The seed size and seed coat ornamentation have been determined as important morphological properties for distinguishing the Lavatera species.
📌 3 Key Takeaways
🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Seed morphology of four Lavatera species distributed in Turkey were investigated via light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to determine their seed macro- and micromorphological characters and to assess the diagnostic value of these features.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The dimension of seeds ranges between 1.68–2.89 mm in length and 1.51–2.4 mm in width.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The seed size and seed coat ornamentation have been determined as important morphological properties for distinguishing the Lavatera species.
Seed morphology of four Lavatera species distributed in Turkey were investigated via light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to determine their seed macro- and micromorphological characters and to assess the diagnostic value of these features. The seeds are dark brown in color and reniform with rounded apex and base reniform in shape. The dimension of seeds ranges between 1.68–2.89 mm in length and 1.51–2.4 mm in width. Also seeds are glabrous, strophiolate and hilum at basal. Two types of seed surface pattern have been observed: scalariform-ruminate and reticulate-ruminate. The seed size and seed coat ornamentation have been determined as important morphological properties for distinguishing the Lavatera species.
Özbek, F., Uzunhisarcıklı, E. (2020). Seed morphological properties of the genus Lavatera L. (Malvaceae) in Turkey. Biyolojik Çeşitlilik ve Koruma, Volume: 13 Issue: 2. https://ajindex.com/articles/1466078
Hutchinson, J. (1964). The genera of flowering plants (angiospermae) dicotyledones. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Heywood, V. H. (1978). Flowering plants of the World. London: Oxford University Press.
Fernandes, R. (1968a). Contribuicoes para o conhecimento do genero Lavatera L. I. Notas sobre algu mas especies. Collectanea Botanica, 7, 393-448.
Fernandes, R. (1968b). Contribuicoes para o conhecimento do genero Lavatera II: Taxonomia. Boletim da Sociedade Portuguesa de Ciências Naturais (ser. 2 a), 12, 67-103.
Cullen, J. (1967). Lavatera L. In P. H. Davis (Ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol. 2. (pp. 408-410). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
Uzunhisarcıklı, M. E. (2012). Lavatera L. In A., Güner, S., Aslan, T., Ekim, M., Vural, & M. T., Babaç (Eds.), Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler) (pp. 620). İstanbul: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmaları Derneği Yayını.
Bates, D. M. (1968). Generic relationships in the Malvaceae, tribe Malveae. Gentes Herbarum, 10, 117-135.
Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species Plantarum. Holmiae [Stockholm]: Impensis Laurentii Salvii.
De Candolle, A. P. (1824). Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis. Paris: Treuttel & Wurtz.
Baker, W. R. (1890). Synopsis of genera and species of Malveae. Journal of Botany, 28, 140-145, 207-213, 239-243, 339-343, 367-371.
Ray, M. F. (1995). Systematics of Lavatera and Malva (Malvaceae: Malveae)-a new perspective. Plant Systematics and Evolution, 198, 29-53.
Tate, J. A., Fuertes Aguilar, J., Wagstaff, S. J., La Duke, J. C., Bodo Slotta, T. A., & Simpson, B. B. (2005). Phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Malveae (Malvaceae, subfamily Malvoideae) as inferred from ITS sequence data. American Journal of Botany, 92, 584-602. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.92.4.584
Escobar García, P., Schönswetter, P., Fuertes Aguilar, J., Nieto Feliner, G., & Schneeweiss, G. M. (2009). Five molecular markers reveal extensive morphological homoplasy and reticulate evolution in the Malva alliance (Malvaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 50, 226-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.10.015
Banfi, E., Galasso, G., & Soldano, A. (2005). Notes on systematics and taxonomy for the Italian vascular flora, I. Atti della Società italiana di Scienze naturali e del Museo civico di Storia naturale di Milano, 146, 219-236.
Molero, J., & Montserrat, J. M. (2005). Nomenclatura de algunas especies del género Malva Linnaeus (Malvaceae). Fontqueria, 55(38), 285-292.
Molero, J., & Montserrat, J. M. (2006). Adiciones y enmiendas nomenclaturales en el género Malva L. (Malvaceae). Lagascalia, 26, 153-155.
El Naggar, S. M. I. (2001). Systematic implication of seed coat morphology in Malvaceae. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 4(1), 822-828. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2001.822.828
Esteves, G. L. (2004). Taxonomic characters of fruit and seed in brazilian species of Pavonia Cav. (Malvaceae). Hoehnea, 31(1), 87-92.
Ather, A., Abid, R., & Qasier, M. (2009). The seed atlas of Pakistan-II Grewioideae. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41(6), 2647-2656.
El-Kholy, M. A., Kasem, W. T., & Mabrouk, A. S. (2011). Taxonomic evaluation using pollen grain sculpture and seed coat characters of 11 taxa of genus Hibiscus (Malvaceae) in Egypt. Annals of Agriculture Science, 56, 9-15.
Abid, R., Ather, A., & Qaiser, M. (2016). Seed morphology and its taxonomic significance in the family Malvaceae. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 48(6), 2307-2341.
Fawzi, N. M. (2018). Seed morphology and its implication in classification of some selected species of genus Corchorus L. (Malvaceae). Middle East Journal of Agriculture Research, 7(1), 1-11.
Van der Pluym, A., & Hideux, M. (1997). Applications d’une methodologie quantitative a la palynologie d’Eryngium maritimum (Umbelliferae). Plant Systematics and Evolution, 127, 55-85. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00984142
Barthlott, W. (1981). Epidermal and seed surface characters of plants: systematic applicability and some evolutionary aspects. Nordic Journal of Botany, 1(3), 345-355. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1756-1051.1981.tb00704.x
Ahmed, R. & Qaiser, M. (1989). Seed morphological studies of some common plants of Karachi. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 21(2), 218-246.
Kirkbride, J. H., Gunn, C. R., & Dawllwitz, M. J. (2006). Family guide for fruit & seeds, vers. 1.0. Retrieved from http://nt.ars grin.gov/SeedsFruits/keys/frsdfam/Index.cfm