SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi / 2026 / Volume: 9 Issue: 2

The Effect of Primiparous Pregnant Women’s Prenatal Attachment Levels on Their Breastfeeding Expectations and Self-Efficacy

Primipar Gebelerin Prenatal Bağlanma Düzeylerinin Emzirme Beklentileri ve Özyeterliliği Üzerine Etkisi

Aybeniz Serin(TARSUS UNIVERSITY)0009-0005-6901-523X
Tugce Sönmez(Tarsus Üniversitesi)0000-0001-9495-526X
Pages
—
Publication Date
2026-07-01
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was found that as pregnant women's breastfeeding self-efficacy and attachment levels increase, their breastfeeding expectations improve positively.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: This study examines the effect of primiparous pregnant women's prenatal attachment levels on their breastfeeding expectations and self-efficacy.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The research was conducted between April and December 2024 with 370 primiparous pregnant women who applied to the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic of Tarsus State Hospital.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was found that as pregnant women's breastfeeding self-efficacy and attachment levels increase, their breastfeeding expectations improve positively.
🔬Design:Survey & Empirical Study
📍Scope:2024 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Breastfeeding · midwife · pregnant woman

Abstract

Objective: This study examines the effect of primiparous pregnant women's prenatal attachment levels on their breastfeeding expectations and self-efficacy. Methods: This study is descriptive and correlational in design. The research was conducted between April and December 2024 with 370 primiparous pregnant women who applied to the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic of Tarsus State Hospital. Data were collected through the "Personal Information Form," the "Breastfeeding Expectations Scale-A (BES-A): A Questionnaire for Pregnant Women," the "Prenatal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (PBSES)," and the "Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI)." Results: The average age of all pregnant women was 24.84±4.25 years. The mean total score of the BES-A was 18.57±5.37, the mean total score of the PBSES was 82.96±7.58, and the mean total score of the PAI was 64.40±7.59. A moderately significant negative correlation was found between the total score of the BES-A and the total score of the PBSES. A weak but significant negative correlation was found between the total score of the BES-A and the PAI. However, no significant relationship was observed between the total scores of the PBSES and the PAI. Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was found that as pregnant women's breastfeeding self-efficacy and attachment levels increase, their breastfeeding expectations improve positively.

Özet

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı primipar gebelerin prenatal bağlanma düzeylerinin emzirme beklentileri ve özyeterliliği üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırma tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tiptedir. Araştırma Nisan-Aralık 2024 tarihleri arasında Tarsus Devlet Hastanesi kadın hastalıkları ve doğum polikliniğine başvuran 370 primipar gebe ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, "Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, " Emzirme Beklenti Ölçeği-A: Gebe Kadınlar, “Prenatal Emzirme Öz yeterlilik Ölçeği ve “Prenatal Bağlanma Ölçeği" kullanılarak toplandı. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan gebelerin ortalama yaşı 24.84±4.25 yıldır. Emzirme Beklenti Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 18,57±5,37, Prenatal Emzirme Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 82,96±7,58, Prenatal Bağlanma Ölçeği puan ortalaması 64,40±7,59 olarak bulunmuştur. Emzirme Beklenti ölçeği toplamı ile Prenatal Emzirme Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği toplamı arasında negatif yönlü orta düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Emzirme Beklenti Ölçeği toplamı ile Prenatal Bağlanma Ölçeği arasında negatif yönlü zayıf düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Prenatal Emzirme Öz Yeterlilik Ölçeği toplamı ile Prenatal Bağlanma Ölçeği arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir. Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda; gebelerin emzirme öz yeterlilikleri ve bağlanma düzeyleri arttıkça emzirme beklentileri olumlu yönde artmaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Serin, A., Sönmez, T. (2026). The Effect of Primiparous Pregnant Women’s Prenatal Attachment Levels on Their Breastfeeding Expectations and Self-Efficacy. Ebelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, Volume: 9 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.62425/esbder.1720008

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (30)

