Journals / Gıda ve Yem Bilimi Teknolojisi Dergisi / 2026 / Sayı: 35

Hazelnut and health: Nutritional benefits and potentical health effects

Fındık ve sağlık: Besin değerleri ve olası sağlık etkileri

Hüdayi Ercoşkun(ARTVIN CORUH UNIVERSITY, SCHOOL OF APPLIED SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF GASTRONOMY AND CULINARY ARTS, DEPARTMENT OF GASTRONOMY AND CULINARY ARTS)0000-0002-1788-8400
Tuğba Demirci Ercoşkun(Mehmet Akif Ersoy Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesi)0009-0007-9661-3336
Pages
30–50
Publication Date
2026-01-29
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalar, fındığın spesifik bileşenlerinin sağlık etkilerini daha ayrıntılı ortaya koymalıdır.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Amaç: Bu derleme makalesinin amacı, fındığın besin içeriği ve potansiyel sağlık faydalarının bilimsel literatür ışığında değerlendirilmesidir.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Literatür taraması yöntemiyle, fındık ve sağlık ilişkisini ortaya koyan klinik çalışmalar, epidemiyolojik veriler ve biyokimyasal analizler değerlendirilmiştir.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalar, fındığın spesifik bileşenlerinin sağlık etkilerini daha ayrıntılı ortaya koymalıdır.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Fındık · besin değerleri · kardiyovasküler sağlık

Abstract

Amaç: Bu derleme makalesinin amacı, fındığın besin içeriği ve potansiyel sağlık faydalarının bilimsel literatür ışığında değerlendirilmesidir. Fındığın kronik hastalıkların önlenmesinde ve genel sağlığın desteklenmesinde rolü incelenmiştir. Literatür taraması yöntemiyle, fındık ve sağlık ilişkisini ortaya koyan klinik çalışmalar, epidemiyolojik veriler ve biyokimyasal analizler değerlendirilmiştir. Fındığın bileşimindeki yağ asitleri, vitaminler ve biyoaktif bileşiklerin etkileri detaylandırılmıştır. Fındık tüketiminin kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, tip 2 diyabet ve bazı kanser türleri riskini azalttığı klinik çalışmalarda desteklenmiştir. Bu faydalar, lipid profili iyileşmesi, antioksidan kapasitenin artması ve inflamasyonun azalması gibi mekanizmalarla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Ayrıca fındığın yüksek kalorili olmasına rağmen, doygunluk hissi yaratması nedeniyle kilo kontrolüne katkıda bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Fındık, zengin besin profili ve sağlık destekleyici özellikleriyle fonksiyonel besinler arasında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Dengeli ve düzenli tüketimi, kronik hastalıkların önlenmesinde faydalı olabilir. Gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalar, fındığın spesifik bileşenlerinin sağlık etkilerini daha ayrıntılı ortaya koymalıdır.

Özet

Amaç: Bu derleme makalesinin amacı, fındığın besin içeriği ve potansiyel sağlık faydalarının bilimsel literatür ışığında değerlendirilmesidir. Fındığın kronik hastalıkların önlenmesinde ve genel sağlığın desteklenmesinde rolü incelenmiştir. Literatür taraması yöntemiyle, fındık ve sağlık ilişkisini ortaya koyan klinik çalışmalar, epidemiyolojik veriler ve biyokimyasal analizler değerlendirilmiştir. Fındığın bileşimindeki yağ asitleri, vitaminler ve biyoaktif bileşiklerin etkileri detaylandırılmıştır. Fındık tüketiminin kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, tip 2 diyabet ve bazı kanser türleri riskini azalttığı klinik çalışmalarda desteklenmiştir. Bu faydalar, lipid profili iyileşmesi, antioksidan kapasitenin artması ve inflamasyonun azalması gibi mekanizmalarla ilişkilendirilmiştir. Ayrıca fındığın yüksek kalorili olmasına rağmen, doygunluk hissi yaratması nedeniyle kilo kontrolüne katkıda bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Fındık, zengin besin profili ve sağlık destekleyici özellikleriyle fonksiyonel besinler arasında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Dengeli ve düzenli tüketimi, kronik hastalıkların önlenmesinde faydalı olabilir. Gelecekte yapılacak çalışmalar, fındığın spesifik bileşenlerinin sağlık etkilerini daha ayrıntılı ortaya koymalıdır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Ercoşkun, H., Ercoşkun, T. D. (2026). Hazelnut and health: Nutritional benefits and potentical health effects. Gıda ve Yem Bilimi Teknolojisi Dergisi, Sayı: 35, 30–50. https://doi.org/10.56833/gidaveyem.1804386

