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Journals / International Journal of Secondary Metabolite / 2026 / Volume: 13 Issue: 2

Determination of volatile compounds and antioxidant properties of summer linden (Tilia platyphyllos Scop.) at different harvesting times

Ebru Hatice Tığlı Kaytanlıoğlu(ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-9165-6675
Süleyman Mert Günal(ISPARTA UYGULAMALI BİLİMLER ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ, ORMAN MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, ORMAN MÜHENDİSLİĞİ PR.)0009-0008-8992-2082
Hüseyin Fakir(ISPARTA UYGULAMALI BİLİMLER ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ORMAN FAKÜLTESİ, ORMAN MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ, ORMAN MÜHENDİSLİĞİ PR.)0000-0002-6606-8011
Pages
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Publication Date
2026-03-09
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

These findings indicate that T. platyphyllos demonstrates phenologically dependent biochemical compositions, and the post-flowering stage represents the most suitable harvest time in terms of medicinal and pharmacological potential.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:This study aimed to determine the volatile compound profile and antioxidant activity levels of Tilia platyphyllos Scop., which naturally grows in the Sindel Plateau of Şarkikaraağaç district, Isparta province, during the 2022 vegetation period.
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Key Findings & Data:A total of 54 compounds were identified in the pre-flowering stage, 42 during the flowering stage, and 51 in the post-flowering stage.
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Conclusion & Impact:These findings indicate that T. platyphyllos demonstrates phenologically dependent biochemical compositions, and the post-flowering stage represents the most suitable harvest time in terms of medicinal and pharmacological potential.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:2022 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Tilia · antioxidant · volatile compounds

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the volatile compound profile and antioxidant activity levels of Tilia platyphyllos Scop., which naturally grows in the Sindel Plateau of Şarkikaraağaç district, Isparta province, during the 2022 vegetation period. Plant samples were collected during three distinct phenological stages (pre-flowering–June, flowering–July, and post-flowering–September). Volatile compound analyses were conducted using Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and compound identification was performed using the Wiley, NIST Tutor, and FFNSC libraries. A total of 54 compounds were identified in the pre-flowering stage, 42 during the flowering stage, and 51 in the post-flowering stage. Hexane was the dominant compound across all three stages, while Allyl bromide and Carvacrol appeared at varying concentrations. Notably, Carvacrol reached a concentration of 10.27% in the post-flowering stage, indicating increased biosynthesis during this period. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH and CUPRAC assays, revealing significant variations in phenolic content and antioxidant capacity across the phenological stages. The post-flowering stage exhibited the highest values in both total phenolic content and CUPRAC activity. These findings indicate that T. platyphyllos demonstrates phenologically dependent biochemical compositions, and the post-flowering stage represents the most suitable harvest time in terms of medicinal and pharmacological potential.

Özet

This study aimed to determine the volatile compound profile and antioxidant activity levels of Tilia platyphyllos Scop., which naturally grows in the Sindel Plateau of Şarkikaraağaç district, Isparta province, during the 2022 vegetation period. Plant samples were collected during three distinct phenological stages (pre-flowering–June, flowering–July, and post-flowering–September). Volatile compound analyses were conducted using Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and compound identification was performed using the Wiley, NIST Tutor, and FFNSC libraries. A total of 54 compounds were identified in the pre-flowering stage, 42 during the flowering stage, and 51 in the post-flowering stage. Hexane was the dominant compound across all three stages, while Allyl bromide and Carvacrol appeared at varying concentrations. Notably, Carvacrol reached a concentration of 10.27% in the post-flowering stage, indicating increased biosynthesis during this period. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH and CUPRAC assays, revealing significant variations in phenolic content and antioxidant capacity across the phenological stages. The post-flowering stage exhibited the highest values in both total phenolic content and CUPRAC activity. These findings indicate that T. platyphyllos demonstrates phenologically dependent biochemical compositions, and the post-flowering stage represents the most suitable harvest time in terms of medicinal and pharmacological potential.

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Cite This Article

Kaytanlıoğlu, E. H. T., Günal, S. M., Fakir, H. (2026). Determination of volatile compounds and antioxidant properties of summer linden (Tilia platyphyllos Scop.) at different harvesting times. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, Volume: 13 Issue: 2. https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.1683056

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