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Journals / Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi / 2026 / Volume: 45 Issue: 3

Formulation and evaluation of lipid–polymeric hybrid nanovesicles for valsartan delivery: Bridging in vitro and in vivo Pharmacokinetics

Sayani Bhattacharyya(Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy)0000-0002-4013-4316
Maithili Sinha(Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy)0009-0007-5682-4905
Sweta Jha(Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy)0009-0004-6306-7680
Pages
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Publication Date
2025-09-01
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These findings underscore lipid-polymeric nanovesicles as a promising delivery system for poorly soluble drugs like VAS, addressing bioavailability challenges effectively.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Hypertension, a leading global health concern, is associated with severe cardiovascular complications.
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Key Findings & Data:Valsartan (VAS), an angiotensin II receptor blocker, is a preferred antihypertensive medication with limited oral bioavailability (~23%) due to first-pass metabolism and P-glycoprotein (p-gp) efflux.
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Conclusion & Impact:These findings underscore lipid-polymeric nanovesicles as a promising delivery system for poorly soluble drugs like VAS, addressing bioavailability challenges effectively.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Antihypertension · Lipid-polymeric nanovesicles · Valsartan

Abstract

Hypertension, a leading global health concern, is associated with severe cardiovascular complications. Valsartan (VAS), an angiotensin II receptor blocker, is a preferred antihypertensive medication with limited oral bioavailability (~23%) due to first-pass metabolism and P-glycoprotein (p-gp) efflux. This study developed lipid-polymeric hybrid nanovesicles of VAS using Eudragit RL100 and PEG 4000 to overcome these barriers. Lipid-polymeric nanovesicles (P1-P3) were prepared by thin-film hydration combined with solvent evaporation techniques and evaluated for drug entrapment, particle size, zeta potential, and release kinetics. Formulation P3 at Eudragit RL100:PEG 4000 in a 2:1 ratio demonstrated superior entrapment efficiency (76%), nanoscale size (140 nm), and stability, achieving a 6-fold increase in AUC compared to pure VAS. In vitro and ex vivo studies showed sustained release and enhanced intestinal permeation, with P3 achieving a 3.25-fold higher permeability. Pharmacokinetic studies confirmed enhanced bioavailability, reduced clearance, and prolonged retention. These findings underscore lipid-polymeric nanovesicles as a promising delivery system for poorly soluble drugs like VAS, addressing bioavailability challenges effectively.

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Cite This Article

Bhattacharyya, S., Sinha, M., Jha, S. (2025). Formulation and evaluation of lipid–polymeric hybrid nanovesicles for valsartan delivery: Bridging in vitro and in vivo Pharmacokinetics. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Dergisi, Volume: 45 Issue: 3. https://ajindex.com/articles/1489275

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