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (72)

  1. Akcan, B., ÖREM, A., Kural, B., YUCESAN, F., & ÖREM, C. (2023). Hazelnut-enriched diet effectively increases lipoproteins' resistance to oxidation in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Food and Health, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.3153/FH22016
  2. Alasalvar, C. and Shahidi, F. (2021). Hazelnut and its bioactive components: An overview of health benefits. Journal of Functional Foods, 83, 104553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2021.104553
  3. Alasalvar, C., Amaral, J. S., Satır, G. and Shahidi, F. (2009). Lipid characteristics and essential minerals of native Turkish hazelnut varieties (Corylus avellana L.). Food Chemistry, 113(4), 919-925. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.08.019
  4. Alasalvar, C., Shahidi, F., Liyanapathirana, C. M. and Ohshima, T. (2003). Turkish tombul hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). 1. Compositional characteristics. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(13), 3790–3796. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0212457
  5. Balakrishna, R., Bjørnerud, T., Bemanian, M., Aune, D., & Fadnes, L. T. (2022). Consumption of nuts and seeds and health outcomes including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and metabolic disease, cancer, and mortality: an umbrella review. Advances in Nutrition, 13(6), 2136-2148. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmac056
  6. Bener, M., Sen, F. B., Onem, A. N., Bekdeser, B., Celik, S. E., Lalikoglu, M. Et. al. (2022). Microwave-assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from by-products of Turkish hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) using natural deep eutectic solvents: Modeling, optimization and phenolic characterization. Food Chemistry, 385, 132633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132633
  7. Bodoira, R. M. and Maestri, D. M. (2020). Phenolic compounds from nuts: Extraction, chemical profiles, and bioactivity. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 68(4), 927-942. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07160
  8. Borres, M. P., Sato, S., & Ebisawa, M. (2022). Recent advances in diagnosing and managing nut allergies with focus on hazelnuts, walnuts, and cashew nuts. World Allergy Organization Journal, 15(4), 100641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.waojou.2022.100641
  9. Brown, R., Ware, L. and Tey, S. L. (2022). Effects of hazelnut consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors and acceptance: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(5), 2880. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052880
  10. Brown, R., Ware, L., & Tey, S. L. (2022). Effects of hazelnut consumption on cardiometabolic risk factors and acceptance: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(5), 2880. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052880
  11. Ceballos, M. F., Enríquez, A. F., Freire, C. E. and Giambanelli, E. F. (2021). Flavanol content and antioxidant activity of hazelnuts from different geographical regions. Antioxidants, 10(2), 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10020290
  12. Ceylan, F. D., Adrar, N., Bolling, B. W., & Capanoglu, E. (2023). Valorisation of hazelnut by-products: current applications and future potential. Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews, 39(2), 586-621. https://doi.org/10.1080/02648725.2023.2225289
  13. Ceylan, F. D., Yılmaz, H., Adrar, N., Günal Köroğlu, D., Gultekin Subasi, B., & Capanoglu, E. (2022). Interactions between hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) protein and phenolics and in vitro gastrointestinal digestibility. Separations, 9(12), 406. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations9120406
  14. Chen, C., Sang, Z., Xie, Q., & Xue, W. (2023). Effects of hazelnut protein isolate-induced food allergy on the gut microenvironment in a BALB/c mouse model. Food & Function, 14(19), 8761-8774. https://doi.org/10.1039/d3fo01255a
  15. Cui, N., Zhao, T., Han, Z., Yang, Z., Wang, G., Ma, Q. and Liang, L. (2022). Characterisation of oil oxidation, fatty acid, carotenoid, squalene and tocopherol components of hazelnut oils obtained from three varieties undergoing oxidation. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 57(6), 3456-3466. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.15669
  16. Damavandi, R., Eghtesadi, S., Shidfar, F., Heydari, I. and Foroushani, A. (2012). Effects of hazelnut consumption on fasting blood sugar, total antioxidant capacity, hs-CRP, and paraoxonase-1 activity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences, 19(1), 40–50.
  17. Damavandi, R., Eghtesadi, S., Shidfar, F., Heydari, I. and Foroushani, A. (2013). Effects of hazelnuts consumption on fasting blood sugar and lipoproteins in patients with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 18(4), 314–321.
