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Journals / Adli Tıp Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2

Toilet-Related Deaths

Tuvaletle İlişkili Ölümler

Mehmet Cavlak(Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye)
M Feyzi Şahin(Morgue Department, Council of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Istanbul, Turkiye)
M Şerif Yıldırım(Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye)
Aykut Lale(Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye)
Feyzullah Erdem(Morgue Department, Council of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, Istanbul, Turkiye)
Aysun Balseven Odabaşı(Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye)
Pages
135–142
Publication Date
2016-08-31
DOI
—
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

RESULTS: According to the results the most frequent cause of death is cardiovascular diseases 34.2% .

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:OBJECTIVE: Toilets are specialized places that people regularly spend time in daily life.
📊
Key Findings & Data:METHODS: In this research autopsy data of 73 0.6% which are determined as toilet-related death cases applied to the Council of Forensic Medicine Istanbul between 2009-2011 are evaluated.
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Conclusion & Impact:RESULTS: According to the results the most frequent cause of death is cardiovascular diseases 34.2% .
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2009-2011 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Tuvaletle ilişkili ölümler · Valsalva manevrası · ölüm mekanizması

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Toilets are specialized places that people regularly spend time in daily life. It is thought that toilet-related deaths have specific features related to such as cause of death or manner of death because of they are out of sight of other people. Threeyear archive data of forensic autopsies in Istanbul was analyzed to understand if it is true or not. METHODS: In this research autopsy data of 73 0.6% which are determined as toilet-related death cases applied to the Council of Forensic Medicine Istanbul between 2009-2011 are evaluated. RESULTS: According to the results the most frequent cause of death is cardiovascular diseases 34.2% . Death was due to drug intoxication in 10 cases and hanging in 6 cases. The event mostly occurred in house toilets 41.4% or public toilets 41.4% . CONCLUSION: Cardiovascular diseases and drug intoxication should be kept in mind in toilet-related deaths while no signs of trauma was found. It is thought that usage of Turkish type toilets widely present in our country has unique features about affecting mechanisms. That’s why studies in our country about toilet-related deaths and lethal events at the toilets are necessary.

Özet

AMAÇ: Tuvaletler insanların günlük yaşamında, düzenli olarak zaman geçirdiği özelleşmiş mekanlardır. Tuvaletle ilişkili ölümlerin ölüm sürecinin, diğer kişilerin görme ve/veya duyma alanının dışında gerçekleşmesinden dolayı ölüm sebebi ve ölüm orijini gibi özellikler bakımından kendine özgü özelliklerinin olduğu düşünülmüştür. Bunun doğruluğunu araştırmak amacıyla İstanbul’da 3 yılda yapılan adli otopsilerin arşiv bilgileri incelenmiştir. YÖNTEM: Bu araştırmada Adli Tıp Kurumu’nda İstanbul 2009- 2011 yılları arasında yapılan adli otopsilerden tuvaletle ilişkili olduğu tespit edilen 73 %0,6 ölüm olgusunun otopsi verileri çalışma kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. BULGULAR: Ortaya çıkan sonuçlara göre en sık ölüm sebebi kardiyovasküler hastalıklardır %34,2 . On ölüm olgusunda ölümün uyuşturucu madde zehirlenmesi sonucunda, 6 olguda ise ası sonucunda meydana geldiği tespit edilmiştir. Olayın meydana geldiği yerin en sıklıkla ev tuvaleti %41,4 ve umumi tuvaletler %41,4 olduğu belirlenmiştir. SONUÇ: Tuvaletle ilişkili ölümlerde travmanın olmadığı durumlarda kalp damar hastalıkları ve uyuşturucu veya uyarıcı madde zehirlenmeleri ön planda düşünülmelidir. Ülkemizde yaygın olarak bulunan alaturka tuvalet kullanımının etki mekanizması açısından kendine özgü özellikleri olduğu düşünüldüğünden, ülkemizde tuvalet ölümleri veya tuvalette meydana gelen süreç kardiyovasküler olaylarla ilgili araştırmalara ihtiyaç olduğu düşünülmektedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Cavlak, M., Şahin, M. F., Yıldırım, M. Ş., Lale, A., Erdem, F., Odabaşı, A. B. (2016). Toilet-Related Deaths. Adli Tıp Dergisi, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2, 135–142. https://ajindex.com/articles/1352610

