Journals / Çukurova Anestezi ve Cerrahi Bilimler Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3

Association Between Plasma Osmolality and Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Perkütan Koroner Girişim Uygulanan Akut Koroner Sendromlu Hastalarda Plazma Osmolalitesi ile Kontrast İlişkili Nefropati Arasındaki İlişki

Rabia Eker Akilli(ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-4922-6556
Onur Sinan Deveci(ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-8427-4097
Ali Deniz(ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-5539-2863
Ömer Tepe(Osmaniye Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi)0000-0002-6734-7311
Pages
964–978
Publication Date
2026-09-30
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

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⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Keywords: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Acute Kidney Injury; Contrast Media; Osmolar Concentration.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Objective: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a clinically relevant complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), particularly in acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
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Key Findings & Data:Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included 542 patients with ACS who underwent coronary angiography and PCI between January 2016 and December 2017.
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Conclusion & Impact:Keywords: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Acute Kidney Injury; Contrast Media; Osmolar Concentration.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:2016 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Akut Koroner Sendrom · Perkütan Koroner Girişim · akut Böbrek Hasarı

Abstract

Objective: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a clinically relevant complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), particularly in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Calculated plasma osmolality (PO), derived from routine laboratory measurements, may reflect fluid and solute disturbances associated with renal vulnerability. This study evaluated the relationship between admission PO and CIN in patients with ACS undergoing PCI. Methods: This retrospective, single-center study included 542 patients with ACS who underwent coronary angiography and PCI between January 2016 and December 2017. The cohort comprised 81 patients with unstable angina pectoris, 288 with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and 173 with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. PO was calculated from admission sodium, glucose, and blood urea nitrogen levels. CIN was defined as an absolute increase of ≥0.5 mg/dL or a relative increase of ≥25% in serum creatinine within 72 hours after contrast exposure. Associated factors were examined using multivariable logistic regression. Results: CIN developed in 62 patients (11.4%). Admission PO was higher among patients who developed CIN than among those who did not (295.4 [290.9–302.3] vs. 287.7 [283.4–292.6] mOsm/kg H₂O, p<0.001). Patients with CIN were older and had higher potassium, baseline creatinine, and red cell distribution width, together with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). In the adjusted model, PO remained independently associated with CIN (OR: 1.070; 95% CI: 1.030–1.111; p=0.001). Potassium, baseline creatinine, and red cell distribution width were also independently associated with CIN, whereas LVEF showed an inverse association. Conclusions: Higher calculated admission PO was independently associated with CIN in patients with ACS undergoing PCI. This readily available parameter may contribute to renal risk assessment, although prospective studies are needed to establish its clinical utility and relevant thresholds. Keywords: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Acute Kidney Injury; Contrast Media; Osmolar Concentration.

Özet

**Amaç:** Kontrast ilişkili nefropati (KİN), özellikle akut koroner sendromlu (AKS) hastalarda perkütan koroner girişimin (PKG) klinik açıdan önemli bir komplikasyonudur. Rutin laboratuvar ölçümlerinden hesaplanan plazma osmolalitesi (PO), böbreğin hasara yatkınlığıyla ilişkili sıvı ve solüt dengesindeki bozuklukları yansıtabilir. Bu çalışmada, PKG uygulanan AKS hastalarında başvuru sırasındaki PO ile KİN arasındaki ilişki değerlendirildi. **Yöntemler:** Bu retrospektif, tek merkezli çalışmaya Ocak 2016 ile Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında koroner anjiyografi ve PKG uygulanan 542 AKS hastası dahil edildi. Çalışma kohortu kararsız anjina pektorisli 81, ST-segment yükselmesiz miyokard enfarktüslü 288 ve ST-segment yükselmeli miyokard enfarktüslü 173 hastadan oluşuyordu. PO, başvuru sırasında ölçülen sodyum, glukoz ve kan üre azotu düzeyleri kullanılarak hesaplandı. KİN, kontrast madde uygulamasından sonraki 72 saat içinde serum kreatinin düzeyinde ≥0,5 mg/dL mutlak veya ≥%25 göreceli artış olarak tanımlandı. İlişkili faktörler çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon analiziyle incelendi. **Bulgular:** Altmış iki hastada (%11,4) KİN gelişti. Başvuru sırasındaki PO, KİN gelişen hastalarda gelişmeyenlere göre daha yüksekti (295,4 [290,9–302,3] ve 287,7 [283,4–292,6] mOsm/kg H₂O; *p*<0,001). KİN gelişen hastalar daha ileri yaştaydı; potasyum, başlangıç kreatinin ve eritrosit dağılım genişliği değerleri daha yüksek, tahmini glomerüler filtrasyon hızı (GFR)ve sol ventrikül ejeksiyon fraksiyonu (LVEF) ise daha düşüktü. Düzeltilmiş modelde PO, KİN ile bağımsız olarak ilişkili kalmaya devam etti (OR: 1,070; %95 GA: 1,030–1,111; *p*=0,001). Potasyum, başlangıç kreatinin düzeyi ve eritrosit dağılım genişliği de KİN ile bağımsız olarak ilişkiliyken LVEF ile KİN arasında ters yönlü bir ilişki saptandı. **Sonuç:** PKG uygulanan AKS hastalarında, başvuru sırasında hesaplanan yüksek PO değeri KİN ile bağımsız olarak ilişkiliydi. Kolaylıkla hesaplanabilen bu parametre, renal risk değerlendirmesine katkı sağlayabilir; ancak klinik yararının ve ilgili eşik değerlerin belirlenmesi için prospektif çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır. **Anahtar kelimeler:** Akut Koroner Sendrom; Perkütan Koroner Girişim; Akut Böbrek Hasarı; Kontrast Maddeler; Osmolar Konsantrasyon.

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Cite This Article

Akilli, R. E., Çağlayan, Ç. E., Özmen, Ç., Deveci, O. S., Deniz, A., Tepe, Ö. (2026). Association Between Plasma Osmolality and Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Çukurova Anestezi ve Cerrahi Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 964–978. https://doi.org/10.36516/jocass.2024503

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