  18. D'Anci, K. E., Venter, S. T. and Sherman, T. L. (2006). High-fat and high-carbohydrate diets affect body weight and cardiovascular risk factors in hazelnut-fed rats. Journal of Nutrition, 136(2), 274-280. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/136.2.274
  19. Demirci Ercoşkun, T. (2009). Bazı işlenmiş fındık ürünlerinin raf ömrü üzerine araştırmalar [Doktora tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Bahçe Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı]. Ankara Üniversitesi.
  20. Di Nunzio, M. (2019). Hazelnuts as source of bioactive compounds and health value underestimated food. Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science, 7(1), 17-28. https://doi.org/10.12944/CRNFSJ.7.1.03
  21. Erdal, H., Arslan, M. and Yıldız, M. (2021). Hazelnut-derived bioactive compounds: Effects on cardiovascular health. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 75(5), 789-797. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-020-00742-x
  22. Eslami, O., Khorramrouz, F., Sohouli, M., Bagheri, N., Shidfar, F., & Fernandez, M. L. (2022). Effect of nuts on components of metabolic syndrome in healthy adults with overweight/obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 32(11), 2459-2469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2022.07.011
  23. Evrard, C., Tardy, S. and Lemoine, A. (2020). New insights into the industrial processing and bioactivity of hazelnut by-products. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 44(1), e14889. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.14889
  24. Fang, L., Ren, D., Wang, Z., Liu, C., Wang, J. and Min, W. (2019). Protective role of hazelnut peptides on oxidative stress injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 43(3), e12722.
  25. Feldman, C. and Anderson, J. R. (2015). Effects of hazelnut consumption on lipid profiles and anthropometric measures: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 26(12), 1409-1417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.06.011
  26. Fernández-Rodríguez, R., Martínez-Vizcaíno, V., Garrido-Miguel, M., Martínez-Ortega, I. A., Álvarez-Bueno, C., & Eumann Mesas, A. (2022). Nut consumption, body weight, and adiposity in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrition Reviews, 80(4), 645-655. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuab032
  27. Franco Estrada, Y. M., Caldas, A. P. S., da Silva, A., & Bressan, J. (2022). Effects of acute and chronic nuts consumption on energy metabolism: A systematic review of randomised clinical trials. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 73(3), 296-306. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637486.2022.2065924
  28. Gaikwad, N. J., Narayan, P. and Chavan, J. K. (2016). Hazelnut and its functional components: Recent advances. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 51(6), 1478-1487. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13105
  29. Giannetti, A., Ruggi, A., Ricci, G., Giannì, G., & Caffarelli, C. (2023). Natural history of hazelnut allergy and current approach to its diagnosis and treatment. Children, 10(3), 585. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10030585
  30. Glei, M., Fischer, S., Lamberty, J., Ludwig, D., Lorkowski, S. and Schlormann, W. (2018). Chemopreventive potential of in vitro fermented raw and roasted hazelnuts in LT97 colon adenoma cells. Anticancer Research, 38(1), 83-93. https://doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.12195
  31. Gorji, N., Moeini, R. and Memariani, Z. (2018). Almond, hazelnut and walnut, three nuts for neuroprotection in Alzheimer's disease: A neuropharmacological review of their bioactive constituents. Pharmacological Research, 129, 115-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.003
  32. Guiné, R. P. F. and Correia, P. M. R. (2020). Hazelnut: A valuable resource. International Journal of Food Engineering, 6(2), 67-71. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijfe.6.2.67-72 Hannan, M. A., Hossain, A. F., and Siddiqui, M. N. (2020). Hazelnut dietary fiber and its effect on gastrointestinal health: A review. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 57(4), 1093-1101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483-020-09618-0
  33. Ilikkan, H., Ercoşkun, H., Vural, H., and Şahin, E. (2009). The effect of addition of hazelnut oil on some quality characteristics of Turkish fermented sausage (sucuk). Journal of Muscle Foods, 20(1), 117–127. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4573.2008.00137.x
  34. Jakopic, J., Stibilj, V., and Gligora, K. (2018). Nutritional properties of hazelnuts: Evaluation of minerals, proteins, and fatty acids. International Journal of Food Properties, 21(6), 1231-1244. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2018.1470144
  35. Kamiloglu, S., and Sari, E. (2020). The effect of roasting on antioxidant properties and phenolic compounds of hazelnuts. Antioxidants, 9(6), 475. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9060475