  1. Alan Dikmen, H., & Çankaya, S. (2018). The effect of maternal obesity on prenatal attachment. ACU Journal of Health Sciences, 9(2), 118–123. https://doi.org/10.31067/0.2018.1
  2. Alyousefi, N., Alemam, A., Altwaijri, D., Alarifi, S., & Alessa, H. (2022). Predictors of prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy in expectant mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(7), 4115. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19074115
  3. Avcı, H. (2023). The effect of breastfeeding self-efficacy in pregnant women on attitudes toward infant feeding [Master’s thesis, Denizli Nursing Department, Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Program].
  4. Başar, F. (2023). Investigation of the relationship between pregnant women's prenatal care satisfaction, prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy, and readiness for newborn care [Master’s thesis, Kütahya Health Sciences University].
  5. Başgöl, Ş., & Küçükkaya, B. (2022). The effect of perceived social support on prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy in pregnants in Turkey: A web-based cross-sectional study. Kadın Sağlığı Hemşireliği Dergisi, 8(3), 133–143. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/kashed/issue/73625/1192086
  6. Beheshti, M. A. Z., Alimoradi, Z., Bahrami, N., Allen, K. A., & Lissack, K. (2022). Predictors of breastfeeding self-efficacy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Neonatal Nursing, 28(5), 349–355.
  7. Busonera, A., Cataudella, S., Lampis, J., Tommasi, M., & Zavattini, G. C. (2017). Prenatal attachment inventory: Expanding the reliability and validity evidence using a sample of Italian women. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 35(5), 462–479. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2017.1349896
  8. Corby, K., Kane, D., & Dayus, D. (2021). Investigating predictors of prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research, 53(1), 56–63.
  9. Cranley, M. S. (1981). Development of a tool for the measurement of maternal attachment during pregnancy. Nursing Research, 30(5), 281–284.
  10. Demir Yıldırım, A., & Hotun Şahin, N. (2020). Evaluation of prenatal attachment and risks in high-risk pregnant women. Online Türk Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(4), 661–672. https://doi.org/10.26453/otjhs.750158
  11. Dereli Yılmaz, S., & Kızılkaya Beji, N. (2013). Adaptation of the Prenatal Attachment Inventory to Turkish: Reliability and validity study. Anadolu Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences, 16(2).
  12. Elkin, N. (2015). Prenatal attachment levels of pregnant women and the factors affecting them. Istanbul Gelişim University, School of Health Sciences, 15(24), 230–236.
  13. Fındık, F. Y. (2019). The effect of marital adjustment on prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy in pregnant women (Thesis No: 562924). [Master’s thesis, İnönü University, Institute of Health Sciences]. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp
  14. Gökçe İsbir, G., Kömürcü Akik, B., & Eker, A. (2024). Development and validation of breastfeeding expectations scale-A (BES-A): A questionnaire for pregnant women. Women’s Reproductive Health, 11(3), 667–682. https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2023.2295509
  15. Hamid, S. B. A., & Zaidi, N. M. (2020). Predictors of prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy in Malaysian women: A cross-sectional study. Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan, 15(1), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2020.15.1.53-62
  16. Hannula, L. S., Kaunonen, M. E., & Puukka, P. J. (2014). A study to promote breastfeeding in the Helsinki Metropolitan area in Finland. Midwifery, 30(6), 696–704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2013.10.020
  17. Karakuz Turan, E. (2021). Evaluation of prenatal attachment, anxiety, and breastfeeding intentions in pregnant women who have had COVID-19 [Master’s thesis, Sakarya University, Department of Nursing].
  18. Karpuz, A. A. (2023). Investigation of the relationship between health literacy levels and breastfeeding self-efficacy perceptions in pregnant women in high-risk and non-high-risk age groups [Master’s thesis, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Institute of Health Sciences].
  19. Kaya Şenol, D., & Pekyiğit, A. (2024). The effect of distress experienced during pregnancy on prenatal attachment. Balıkesir Journal of Health Sciences, 13(1), 144–150.
  20. Konukoğlu, T., & Pasinlioğlu, T. (2021). Determining breastfeeding self-efficacy and the factors affecting it in pregnant women. Midwifery and Health Sciences Journal, 4(1), 12–22.
  21. Muller, M. E. (1993). Development of the prenatal attachment inventory. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 15(2), 199–211. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8470375/
  22. Muller, M. E. (1996). Prenatal and postnatal attachment: A modest correlation. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, & Neonatal Nursing, 25(2), 161–166.
  23. Şenol, D. K., & Pekyiğit, A. Ç. (2021). The effect of breastfeeding education given in birth preparation classes on prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy perception in primiparous pregnant women. Bozok Medical Journal, 11(2), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.16919/bozoktip.810983
  24. Sukriani, W., Suryaningsih, E. K., & Lin, N. D. (2020). The relationship of the maternal-fetal attachment and the attitude toward exclusive breastfeeding among pregnant women in Indonesia. Journal of Health Technology Assessment in Midwifery, 3(1), 18–23. https://doi.org/10.31101/jhtam.1324
  25. Thompson, R. A. (2015). Early attachment and later development: Familiar questions, new answers. In J. Cassidy & P. R. Shaver (Eds.), Handbook of attachment (2nd ed., pp. 348–365). Guilford Press.
  26. Turan, Z., Gönül, K., & Arslan, H. (2020). Investigation of the effect of gravidity on perceived social support and prenatal attachment level. Cukurova Medical Journal, 45(3), 1126–1136.
  27. Uyar Hazar, H., & Uzar Akça, E. (2018). Prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy scale: Validity and reliability study. Turkish Archives of Pediatrics, 53(4), 222–230.
  28. Uzel, N. (2023). Attachment. In S. Aktaş, Y. Aksoy Derya, & E. Toker (Eds.), A’dan Z’ye Temel Ebelik (pp. 1209–1218). İstanbul Tıp Kitabevi.
  29. Wells, K. J., Thompson, N. J., & Kloeblen-Tarver, A. S. (2006). Development and psychometric testing of the prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy scale. American Journal of Health Behavior, 30, 177–187.
  30. Wu, Y. H., Ho, Y. J., Han, J. P., & Chen, S. Y. (2018). The influence of breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding intention on breastfeeding behavior in postpartum women. Hu Li Za Zhi, 65(1), 42–50.