Journals / Spor Bilimleri Dergisi / 2017 / Cilt: 28 - Sayı: 4

Mathematical Critical Threshold Concepts

Matematiksel Kritik Eşik Kavramı

Pages
220–236
Publication Date
2018-06-08
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This review was prepared to explain theoretical and practical bases of the criticalthreshold and then, to clarify key points to detect a realcritical threshold.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Critical torque during resistance trainings and itsasymptotic slope constant of time-torque hyperbolicequation as anaerobic work capacity (T’), manifestedan inverse relationship between exercise intensityand time limit.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Those conceptshave given critical threshold (CT) known as a “criticalmetabolic rate”.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:This review was prepared to explain theoretical and practical bases of the criticalthreshold and then, to clarify key points to detect a realcritical threshold.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:VO2’de denge · yavaş komponent · VO2 Steady-state

Abstract

Critical torque during resistance trainings and itsasymptotic slope constant of time-torque hyperbolicequation as anaerobic work capacity (T’), manifestedan inverse relationship between exercise intensityand time limit. In the following years, by meansof the adaptations of these parameters to exercisesperformed with large muscle involvements, criticalpower, critical velocity, and their mathematical functionswere identified as W’ and D’. Those conceptshave given critical threshold (CT) known as a “criticalmetabolic rate”. Mathematically based CT is identifiedas “the highest rate that can be sustained for a verylong time without fatigue”. CT has been based upon aphysiological basis by “the highest exercise intensitythat can be remained a stable O2”. Thereby, CT representsa boundary that separates exercise intensity domainsbetween very heavy and severe. The number ofconstant-intensity exhausted exercises to define theCT mostly vary between three and seven. A numberof exercises within the severe zone that can be causedexhaustion within 1-2 to 10-12 minutes, should be adjustedin order to evaluate a reliable and valid CT. On theother hand, mathematically based CT as a performancecriterion has a lack of accuracy. It was shown thatslow component of O2 may not always reach to O2maxvia exercises to volitional exhaustion performed withsupra-critical threshold. This review was prepared to explain theoretical and practical bases of the criticalthreshold and then, to clarify key points to detect a realcritical threshold.

Özet

Direnç egzersizlerinde kritik tork (KT) ve bu değerin zaman-tork hiperbolik modelindeki eğim sabitini veren anaerobik iş kapasitesi (T’), egzersiz şiddeti ve bitkinlik süresi arasındaki ters ilişkiyi ortaya koymuştur. Sonraki yıllarda, bu parametrelerin büyük kas gruplarının katılımıyla gerçekleştirilen egzersizlere uyarlanmasıyla kritik güç (KG) ve kritik hız (KH) ile bu kriterlere ait fonksiyonlar (sırasıyla W’ ve D’) tanımlanmıştır. Bu kavramlar “kritik bir metabolik oran” olarak bilinen kritik eşik (KE) değerini verir. Matematiksel temelli bu KE, “yorgunluk oluşmadan uzun süreler devam ettirilebilen en yüksek oran” olarak değeridir. Bu değer “VO2’de halen denge görülen (≤2,1 ml O2 dk-1·kg-1 değişim) en yüksek egzersiz şiddeti” olarak fizyolojik bir temele oturtulmuştur. Dolayısıyla KE, çok ağırdan (-very heavy) şiddetli (-severe) egzersiz alanına geçişin sınırı olarak kabul edilir. KE belirlemede kullanılan sabit şiddetli egzersiz sayıları genellikle üç ile yedi arasında değişir. Güvenilir ve geçerli bir KE tahmin etmede seçilecek egzersiz şiddetlerinin, 1-2 dakikadan 10-12 dakikaya değişen sürelerde bitkinlik yaratacak düzeylerde olması gerekir. Ancak matematiksel teorilerle açıklanan KE bir miktar düşük geçerliliğe sahip bir performans bileşenidir. KE üzeri egzersiz şiddetlerinde bitkinliğe kadar VO2’de izlenen yavaş komponentin her durumda VO2maks ile sonlanmayabileceği gösterilmiştir. Bu derleme, ilgili kavramların teorik ve pratik temellerini açıkladıktan sonra, gerçek bir kritik eşik belirlemenin inceliklerini aktarmak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.

🔖

Cite This Article

ÖZKAYA, Ö., BALCI, G. A., ÇOLAKOĞLU, M. (2018). Mathematical Critical Threshold Concepts. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 28 - Sayı: 4, 220–236. https://ajindex.com/articles/147638

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (11)

  1. Barstow, T. J., & Molé, P. A. (1991). Linear and nonlinear characteristics of oxygen uptake kinetics during heavy exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 71(6), 2099-2106.
  2. Barstow, T. J., Jones, A. M., Nguyen, P. H., & Casaburi, R. (1996). Influence of muscle fiber type and pedal frequency on oxygen uptake kinetics of heavy exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 81(4), 1642-1650.
  3. Bearden, S. E., & Moffatt, R. J. (2000). VO2 kinetics and the O2 deficit in heavy exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology, 88(4), 1407-1412.
  4. Beaver, W. L., Wasserman, K., & Whipp, B. J. (1986). A new method for detecting anaerobic threshold by gas exchange. Journal of Applied Physiology, 60(6), 2020-2027.
  5. Belardinelli, R., Barstow, T. J., Porszasz, J., & Wasserman, K. (1995). Skeletal muscle oxygenation during constant work rate exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 27(4), 512-519.
  6. Bergstrom, H. C., Housh, T. J., Zuniga, J. M., Camic, C. L., Traylor, D. A., Schmidt, R. J., & Johnson, G. O. (2012). A new single work bout test to estimate critical power and anaerobic work capacity. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(3), 656-663.
  7. Bergstrom, H. C., Housh, T. J., Zuniga, J. M., Traylor, D. A., Camic, C. L., Lewis J, R. W., Schmidt, R. J., & Johnson, G. O. (2013a). The relationships among critical power determined from a 3-min all-out test, respiratory compensation point, gas exchange threshold, and ventilatory threshold. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 84(2), 232-238.
  8. Bergstrom, H. C., Housh, T. J., Cochrane, K. C., Jenkins, N. D., Lewis Jr, R. W., Traylor, D. A., Zuniga, J. M., Schmidt, R. J., Johnson, G. O., & Cramer, J. T. (2013b). An examination of neuromuscular and metabolic fatigue thresholds. Physiological measurement, 34(10), 1253. Billat, L. V., & Koralsztein, J. P. (1996). Significance of the velocity at VO2max and time to exhaustion at this velocity. Sports Medicine, 22(2), 90-108.
  9. Billat, V., Binsse, V., Petit, B., & Koralsztein, J. J. (1998a). High level runners are able to maintain a VO2 steady-state below VO2max in an all-out run over their critical velocity. Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry, 106(1), 38-45.
  10. Billat, V. L., Richard, R., Binsse, V. M., Koralsztein, J. P., & Haouzi, P. (1998b). The VO2 slow component for severe exercise depends on type of exercise and is not correlated with time to fatigue. Journal of Applied Physiology, 85(6), 2118-2124.
  11. Billat, V. L., Blondel, N., & Berthoin, S. (1999). Determination