  36. Karaosmanoğlu, H. (2022). Lipid characteristics, bioactive properties, and mineral content in hazelnut grown under different cultivation systems. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 46(7), e16717. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.16717
  37. Köksal, A. İ., Artik, N., Şimşek, A., and Güneş, N. (2006). Nutrient composition of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) varieties cultivated in Turkey. Food Chemistry, 99(3), 509–515. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.07.021
  38. Lanza, M., Pezzarossa, B., and Santoro, R. (2014). Effects of hazelnut consumption on the glycemic index and the antioxidant status of patients with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Food and Function, 5(9), 2311–2319. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4FO00019D
  39. Liu, H., Wang, W., Li, Y., Xu, Y., Chen, X., Zhang, Y., and Jiang, Z. (2021). Characterization and evaluation of antioxidant activity of hazelnut protein hydrolysates. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 56(10), 5271-5278. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.15450
  40. Luvián-Morales, J., Varela-Castillo, F. O., Flores-Cisneros, L., Cetina-Pérez, L., & Castro-Eguiluz, D. (2022). Functional foods modulating inflammation and metabolism in chronic diseases: a systematic review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 62(16), 4371-4392. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.1930219
  41. Maioli, E., Piccinelli, A. L., and Nicoletti, M. (2018). Phenolic compounds from hazelnut (Corylus avellana) and their impact on human health. Antioxidants, 7(3), 62. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox7030062
  42. Mandalari, G., Gervasi, T., Rosenberg, D. W., Lapsley, K. G., & Baer, D. J. (2023). Effect of nuts on gastrointestinal health. Nutrients, 15(7), 1733. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15071733
  43. Mehmet, A., Çetin, F., and Dündar, H. (2020). Antioxidant activity of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) extracts and their potential use in food preservation. Food Control, 112, 107131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107131
  44. Mishra, K., and Tripathi, M. (2016). Comparative study of physicochemical and antioxidant properties of hazelnut (Corylus avellana) oils. Food Chemistry, 194, 863-871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.039
  45. Nair, M., Sankar, D. G., and Krishna, P. (2014). Optimization of extraction conditions and antioxidant activity of hazelnut oil. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 51(12), 3945-3951. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483-012-0350-4
  46. Nawaz, A., and Khalifa, I. (2022). Bioactive phytochemicals from hazelnut (Corylus) oil-processing by-products. In M. F. Ramadan Hassanien (Ed.), Bioactive Phytochemicals from Vegetable Oil and Oilseed Processing By-products (ss. 1-20). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63961-7_26-1
  47. Nijssen, K. M., Mensink, R. P., Plat, J., & Joris, P. J. (2023). Longer-term mixed nut consumption improves brain vascular function and memory: A randomized, controlled crossover trial in older adults. Clinical Nutrition, 42(7), 1067-1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2022.11.017
  48. Nishi, S. K., Sala-Vila, A., Julvez, J., Sabaté, J., & Ros, E. (2023). Impact of nut consumption on cognition across the lifespan. Nutrients, 15(4), 1000. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15041000
  49. Pascual, C., Pérez, D., Fernández, E., and Reyes, M. (2011). Hazelnuts in the diet: Impact on antioxidant status and lipid metabolism. Journal of Nutrition, 141(6), 1200–1207. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.110.134079
  50. Pelvan, E., Alasalvar, C., and Uzman, S. (2012). Effects of roasting on the antioxidant status and phenolic profiles of commercial Turkish hazelnut varieties (Corylus avellana L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 60(5), 1322-1331. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf204386y
  51. Picci, N., and Bartolommeo, G. (2017). Hazelnut and hazelnut products: Evaluation of the nutritional and health benefits. In A. García-Moreno (Ed.), Functional Foods: Concept to Product (ss. 113-138). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351004578-9
  52. Polat, Y., Çelik, F., & Kafkas, E. (2023). The Importance of Fatty Acids in Nuts in terms of Human Health. Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(2), 313-338.
  53. Puscas, A., and Berton, M. (2021). The impact of different roasting methods on the phenolic profile of hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.) and their antioxidant properties. Food Research International, 139, 109865. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109865
