AI Summary & Key Takeaways
AI InsightThe overall live birth rate was 50.0%, while the live birth rate among cases undergoing IUT was 30.0%.
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Abstract
Aims: To evaluate perinatal outcomes and the need for intrauterine transfusion (IUT) in pregnancies complicated by maternal Parvovirus B19 infection, and to assess the association between maternal serological patterns, fetal anemia, hydrops, and pregnancy outcomes. Methods: This retrospective study included 18 pregnancies with laboratory evidence of acute Parvovirus B19 infection among 387 screened cases between 2021 and 2025 at a tertiary referral center. Maternal infection was defined by serological and/or molecular evidence. Fetal anemia was assessed using middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV). IUT was performed when indicated. Results: Hydrops was identified in 61.1% of cases and fetal anemia in 66.7%. IUT was performed in 55.6% of pregnancies. The overall live birth rate was 50.0%, while the live birth rate among cases undergoing IUT was 30.0%. All intrauterine fetal demises occurred in fetuses with both severe anemia and hydrops, whereas all cases without anemia or hydrops resulted in live birth. Conclusion: Fetal prognosis in Parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy is primarily determined by the development of anemia and hydrops. Although IUT is life-saving, it does not guarantee survival in advanced cases, particularly when severe anemia and hydrops coexist.