Journals / Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 26 Sayı: 4

SHORT-RUN AND LONG-RUN GREEN KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS IN TURKEY

Sedef Akgüngör(DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-5178-8948
Necmettin Çelik(IZMIR KATIP CELEBI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES)0000-0003-0139-7778
Pages
699–710
Publication Date
2026-09-23
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The results demonstrate that a significant long-run co-integration exists only between green technologies and nanotechnology, indicating a successful green transition in this field.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The importance of green economic growth strategies driven by environmentally friendly technologies has gained recognition due to climate change and environmental pollution.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The data consists of patent registrations in green technologies and selected technology fields for the period 1988-2020.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The results demonstrate that a significant long-run co-integration exists only between green technologies and nanotechnology, indicating a successful green transition in this field.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:2020 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Bilgi Yayılmaları · Yeşil Bilgi Yayılmaları · Yeşil Teknolojiler

Abstract

The importance of green economic growth strategies driven by environmentally friendly technologies has gained recognition due to climate change and environmental pollution. In response, countries began to focus on transitioning to competitive, green-based production technologies. Knowledge spillovers, or the transfer of green knowledge between firms, can help measure the effectiveness of such transitions. The aim of this study is to estimate the short-run and long-run spillovers from green technologies to selected technology fields (biotechnology, medical technology, nanotechnology, pharmaceutical technology, and ICTs) using Turkey as a case study. The data consists of patent registrations in green technologies and selected technology fields for the period 1988-2020. The method uses the ARDL Model, with patent registrations in green technologies as independent variables and patent registrations in selected technology fields as dependent variables. The results demonstrate that a significant long-run co-integration exists only between green technologies and nanotechnology, indicating a successful green transition in this field. Positive short-run effects are observed in nanotechnology, ICTs, pharmaceutical technologies, and biotechnologies, though these are still emerging. No significant spillovers are found in medical technologies, highlighting the need to prioritize green transition in the healthcare sector, particularly through waste management and greener medical products.

Özet

The importance of green economic growth strategies driven by environmentally friendly technologies has gained recognition due to climate change and environmental pollution. In response, countries began to focus on transitioning to competitive, green-based production technologies. Knowledge spillovers, or the transfer of green knowledge between firms, can help measure the effectiveness of such transitions. The aim of this study is to estimate the short-run and long-run spillovers from green technologies to selected technology fields (biotechnology, medical technology, nanotechnology, pharmaceutical technology, and ICTs) using Turkey as a case study. The data consists of patent registrations in green technologies and selected technology fields for the period 1988-2020. The method uses the ARDL Model, with patent registrations in green technologies as independent variables and patent registrations in selected technology fields as dependent variables. The results demonstrate that a significant long-run co-integration exists only between green technologies and nanotechnology, indicating a successful green transition in this field. Positive short-run effects are observed in nanotechnology, ICTs, pharmaceutical technologies, and biotechnologies, though these are still emerging. No significant spillovers are found in medical technologies, highlighting the need to prioritize green transition in the healthcare sector, particularly through waste management and greener medical products.

🔖

Cite This Article

Akgüngör, S., Çelik, N. (2026). SHORT-RUN AND LONG-RUN GREEN KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS IN TURKEY. Ege Akademik Bakış Dergisi, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 4, 699–710. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.202600243

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (41)