  54. Renzo, L. Di, Cioccoloni, G., Bernardini, S., Abenavoli, L., Aiello, V., Marchetti, M., Cammarano, A., Alipourfard, I., Ceravolo, I., and Gratteri, S. (2019). A hazelnut-enriched diet modulates oxidative stress and inflammation gene expression without weight gain. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2019, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4683723
  55. Romero, M. A., Bafundo, A. A., and Figueroa, M. A. (2020). Hazelnut oil supplementation and its effects on lipid profile and markers of inflammation: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 80, 108338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108338
  56. Sánchez-Gómez, J. R., Moreno, J. J., and Martínez, J. (2019). Hazelnut consumption and its association with reduction in cardiovascular risk factors: A meta-analysis. Nutrients, 11(8), 1857. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11081857
  57. Sang, S., Guo, Y., and Lee, S. O. (2017). The evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities of hazelnut kernel extracts. Food Chemistry, 214, 297-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.087
  58. Schmitzer, V., Slatnar, A., Veberic, R., Stampar, F., and Solar, A. (2011). Roasting affects phenolic composition and antioxidative activity of hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.). Journal of Food Science, 76(1), S14-S19. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01898.x
  59. Selli, S., Guclu, G., Sevindik, O., & Kelebek, H. (2022). Biochemistry, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) oil. In Multiple biological activities of unconventional seed oils (pp. 397-412). Academic Press.
  60. Sen, D., and Kahveci, D. (2020). Production of a protein concentrate from hazelnut meal obtained as a hazelnut oil industry by-product and its application in a functional beverage. Waste and Biomass Valorization, 11(10), 5099-5107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-00948-z
  61. Şahin, S., Tonkaz, T., & Yarılgaç, T. (2022). Chemical composition, antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of hazelnuts grown in different countries. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 19(2), 262-270. https://doi.org/10.16930/tekderg.973498
  62. Şeker, M. E. (2023). Elemental analysis and health risk assessment of different hazelnut varieties (Corylus avellana L.) collected from Giresun-Turkey. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 122, 105475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105475
  63. Toker, G., Akin, M., and Kucukcetin, S. (2008). Determination of the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Turkish hazelnut cultivars. Acta Horticulturae, 783, 103–108. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.783.14
  64. Wani, I. A., Ayoub, A., Bhat, N. A., Dar, A. H., and Gull, A. (2020). Hazelnut. In G. A. Nayik & A. Gull (Eds.), Antioxidants in Vegetables and Nuts - Properties and Health Benefits (ss. 379-391). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7470-2_29
  65. Wu, W., Niu, B., Peng, L., Chen, Q., Chen, H., Chen, H.,. & Gao, H. (2023). Recent advances on the effect of nut consumption on cognitive improvement. Food Frontiers, 4(4), 1737-1746. https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.174
  66. Yılmaz, M. A., Dönmez, M. F., and Taşkın, A. (2013). Comparison of the effect of Turkish hazelnut and other nut varieties on cardiovascular risk factors. Journal of Food Science, 78(7), 1166–1173. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12102
  67. Yi, S. Y., Steffen, L. M., Zhou, X., Shikany, J. M., & Jacobs Jr, D. R. (2022). Association of nut consumption with CVD risk factors in young to middle-aged adults: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 32(10), 2321-2329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2022.06.013
  68. Zhang, R., Peng, X., Wang, X., Liu, W., and Zhao, L. (2019). Influence of hazelnut consumption on oxidative stress and inflammation in patients with hyperlipidemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients, 11(5), 1043. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11051043
  69. Zhang, Y., Hu, X., and Zheng, M. (2023). Hazelnut (Corylus avellana) by-products: Functional properties and applications in food science. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 60(4), 2130-2140. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11483-023-06236-5
  70. Zhao, J., Wang, X., Lin, H., & Lin, Z. (2023). Hazelnut and its by-products: A comprehensive review of nutrition, phytochemical profile, extraction, bioactivities and applications. Food Chemistry, 413, 135576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135576
  71. Zibaeenezhad, M. J., & Elyaspour, Z. (2022). Effects of nut consumption on cardiovascular risk factors and coronary heart diseases. Functional Foods in Health and Disease, 12(11), 639-665. https://doi.org/10.31989/ffhd.v12i11.887
  72. Wu, W., Niu, B., Peng, L., Chen, Q., Chen, H., Chen, H.,. & Gao, H. (2023). Recent advances on the effect of nut consumption on cognitive improvement. Food Frontiers, 4(4), 1737-1746. https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.174