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  23. Culic V. Triggering of cardiovascular incidents by micturi- tion and defecation. Int J Cardiol 2006;109 2:277-9.
  24. Hayashi S, Toyoshima H, Tanabe N, Satoh T, Miyanishi K, Seki N, Aizaki T, Aizawa Y, Izumi T, Shibata A. Activity imme- diately before the onset of non-fatal myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. Jpn Circ J 1996;60 12:947-53.
  25. Kollef MH, Schachter DT. Acute pulmonary embolism trig- gered by the act of defecation. Chest 1991;99 2:373-6.
  26. Yamada N, Nakamura M, Ishikura K, Ota M, Yazu T, Ota S, Ito M, Fujioka H, Isaka N, Nakano T. Triggers of acute pulmonary thromboembolism developed in hospital, with focusing on toi- let activities as triggering acts. Int J Cardiol 2005;98 3:409-11.
  27. Mathis S, Godenéche G, Balabo I, Du Boisgueheneuc F, Neau J. Internal carotid artery dissection triggered by the act of defecation. The Internet Journal of Neurology 2009;11 2:12.
  28. Song IU, Kim JS, Kim YI, Lee KS. Bilateral subcortical bor- der-zone infarction following episodes of prolonged defeca- tion syncope. J ClinNeurosci 2009;16 2:346-7.
  29. Straus SM, Bleumink GS, Dieleman JP, J. van der Lie, Stricker BH, Sturkenboom MC. The incidence of sudden cardiac death in the general population. J ClinEpidemiol;57 1:98-102.
  30. Sikirov BA. Cardio-vascular events at defecation: are they unavoidable? Med Hypotheses 1990;32 3:231-3.
  31. Culic V, Eterovic D, Miric D, Rumboldt Z, Hozo I. Gender differences in triggering of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2000;85 6:753-6.
  32. Chakrabarti SD, Ganguly R, Chatterjee SK, Chakravarty A. Is squatting a triggering factor for stroke in Indians? Acta Neurol Scand 2002;105 2:124-7.
  33. Pepine CJ, Wiener L. Effects of the Valsalva maneuver on myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation 1979;59 6:1304-11.
  34. Kapoor WN, Peterson J, Karpf M. Defecation synco- pe. A symptom with multiple etiologies. Arch Intern Med;146 12:2377-9.
  35. Mathias CJ, Deguchi K, Schatz I. Observations on re- current syncope and presyncope in 641 patients. Lancet;357 9253:348-53.
  36. Haykowsky MJ, Eves ND, Warburton RDE, Findlay MJ. Resistance exercise, the Valsalva maneuver, and cere- brovascular transmural pressure. Med Sci Sports Exerc;35 1:65-8.
  37. Siegel S, Hinson RE, Krank MD, McCully J. Heroin “over- dose” death: contribution of drug-associated environmental cues. Science 1982;216 4544:436-7.
  38. Gerevich J, Bacskai E, Kurimay T. Conditioned hero- in ‘overdose’ death in a public toilet. Aust N Z J Psychiatry;38 11-12:975.
  39. Büyük Y, Üzün İ, Koçak U, Özer E. Sudden death of a health worker due to pethidine abuse: a case report. J For Med 2005;19 1:33-6.
  40. Bozdağ Z, Şamdancı ET, Şahin N, Aydın NE, Sayın S. Pethi- dine related sudden death. J For Med 2013;27 1:76-80.
  41. Erkol Z, Büken B, Yılmaz R, Erkol H. Prison deaths in Kahramanmaraş city. J For Med 2006;20 3:18-23.
  42. Gören S, Tıraşçı Y, Üzün İ. The retrospective evaluation of deaths in bathroom. J For Med 2005;19 1:29-32.