  1. Adedoyin, F. F., Mavengere, N., & Mutanga, A. (2022). A simulation experiment on ICT and patent intensity in South Africa: An Application of he Novel Dynamic ARDL Machine Learning Model, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 185, 122044.
  2. Aldieri, L. and Vinci, C. P. (2018). “Green Economy and Sustainable Development: The Economic Impact of Innovation on Employment”, Sustainability, 10 (10), 35 - 41.
  3. Aldieri, L., Carlucci, F., Vinci, C. P. and Yigitcanlar, T. (2019). “Environmental Innovation, Knowledge Spillovers and Policy Implications: A Systematic Review of the Economic Effects Literature”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 239 (2019), 1 - 10.
  4. Azmal, M., Kalhor, R., Dehcheshmeh, N., Goharinezhad, S., Heidari, Z. and Farzianpour, F. (2014). “Going toward Green Hospital by Sustainable Healthcare Waste Management: Segregation, Treatment and Safe Disposal”, Health, 6, 2632 - 2640.
  5. Bai, J., Han, Z., Rizvi, S. and Naqvi, B. (2023). “Green Trade or Green Technology? The Way Forward for G-7 Economies to Achieve COP 26 Targets While Making Competing Policy Choices”, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 191 (2003), 1 – 10.
  6. Barbieri, N., Marzucchi, A. and Rizzo, U. (2020). “Knowledge Sources and Impacts On Subsequent Inventions: Do Green Technologies Differ from Non-Green Ones?”, Research Policy, 49 (2), 1 – 17.
  7. Brown, M. J. (2016). An Introduction to CHEM21 Chemical Manufacturing Methods for the 21st Century Pharmaceutical Industries, Green and Sustainable Medicinal Chemistry: Methods, Tools and Strategies for the 21st century Pharmaceutical Industry, Royal Society of Chemistry.
  8. Clark, J.H. (2008). “Introduction”, Handbook of green chemistry and technology. (Eds.): Clark, J. H. and Macquarrie, D. J., John Wiley and Sons.
  9. Colombelli, A. and Quatraro, F. (2019). “Green Start-Ups and Local Knowledge Spillovers from Clean and Dirty Technologies”, Small Business Economics, 52, 773-792.
  10. Danish, D. and Ulucak, R. (2020). “How Do Environmental Technologies Affect Green Growth? Evidence from BRICS Economies”, Science of the Total Environment, 712, 1 – 7.
  11. Demirdöven and Karacar, “Nanotechnology Registrations Enabling Green Buildings and their Effects on Architectural Design”, 8th International Symposium on Architect Sinan, 2013, Edirne.
  12. Diconsiglio J. (2008). “Reprocessing Suds Reduces Waste, Costs”. Mater Management Health Care, 17 (9): 40. Dzwigol, H., Kwilinski, A., Lyulyov, O., & Pimonenko, T. (2023). Renewable Energy, Knowledge Spillover and Innovation: Capacity of Environmental Regulation, Energies, 16(3), 1117.
  13. Feng, W., & Yuan, H. (2025). The Impact of International Technology Spillovers on Digital Inequality in China, Technology in Society, 81, 102864.
  14. Fischer, M. M., & Varga, A. (2003). Spatial knowledge spillovers and university research: Evidence from Austria. The Annals of Regional Science, 37, 303-322.
  15. Global Data Healthcare (2017), “Green Pharma: The Growing Demand For Environmentally Friendly Drugs”, https://www.pharmaceutical-technology.com/comment/commentgreen-pharma-the-growing-demand-for-environmentally-friendly-drugs-5937344/?cf-view, Access Date: 28.07.2024
  16. Jiao, J., Chen, C. and Bai, Y. (2020). “Is Green Technology Vertical Spillovers More Significant in Mitigating Carbon Intensity? Evidence from Chinese Industries”, Journal of Cleaner Production, 257.
  17. JRC (2022). Towards a Green and Digital Future, European Commision, Joint Research Center. Kaiser, U. (2002), “Measuring Knowledge Spillovers in Manufacturing and Services: An Empirical Assessment of Alternative Approaches”, Research Policy, 31, 125 - 44.
  18. Kaiser, B., Eagan, P. D. and Shaner, H. (2001). “Solutions to Health Care Waste: Life-Cycle Thinking and "Green" Purchasing”, Environmental Health Perspectives, 109 (3), 205 - 207.
  19. Kashef, M. and Sabouni, A. (2010). Nanotechnology and the building industry. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Nanotechnology: Fundamentals and Registrations Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 1 (1), 550.
