Journals / Alternatif Politika / 2016 / Cilt: 8 - Sayı: 2

THE PARADOX OF THE MILITARY REFORM IN THE RUSSIAN AND OTTOMAN EMPIRES: "THE DECEMBRISTS" AND "THE SOCIETY OF SELF- SACRIFICERS (THE FEDAIS)"

RUSYA'DA VE OSMANLI'DA ASKERİ REFORMUN PARADOKSU: "ARALIKÇILAR" (DEKABRİSTLER) VE "FEDAİLER"

Pages
270–299
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In the same century, the Decembrists’ revolt of Russia showed that the reformed military structure which had been established to strengthen the central authority became the focal point of the centrifugal movements, similar to the case of the “Kuleli Incident” in the Ottoman Empire.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Military structures and reforms of the Ottoman Empire and the Tsardom of Russia resemble each other, as well as many aspects of their historical development.
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Key Findings & Data:However, despite the Tsardom’s claims of sharing the European identity since the reform of Petro I in the 18th century, this claim lost its validity due to the lack of any concomitant economic transformation that Europe had experienced in the 19th century.
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Conclusion & Impact:In the same century, the Decembrists’ revolt of Russia showed that the reformed military structure which had been established to strengthen the central authority became the focal point of the centrifugal movements, similar to the case of the “Kuleli Incident” in the Ottoman Empire.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Military structures and reforms of the Ottoman Empire and the Tsardom of Russia resemble each other, as well as many aspects of their historical development. Two states worked to strengthen their monarchies with military reforms through the adaptation of West’s military institutions, weapons and war techniques. They failed in their efforts because they did not manage to perform West’s economic and political transformation. Military reforms that were made without transforming the established order literally led to the emergence of army corps threatening the established order. At this point, the Tsardom of Russia criticized the Ottoman Empire for being late in its military reformation efforts and being non-Western. However, despite the Tsardom’s claims of sharing the European identity since the reform of Petro I in the 18th century, this claim lost its validity due to the lack of any concomitant economic transformation that Europe had experienced in the 19th century. In the same century, the Decembrists’ revolt of Russia showed that the reformed military structure which had been established to strengthen the central authority became the focal point of the centrifugal movements, similar to the case of the “Kuleli Incident” in the Ottoman Empire.

Özet

Tarihsel gelişimleri birçok noktada birbirlerine benzetilen Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ve Çarlık Rusyası, askeri yapıları ve ıslahatları açısından da benzerlik taşımaktadırlar. Monarşik yapıyı, Batı'nın askeri örgütlenmelerini, silahlarını ve savaş tekniklerini örnek alarak, askeri ıslahatlarla güçlendirmeye çalışan her iki devlet, Batı'nın ekonomik ve siyasal anlamdaki dönüşümünü gerçekleştiremedikleri için bu ıslahat çabalarında başarısız kalmışlardır. Düzeni tam anlamıyla değiştirmeden yapılan askeri yenilikler, bir süre sonra düzeni tehdit eden orduların ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır. Bu noktada Osmanlı'yı askeri ıslahat çalışmalarında geç kalmakla ve Batılı olmamakla eleştiren Çarlık Rusyası, 18. yüzyılda I. Petro tarafından gerçekleştirilen reformlarla Avrupalı olduğu iddiasına sahip olsa da, 19. yüzyılda Avrupa'nın yaşadığı ekonomik dönüşümü yaşayamadığı için bu iddiası geçerliliğini kaybetmiştir. Aynı yüzyılda ülkede patlak veren Aralıkçıların isyanı, Osmanlı'daki Kuleli Vaka'sı gibi, merkezi güçlendirmek amacıyla yenilenmiş askeri yapının merkez karşıtı hareketlenmelerin odağı haline dönüştüğünü göstermektedir

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Cite This Article

YAPICI, M. İ. (2016). THE PARADOX OF THE MILITARY REFORM IN THE RUSSIAN AND OTTOMAN EMPIRES: "THE DECEMBRISTS" AND "THE SOCIETY OF SELF- SACRIFICERS (THE FEDAIS)". Alternatif Politika, Cilt: 8 - Sayı: 2, 270–299. https://ajindex.com/articles/149017

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