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Journals / Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4

The Composite Microbeads of Alginate, Carrageenan, Gelatin, and Poly-(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid): Swelling, Cefaclor Loading and Release

Aljinat, Karragenan, Jelatin ve Poli-(Laktik-ko-Glikolik Asit) Kompozit Mikroboncukları: Şişme, Sefaklor Yükleme ve Salınımı

Buse Semerci Arıkan(MALATYA TURGUT ÖZAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-7899-1073
Demet Baybaş(SİVAS CUMHURİYET ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-7712-754X
Pages
738–756
Publication Date
2025-08-04
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The selected data fit the first-order release kinetics and the Korsmeyer Peppas and Higuchi drug release models.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Composite microbeads were synthesized as a combination of two, three, or four of the following components: alginate(A), carrageenan(C), gelatin(G), and/or poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)(P).
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Key Findings & Data:The maximum swelling comparison of the hydrogel composites is A(981%)>AP(747%)>ACGP(641%)>ACG(618%)>ACP(464%)>AC(442%)>AGP(295%)>AG(157%).
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Conclusion & Impact:The selected data fit the first-order release kinetics and the Korsmeyer Peppas and Higuchi drug release models.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:sefaklor salınımı · aljinat · karragenan

Abstract

Composite microbeads were synthesized as a combination of two, three, or four of the following components: alginate(A), carrageenan(C), gelatin(G), and/or poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)(P). Herein, Cefaclor(Cef) was investigated as a model drug to study the usability of the beads in drug delivery. The composite microspheres with medication and drug-free were synthesized under different conditions. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of these composites were compared. The effects of synthesis conditions such as component amounts, cross-linker ion amounts on swelling, entrapment efficiency, and release kinetics of materials were examined. The maximum swelling comparison of the hydrogel composites is A(981%)>AP(747%)>ACGP(641%)>ACG(618%)>ACP(464%)>AC(442%)>AGP(295%)>AG(157%). Adding PLGA to the alginate sphere reduces the swelling contrast adding PLGA to the composite beads containing other components increases the swelling %. As the amount of PLGA added to the ACP spheres increases, the swelling decreases. The maximum entrapment efficiency of cefaclor in micro-composites is ACP(93%)>AC(76%)>AP(66%)>ACG=AGP(46%)>AG(40%)>ACGP(39%)>A(36%). All release experiments were carried out in simulated gastric fluid without enzyme at body temperature, with new solutions in a shaking medium. The release of cefaclor from the composite beads did not generally show a burst effect. The selected data fit the first-order release kinetics and the Korsmeyer Peppas and Higuchi drug release models.

Özet

Kompozit mikroboncuklar, aşağıdaki bileşenlerden ikisinin, üçünün veya dördünün bir kombinasyonu olarak sentezlendi: aljinat (A), karragenan (C), jelatin (G) ve/veya poli (laktik-ko-glikolik asit) (P). Burada, ilaç salınımında boncukların kullanılabilirliğini incelemek için model ilaç olarak Sefaklor (Cef) araştırıldı. İlaçlı ve ilaçsız kompozit mikroküreler farklı koşullar altında sentezlendi. Bu kompozitlerin Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızılötesi (FTIR) spektrumları karşılaştırıldı. Bileşen miktarları, çapraz bağlayıcı iyon miktarları gibi sentez koşullarının şişme, tutulma verimliliği ve malzemelerin salım kinetiği üzerindeki etkileri incelendi. Hidrojel kompozitlerinin maksimum şişme karşılaştırması A(981%)>AP(747%)>ACGP(641%)>ACG(618%)>ACP(464%)>AC(442%)>AGP(295%)>AG(157%) şeklindedir. Aljinat küresine PLGA eklenmesi şişme kontrastını azaltırken, diğer bileşenleri içeren kompozit boncuklara PLGA eklenmesi şişme %'sini artırır. ACP kürelerine eklenen PLGA miktarı arttıkça şişme azalır. Sefaklorun mikro kompozitlerdeki maksimum tutulma etkinliği ACP(93%)>AC(76%)>AP(66%)>ACG=AGP(46%)>AG(40%)>ACGP(39%)>A(36%)'dır. Tüm salım deneyleri, çalkalama ortamında yeni çözeltilerle, vücut sıcaklığında enzimsiz simüle edilmiş mide sıvısında gerçekleştirildi. Sefaklorun kompozit boncuklardan salımında genellikle bir patlama etkisi görülmedi. Seçilen veriler birinci dereceden salım kinetiğine ve Korsmeyer Peppas ve Higuchi ilaç salım modellerine uymaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Arıkan, B. S., Baybaş, D. (2025). The Composite Microbeads of Alginate, Carrageenan, Gelatin, and Poly-(Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid): Swelling, Cefaclor Loading and Release. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 738–756. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1560061

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