  20. Kharayat, Y. (2012). “Distillery Wastewater: Bioremediation Approaches”, Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences, 9 (2), 69 - 91.
  21. Kumral, N., Çelik, N. and Pirili, M.U. (2024). Yeşil ve Dijital Dönüşüm Süreci: Türkiye’de Genç İşgücüne Yönelik Genel Bir Değerlendirme, (e.d. Çolak, Ö. F.), “İklim Değişimi ve Türkiye Ekonomisinde Dönüşüm”, Efil Yayınevi, Ankara.
  22. Maurseth, P. B., and Verspagen, B. (2002). Knowledge Spillovers in Europe: A Patent Citations Analysis, Scandinavian Journal of Economics, 104(4), 531-545.
  23. Nie, L., Gong, H., Lai, X., Jiang, J. and Dong, S. (2021). “Knowledge Spillovers and Subsequent Innovation in Green Energy: The Role of Public Rand”, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28, 66522 - 66534. OECD Data Explorer, https://data-explorer.oecd.org/vis?df[ds]=DisseminateFinalDMZanddf[id]=DSD_PATENTS@DF_PATENTSanddf[ag]=OECD.STI.STP, Access Date: 14 May 2024.
  24. Pan, X., Wei, Z., Han, B. and Shahbaz, M. (2021). “The Heterogeneous Impacts of Interregional Green Technology Spillover on Energy Intensity in China”, Energy Economics, 96.
  25. Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y., & Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to the Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 16(3), 289–326.
  26. Ponds, R., Oort, F. V. and Frenken, K. (2009). “Innovation, Spillovers and University–Industry Collaboration: An Extended Knowledge Production Function Approach”, Journal of Economic Geography, 10 (2), 231 - 255.
  27. PSB (2023). Twelfth Development Plan (2024 – 2028), Presidency of Strategy and Budget, October 2023.
  28. Radu, L. D. (2014). “Green ICTs Potential in Emerging Economies”, Procedia Economics and Finance, 15, 430 - 436.
  29. Roeth, H. and Wokeck, L. (2011), “ICTs and Climate Change Mitigation in Emerging Economies”, Centre for Development Informatics, Institute for Developmental Policy and Planning.
  30. Seck, A. (2012). International Technology Diffusion and Economic Growth: Explaining the Spillover Benefits to Developing Countries. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 23(4), 437 - 451.
  31. Shang, H., Jiang, L., Pan, X. and Pan, X. (2022). “Green Technology Innovation Spillover Effect and Urban Eco-Efficiency Convergence: Evidence from Chinese Cities”, Energy Economics, 114.
  32. Shengrong, L. and Liangwen, L. (2019). “The Dynamic Effect of International Rand Capital Technology Spillovers on The Efficiency of Green Technology Innovation”, Science Research Management, 40 (3), 21.
  33. Sikder, M., Wang, C., Yao, X., Huai, X., Wu, L., Kwam, F. and Dou, X. (2022). “The Integrated Impact of GDP Growth, Industrialization, Energy Use, And Urbanization on CO2 Emissions in Developing Countries: Evidence from the Panel ARDL Approach”, Science of the Total Environment, 837 (2022), 1 - 16.
  34. Sindhu, R., Kaur, H., Sharma, K., Dora, C. and Batiha, G. (2021). “Green Technologies for Handling and Management of Biomedical Waste”, Green Technological Innovation for Sustainable Smart Societies: Post Pandemic Era, 169 - 189.
  35. Theodore, L. and Kunz, R. G. (2005). “Nanotechnology: Environmental Implications and Solutions”. John Wiley and Sons.
  36. Ünver, S. S. and Kurnaz, I. A. (2020). Biyoteknoloji Çağina Hoş Geldiniz! ABA Yayınevi: İstanbul.
  37. Yakut, Ş.M. and Karataş, M. (2021). “Nanosentezde Yeşil Mühendislik Kavramı ve Çevre Mühendisliğindeki Yeri”, Düzce Universitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 9 (2021): 1267 - 1281.
  38. Yao, V. W. (2006). Intra-industry spillovers and innovation: An econometric analysis at the firm level, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 15(2), 119-135.
  39. Zacharoula, A. (2012). “Green Informatics: ICT for Green and Sustainability”, Journal of Agricultural Informatics, 3 (2), 1 - 8.
  40. Zivot, E. and Andrews, D. (1992). “Further Evidence on the Great Crash, The Oil-Price Shock and The Unit-Root Hypothesis”, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 10 (3), 251 - 270.
  41. Zivot, E. and Andrews, D. (2002). “Further Evidence on the Great Crash, The Oil-Price Shock and The Unit-Root Hypothesis”, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 20 (1), 25 - 44.