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Journals / International Journal of Secondary Metabolite / 2026 / Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Response surface-based optimization of antioxidant-rich extracts from Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. via microwave-assisted extraction

Raısadıba Putrı Bovanı(IPB University)0009-0003-0588-2786
Laksmi Ambarsari(IPB University)0000-0001-8981-792X
Waras Nurcholis(IPB University)0000-0001-7047-5093
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-06-09
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These findings confirm that MAE, in combination with RSM, provides a robust and efficient approach for extracting bioactive compounds from O. aristatus, establishing a solid foundation for scaling up applications in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and functional food industries.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:This study aimed to optimize the extraction of total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity from Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. leaves using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken Design.
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Key Findings & Data:The optimal extraction conditions—3.465 minutes extraction time, 60% ethanol concentration, and a 1:20 solid–liquid ratio—produced high levels of TPC and antioxidant activities.
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Conclusion & Impact:These findings confirm that MAE, in combination with RSM, provides a robust and efficient approach for extracting bioactive compounds from O. aristatus, establishing a solid foundation for scaling up applications in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and functional food industries.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Orthosiphon aristatus · Microwave-assisted extraction · Response surface methodology

Abstract

This study aimed to optimize the extraction of total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity from Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. leaves using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken Design. The optimization considered three independent variables: extraction time, ethanol concentration, and solid-liquid ratio. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using four different assays: DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC. The optimal extraction conditions—3.465 minutes extraction time, 60% ethanol concentration, and a 1:20 solid–liquid ratio—produced high levels of TPC and antioxidant activities. The optimization model exhibited strong predictive accuracy, yielding a desirability score of 0.81 and minimal deviation between predicted and experimental values. These findings confirm that MAE, in combination with RSM, provides a robust and efficient approach for extracting bioactive compounds from O. aristatus, establishing a solid foundation for scaling up applications in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and functional food industries.

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Cite This Article

Bovanı, R. P., Ambarsari, L., Nurcholis, W. (2026). Response surface-based optimization of antioxidant-rich extracts from Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. via microwave-assisted extraction. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, Volume: 13 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1674903

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