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Journals / Journal of Innovative Transportation / 2026 / Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Public transport in transition: Evidence from a multi-dimensional assessment of Makurdi’s mobility challenges

Emmanuel Okechukwu Nwafor(University of Ibadan)0000-0002-5177-4941
Folake Olubunmi Akintayo(University of Ibadan)0000-0001-6494-9811
Inyeneobong Ekoi Edem(University of Ibadan)0000-0001-9800-0575
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-07-01
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Results indicate that operational efficiency (L1 weight = 0.31) is the most influential dimension, with waiting time achieving the highest average score (3.60) and weighted contribution (0.073).

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:This study evaluates the performance of the public transportation system in Makurdi Metropolis using a hybrid Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Min–Max normalization framework, adapted from Gurjar et al. (2020).
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Key Findings & Data:Data were collected from 20 experts comprising transport operators, government officials, and academic researchers.
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Conclusion & Impact:Results indicate that operational efficiency (L1 weight = 0.31) is the most influential dimension, with waiting time achieving the highest average score (3.60) and weighted contribution (0.073).
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2020 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Public transportation · hybrid Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) · Performance indicators

Abstract

This study evaluates the performance of the public transportation system in Makurdi Metropolis using a hybrid Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Min–Max normalization framework, adapted from Gurjar et al. (2020). Data were collected from 20 experts comprising transport operators, government officials, and academic researchers. Five performance dimensions operational efficiency, financial performance, environmental impact, user satisfaction, and transportation infrastructure were assessed using FAHP-derived weights, while Min–Max normalization was applied to standardize service performance scores. Results indicate that operational efficiency (L1 weight = 0.31) is the most influential dimension, with waiting time achieving the highest average score (3.60) and weighted contribution (0.073). However, reliability (3.20), punctuality (3.05), and service frequency (2.90) exhibit only moderate performance. Financial performance reflects strong fare affordability (3.67) but moderate value for money (3.03). The environmental impact dimension performs well, driven by high scores for environmental concern (4.43) and green vehicles (4.07). In contrast, user satisfaction records the weakest performance, particularly in comfort, safety, and accessibility for persons with disabilities. Transportation infrastructure shows moderate performance with notable gaps in pedestrian access and parking facilities. The findings highlight priority areas for improving service quality, infrastructure provision, and sustainable transport planning in Makurdi Metropolis.

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Cite This Article

Nwafor, E. O., Akintayo, F. O., Edem, I. E. (2026). Public transport in transition: Evidence from a multi-dimensional assessment of Makurdi’s mobility challenges. Journal of Innovative Transportation, Volume: 7 Issue: 1. https://doi.org/10.53635/jit.1772060

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