Journals / Akademik Gıda / 2026 / Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3

Effects of Ultrasonication Time on Chlorophyll-a and Phycocyanin Pigment Extraction from Spirulina platensis

Spirulina’dan (Spirulina platensis) Klorofil-a ve Fikosiyanin Pigment Ekstraksiyonuna Ultrasonikasyon Süresinin Etkisi

Pages
307–312
Publication Date
2018-10-29
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In conclusion, prior to solvent extraction, 30 minute sonication process is recommended for chlorophyll-a while 45 minute process for phycocyanin.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Interest on microalgae has increased in food, pharmacy and cosmetic industries because of their high nutrient contents such as proteins, essential oils, vitamins and pigments.
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Key Findings & Data:Phycocyanin and chlorophyll, which are responsible for blue and green pigments in Spirulina, are used as colorants in foods such as dairy products, chewing gums and jellies, and pharmacy.
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Conclusion & Impact:In conclusion, prior to solvent extraction, 30 minute sonication process is recommended for chlorophyll-a while 45 minute process for phycocyanin.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Spirulina platensis · Ultrasonikasyon · Klorofil-a

Abstract

Interest on microalgae has increased in food, pharmacy and cosmetic industries because of their high nutrient contents such as proteins, essential oils, vitamins and pigments. Phycocyanin and chlorophyll, which are responsible for blue and green pigments in Spirulina, are used as colorants in foods such as dairy products, chewing gums and jellies, and pharmacy. For pigment extraction from Spirulina, various methods are used such as solvent extraction, supercritical solvent, freezing/thawing, sonication and enzymation. In this study, the effect of ultrasonication process time on the extraction of phycocyanin and chlorophyll-a prior to the application of solvent extraction with methanol and aqueous sodium nitrate solution (1.5% NaNO 3 ), and the antioxidant activity (FRAP, Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma) of extracts were determined. Ultrasonication for 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, and 60 minutes were applied prior to methanol and NaNO 3 solvent extraction for 120 minutes at room temperature. Chlorophyll-a concentration with 6.75 mg/g dry spirulina for control sample increased to 7.70 mg/g dry spirulina by 30 minute sonication process, and it remained constant at further sonication times. Moreover, phycocyanin concentration with 34.52 mg/g dry spirulina for control sample increased to 51.83 mg/g dry spirulina up to 45 minute sonication process and remained constant at further sonication. Antioxidant activity of chlorophyll-a and phycocyanin were 15.74 mg/g and 11.98 mg/g, respectively for 60 minutes sonic application followed by solvent extraction. In conclusion, prior to solvent extraction, 30 minute sonication process is recommended for chlorophyll-a while 45 minute process for phycocyanin.

Özet

Mikroalglere olan ilgi protein, elzem yağ asitleri, vitaminler ve pigmentler gibi besinsel bileşenler yönünden oldukça zengin olmaları nedeniyle giderek artmaktadır. Spirulina platensis ’in rengi mavi fikosiyanin ve yeşil klorofil pigmentlerinden ileri gelmekte olup bu pigmentler süt ürünleri, jöle ve sakız gibi gıda ürünleri ile eczacılıkta renklendirici olarak kullanılabilmektedir. Spirulinadan pigment ekstraksiyonunda çözgenlerle ekstraksiyon, süperkritik akışkan, dondurma/çözdürme, sonikasyon ve enzimasyon gibi farklı yöntemler kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada farklı sürelerde ultrasonikasyon uygulamasının (1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45 ve 60 dakika) metanol ve sulu sodyum nitrat çözeltisiyle (%1.5 NaNO 3 ) klorofil-a ve fikosiyanin ekstraksiyonuna ve elde edilen pigmentlerin antioksidan aktivitesine (FRAP: Ferrik İndirgeme Antioksidan Potansiyel) etkisi incelenmiştir. Ultrasonikasyon sonrası metanol ve sodyum nitratla çözgen ekstraksiyonu 120 dakika boyunca manyetik karıştırıcıyla ortam sıcaklığında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Klorofil-a derişimi kontrol örneğinde 6.75 mg/g kuru spirulina olarak bulunurken; sonikasyon uygulama süresiyle artarak 30. dakikada 7.70 mg/g kuru spirulina derişime ulaşmış ve sonrasında sabit kalmıştır. Kontrol örneğinin fikosiyanin derişimi 34.52 mg/g spirulina bulunurken, sonikasyon uygulama süresiyle artarak 45. dakikada 51.83 mg/g kuru spirulina derişime ulaşmış ve sonrasında sabit kalmıştır. En yüksek antioksidan aktivite 60 dakika sonikasyon ardından çözgen ekstraksiyonda elde edilmiş ve klorofil-a ile fikosiyanin için sırasıyla 15.74 mg/g ve 11.98 mg/g olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak klorofil-a metanol ekstraksiyonu öncesi 30 dakika ultrasonikasyon, fikosiyanin sodyum nitrat ekstrasiyonu öncesi 45 dakika ultrasonikasyon işlem süreleri önerilebilir.

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Cite This Article

Aksay, S., Arslan, R. (2018). Effects of Ultrasonication Time on Chlorophyll-a and Phycocyanin Pigment Extraction from Spirulina platensis. Akademik Gıda, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3, 307–312. https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.475362

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