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Journals / Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji / 2026 / Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2

Experimental Evaluation of Surface Roughness and Cutting Forces in Turning of 1.2379 Tool Steel: Role of Cutting Parameters and Tool Nose Radius

1.2379 Takım Çeliğinin Tornalanmasında Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü ve Kesme Kuvvetlerinin Deneysel Değerlendirilmesi: Kesme Parametreleri ve Takım Uç Radyüsünün Rolü

Hakan Yurtkuran(YOZGAT BOZOK ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-2375-7316
Pages
851–864
Publication Date
2026-06-30
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The results showed that feed rate plays a leading role in determining surface roughness, while cutting speed has a secondary influence and depth of cut remains limited in effect.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Machining performance in turning is governed by both cutting conditions and tool geometry.
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Key Findings & Data:This study focuses on how cutting parameters and tool nose radius influence surface roughness and cutting forces during the machining of 1.2379 (X153CrMoV12) cold work tool steel.
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Conclusion & Impact:The results showed that feed rate plays a leading role in determining surface roughness, while cutting speed has a secondary influence and depth of cut remains limited in effect.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Tornalama · Kesme kuvveti · Yüzey pürüzlülüğü

Abstract

Machining performance in turning is governed by both cutting conditions and tool geometry. This study focuses on how cutting parameters and tool nose radius influence surface roughness and cutting forces during the machining of 1.2379 (X153CrMoV12) cold work tool steel. Two tool cutting-edge nose radius values of 0.2 mm and 0.8 mm were considered under different combinations of feed rate, cutting speed, and depth of cut. Surface roughness and cutting force data obtained from the experiments were analyzed using statistical and graphical approaches, including response surface evaluation and variance analysis. The results showed that feed rate plays a leading role in determining surface roughness, while cutting speed has a secondary influence and depth of cut remains limited in effect. Regarding the cutting forces, both feed rate and depth of cut contributed significantly, whereas cutting speed had a relatively minor impact. Similar trends were observed for both tool nose radius. Although a larger radius resulted in slightly higher cutting forces, its overall influence on machining performance was not pronounced. The findings indicate that machining behavior is predominantly controlled by cutting parameters rather than tool geometry, and appropriate parameter selection is essential for achieving improved surface quality and efficient cutting performance.

Özet

Tornalama işlemlerinde kesme parametreleri ve takım geometrisi işleme performansını belirlemede kritik bir role sahiptir. Bu çalışmada 1.2379 (X153CrMoV12) soğuk işleme takım çeliğin tornalanması sırasında kesme parametreleri ve takım ucu yarıçapının yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve kesme kuvvetleri sonuçları deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Deneyler çeşitli işleme koşulları altında iki farklı takım ucu yarıçapı (0,2 mm ve 0,8 mm) kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her takım ucu yarıçapı için ilerleme miktarı, kesme hızı ve kesme derinliğinin farklı kombinasyonları dikkate alınarak toplam sekiz deney yapılmıştır. Elde edilen yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve kesme kuvveti değerleri işleme parametrelerinin etkisini değerlendirmek için ana etki grafikleri, yanıt yüzey grafikleri ve varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar ilerleme hızının yüzey pürüzlülüğünü etkileyen en etkili parametre olduğunu kesme hızının ikincil bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ve kesme derinliğinin sınırlı bir etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermiştir. Kesme kuvvetleri açısından hem ilerleme hızı hem de kesme derinliği kesme kuvvetlerini önemli ölçüde artırırken kesme hızı nispeten küçük bir etki göstermiştir. Takım ucu yarıçapları karşılaştırıldığında hem yüzey pürüzlülüğü hem de kesme kuvvetleri için benzer eğilimler gözlemlenmiştir. Daha büyük takım ucu yarıçapı ile biraz daha yüksek kesme kuvvetleri elde edilmesine rağmen takım ucu yarıçapının işleme performansı üzerindeki genel etkisinin sınırlı olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu bulgular işleme performansının öncelikle takım geometrisinden ziyade kesme parametreleri tarafından yönetildiğini ve optimum yüzey kalitesi ve kesme verimliliği elde etmek için uygun ilerleme hızı ve kesme hızının seçilmesinin şart olduğunu göstermektedir.

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Cite This Article

Yurtkuran, H. (2026). Experimental Evaluation of Surface Roughness and Cutting Forces in Turning of 1.2379 Tool Steel: Role of Cutting Parameters and Tool Nose Radius. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 851–864. https://doi.org/10.29109/gujsc.1918469

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