p = 0.012) ve yenidoğan doğum ağırlığı (r = -0.353, p = 0.012) arasında anlamlı negatif korelasyon saptandı. ROC eğrisi analizi, NGAL’ın PPROM için güçlü bir belirteç olduğunu gösterdi. Ancak komplike ve komplike olmayan PPROM alt grupları arasında NGAL düzeyleri açısından anlamlı fark yoktu (sırasıyla 462.8 ± 153.3 ng/ml ve 431.1 ± 115.1 ng/ml; p = 0.409). Sonuç: Maternal serum NGAL, PPROM’un tanısında ve daha erken doğum haftası ile düşük doğum ağırlığı gibi olumsuz perinatal sonuçların öngörülmesinde umut vadeden, non-invaziv bir biyobelirteçtir. Artmış NGAL düzeyleri, PPROM’a özgü sistemik inflamatuar durumu yansıtmaktadır. Komplike ve komplike olmayan PPROM’u ayırt etmese de, daha erken doğum ve düşük doğum ağırlığı ile gösterdiği güçlü ilişki, PPROM ile komplike gebeliklerin risk sınıflandırması ve klinik yönetiminde potansiyel değerini vurgulamaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Alpay, V., Ersan, F., Boza, B., Şener, G. (2025). Maternal neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a novel biomarker in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes: a prospective case-control study. Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care, Volume: 6 Issue: 6. https://doi.org/10.47582/jompac.1834250

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (14)

  1. Kim HJ, Park KH, Joo E, et al. Expression of inflammatory, angiogenic, and extracellular matrix-related mediators in the cervicovaginal fluid of women with preterm premature rupture of membranes: relationship with acute histological chorioamnionitis. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2023; 89(5):e13697. doi:10.1111/aji.13697
  2. Menon R, Richardson LS. Preterm prelabor rupture of the membranes: a disease of the fetal membranes. Semin Perinatol. 2017;41(7):409-419. doi:10.1053/j.semperi.2017.07.012
  3. Sae-Lin P, Wanitpongpan P. Incidence and risk factors of preterm premature rupture of membranes in singleton pregnancies at Siriraj Hospital. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2019;45(3):573-577. doi:10.1111/jog.13886
  4. Xu L, Yang T, Wen M, et al. Frontiers in the etiology and treatment of preterm premature rupture of membrane: from molecular mechanisms to innovative therapeutic strategies. Reprod Sci. 2024;31(4):917-931. doi:10.1007/s43032-023-01411-9
  5. Kim HJ, Park KH, Kim YM, Joo E, Ahn K, Shin S. A protein microarray analysis of amniotic fluid proteins for the prediction of spontaneous preterm delivery in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes at 23 to 30 weeks of gestation. PLoS One. 2020;15(12): e0244720. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0244720
  6. Feduniw S, Pruc M, Ciebiera M, et al. Biomarkers for pregnancy latency prediction after preterm premature rupture of membranes-a systematic review. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(9):8027. doi:10.3390/ijms24098027
  7. Romejko K, Markowska M, Niemczyk S. The review of current knowledge on neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(13):10470. doi:10.3390/ijms241310470
  8. Jaberi SA, Cohen A, D'Souza C, et al. Lipocalin-2: structure, function, distribution and role in metabolic disorders. Biomed Pharmacother. 2021;142:112002. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112002
  9. Rood KM, Buhimschi IA, Rodewald Millen K, et al. Evidence for participation of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin/matrix metalloproteinase-9 (NGAL•MMP-9) complex in the inflammatory response to infection in pregnancies complicated by preterm birth. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2016;76(2):108-117. doi:10.1111/aji.12523
  10. Sisti G, Rubin G, Zhou C, Orth T, Schiattarella A. Neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin as a predictor of pre-eclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2023;163(1):63-74. doi:10.1002/ijgo.14777
  11. Lu L, Li C, Deng J, Luo J, Huang C. Maternal serum NGAL in the first trimester of pregnancy is a potential biomarker for the prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13: 977254. doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.977254
  12. Vajrychova M, Kacerovsky M, Tambor V, Hornychova H, Lenco J. Microbial invasion and histological chorioamnionitis upregulate neutrophil-gelatinase associated lipocalin in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016;29(1):12-21. doi:10.3109/ 14767058.2014.991305
  13. Skarżyńska E, Jakimiuk A, Issat T, Lisowska-Myjak B. Meconium proteins involved in iron metabolism. Int J Mol Sci. 2024;25(13):6948. doi:10.3390/ijms25136948
  14. Nasioudis D, Witkin SS. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and innate immune responses to bacterial infections. Med Microbiol Immunol. 2015;204(4):471-479. doi:10.1007/s00430-015-0394-1