Journals / Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji / 2026 / Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2

The Effect of Zirconia Coating by the Sol-Gel Method on the Morphology and Corrosion Resistance of Ti-6Al-4V Alloys After Different Surface Treatments

Farklı Yüzey İşlemleri Sonrası Ti-6Al-4V Alaşımlarına Sol-Jel Yöntemi ile Zirkonya Kaplamanın Morfoloji ve Korozyon Direncine Etkisi

Elif Karasu(GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0009-0001-4317-0320
Elif Üstün(GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0009-0007-3792-3801
Sevda Albayrak(KIRIKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-1504-8061
Canser Gül(MANİSA CELÂL BAYAR ÜNİVERSİTESİ, MÜHENDİSLİK FAKÜLTESİ, METALURJİ VE MALZEME MÜHENDİSLİĞİ BÖLÜMÜ)0000-0002-1339-936X
Hanifi Çinici(GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-6983-0772
Pages
693–601
Publication Date
2026-06-30
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The results demonstrated that surface preparation significantly affects coating thickness and corrosion resistance.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in biomedical applications due to their high mechanical strength, low density, and excellent biocompatibility.
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Key Findings & Data:In this study, zirconia (ZrO2) coatings were applied to Ti-6Al-4V alloy using the sol-gel method.
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Conclusion & Impact:The results demonstrated that surface preparation significantly affects coating thickness and corrosion resistance.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Ti-6Al-4V alaşımı · Zirkonya (ZrO2) kaplama · Sol-jel yöntemi

Abstract

Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in biomedical applications due to their high mechanical strength, low density, and excellent biocompatibility. However, surface modifications are necessary to enhance corrosion resistance and improve biocompatibility for long-term use. In this study, zirconia (ZrO2) coatings were applied to Ti-6Al-4V alloy using the sol-gel method. Prior to coating, the surface preparation of the samples was carried out using different processes. The samples were divided into three groups based on surface treatments: grinding, polishing, and chemical etching. The morphological structure, coating thickness, and corrosion resistance of the sol-gel coatings were examined in detail. The characterization of the coatings was performed using surface roughness measurements, SEM-EDS, XRD, and three-electrode corrosion tests. Corrosion tests were conducted in a simulated body fluid at 37°C and pH 7.4, and the results were evaluated. As a result of the study, the highest coating thickness was measured at 3.3 µm for the sample prepared with 500-grit sandpaper, while the lowest thickness was 1.6 µm for the polished sample. XRD analysis revealed that the dominant phase in the coating was tetragonal ZrO2, indicating a crystallized structure. In corrosion tests, uncoated Ti-6Al-4V alloy exhibited the highest corrosion rate, whereas the lowest corrosion rate was observed in the 500-grit sanded and coated sample, with an 80% reduction in corrosion rate. The results demonstrated that surface preparation significantly affects coating thickness and corrosion resistance.

Özet

Titanyum ve titanyum alaşımları, yüksek mekanik dayanımları, düşük yoğunlukları ve mükemmel biyouyumlulukları nedeniyle biyomedikal uygulamalarda yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ancak, uzun süreli kullanımlarda korozyon direncinin artırılması ve biyouyumluluğun iyileştirilmesi için yüzey modifikasyonları gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Ti-6Al-4V alaşımı üzerine sol-jel yöntemi ile zirkonya (ZrO2) kaplamalar uygulanmıştır. Kaplama öncesinde numunelerin yüzey hazırlıkları farklı işlemlerle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Numuneler, yüzey işlemleri açısından zımparalama, parlatma ve kimyasal dağlama gruplarına ayrılmıştır. Sol-jel yöntemi ile elde edilen kaplamaların morfolojik yapısı, kaplama kalınlığı ve korozyon direnci detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Kaplamaların karakterizasyonu yüzey pürüzlülük ölçümleri, SEM-EDS, XRD ve üç elektrotlu korozyon testleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Korozyon testleri, yapay vücut sıvısı ortamında 37°C sıcaklık ve 7,4 pH değerinde gerçekleştirilmiş olup elde edilen sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda kaplama kalınlığı açısından en yüksek değer 3,3 µm ile 500 grit zımpara kullanılan numunede ölçülürken, en düşük değer 1,6 µm ile parlatılmış numunede elde edilmiştir. XRD analizleri, kaplamada baskın olarak tetragonal ZrO2 fazının bulunduğunu ve yapının kristalize olduğunu göstermiştir. Korozyon testlerinde, kaplanmamış Ti-6Al-4V alaşımı en yüksek korozyon hızına sahipken, en düşük korozyon hızı %80 azalma ile 500 grit zımparalanmış ve kaplanmış numunede gözlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, yüzey hazırlama işlemlerinin kaplama kalınlığı ve korozyon direnci üzerinde doğrudan etkili olduğunu göstermiştir.

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Cite This Article

Karasu, E., Üstün, E., Albayrak, S., Gül, C., Çinici, H. (2026). The Effect of Zirconia Coating by the Sol-Gel Method on the Morphology and Corrosion Resistance of Ti-6Al-4V Alloys After Different Surface Treatments. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi Part C: Tasarım ve Teknoloji, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2, 693–601. https://doi.org/10.29109/gujsc.1784787

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