Journals / Çocuk Acil ve Yoğun Bakım Dergisi / 2020 / Cilt: 7 - Sayı: 1

The Old Friend Ruthless Enemy - Theophylline Toxicity: A Case Report

Eski Dost Acımasız Düşman; Teofilin Toksisitesi: Olgu Sunumu

Pages
39–43
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The patient was discharged on fifth day of hospitalization to the pediatric ward.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Theophylline is an old drug of modern medicine.
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Key Findings & Data:A 15-year-old girl with a history of multiple drug intake was admitted to our pediatric intensive care unit due to paracetamol overdose.
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Conclusion & Impact:The patient was discharged on fifth day of hospitalization to the pediatric ward.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Theophylline is an old drug of modern medicine. Theophylline toxicity may develop both with acute or chronic intakes due to its narrow therapeutic index. We present a case of theophylline toxicity because of its severe and lethal cardiac and metabolic toxic effects and good response to extracorporeal and medical therapies. A 15-year-old girl with a history of multiple drug intake was admitted to our pediatric intensive care unit due to paracetamol overdose. Theophylline poisoning was suspected because of clinical signs of tachycardia, tachypnea, agitation and metabolic signs of hyperglycemia, hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia,and hypomagnesemia in the early course of hospitalization and blood sample was taken for the measurement of theophylline blood level. The patient was considered as having theophylline toxicity due to high theophylline blood level (112 μg/mL) and normal paracetamol blood level. The patient was intubated because of clinical deterioration, and midazolam for sedation and fentanyl for analgesia were started. Ventricular extrasystoles were detected and after a bolus injection, lidocain infusion was started. Dexmedetomidine and esmolol for tachycardia and levetiracetam for seizure prophylaxis and electrolyte replacement for metabolic disturbances were started as medical treatments. Continuous venovenous hemodialysis was administered for three days and therapeutic plasma exchange was performed for three times with 4% albumin solution (1.5 plasma volume in the first session) and fresh frozen plasma solutions (second and third sessions with one plasma volume). The patient was extubated on the third day and medical therapies were terminated on the fourth day of hospitalization. The patient was discharged on fifth day of hospitalization to the pediatric ward.

Özet

Teofilin modern tıbbın eski ilaçlarından birisidir. Terapotik aralığının dar olması nedeniyle hem akut alımlarla hem de uzun dönem alımlarla toksisite gelişebilmektedir. Ciddi kardiyak ve metabolik etkilerle ölümcül seyredebilmesi yanında ekstrakorporeal tedavilere iyi yanıt verebilmesi nedeniyle olgumuzu sunmayı amaçladık. Özkıyım amaçlı çoğul ilaç alım öyküsü olan 15 yaşındaki kız olgu parasetamol zehirlenmesi ön tanısıyla yatırıldı. Takibinde erken dönemde gözlenen taşikardi, takipne, ajitasyon gibi klinik bulgular ve hiperglisemi, hipopotasemi, hipofosfatemi ve hipomagnezemisi olan olgunun şüphe üzerine gönderilen kan teofilin seviyesi 112 μg/mL (10-20 μg/mL) olarak geldi. Kan parasetamol düzeyi normal sınırlarda olması nedeniyle hasta teofilin toksisitesi olarak kabul edildi. Hasta klinik bozulma nedeniyle entübe edildi ve midazolam, fentanil ile derin sedasyon uygulandı. Ventriküler ekstra atımları saptanan hastaya lidokain bolus sonrası lidokain infüzyon başlandı. Tıbbi tedavi olarak taşikardi için deksmedetomidin ve esmolol, nöbet profilaksisi için levetirasetam ve metabolik bozukluklar için elektrolit replasmanları uygulandı. Olguya sürekli venö-venöz hemodiyaliz üç gün süreyle, terapotik plazma değişimi de ilk gün 1,5 hacim diğer günler 1 hacim olacak şekilde 3 seans uygulandı. Hasta üçüncü gün ekstübe edildi ve dördüncü günden itibaren tüm tedavileri kesildi. Hasta beşinci günden itibaren çocuk servisine nakledilidi ve sonrasında şifa ile taburcu edildi.

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Cite This Article

KIHTIR, H. S., GÖR, Z., AYGÜN, T. E., ÇELEBİ, E., ARAS, S., KIHTIR, Z. (2020). The Old Friend Ruthless Enemy - Theophylline Toxicity: A Case Report. Çocuk Acil ve Yoğun Bakım Dergisi, Cilt: 7 - Sayı: 1, 39–43. https://ajindex.com/articles/149555

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