Journals / Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory / 2025 / Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4

The Impact of Systemic Inflammation and Nutritional Indicators on Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma Receiving First-Line Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy

Birinci Basamak Tirozin Kinaz İnhibitörü Alan Metastatik Berrak Hücreli Renal Karsinom Hastalarında Sistemik İnflamasyon ve Beslenme Göstergelerinin Progresyonsuz Sağkalım Üzerine Etkisi

Galip Can Uyar(ANKARA ETLİK ŞEHİR HASTANESİ)0000-0002-0698-777X
Güner Akgüner(ANKARA ETLİK ŞEHİR HASTANESİ)0000-0001-6400-317X
Kadriye Başkurt(ANKARA ETLİK ŞEHİR HASTANESİ)0000-0002-6091-730X
Enes Yeşilbaş(ANKARA ETLİK ŞEHİR HASTANESİ)0000-0002-0947-702X
Seher Kaya(ANKARA ETLİK ŞEHİR HASTANESİ)0000-0001-5418-507X
Gökşen İnanç İmamoğlu(ANKARA ETLİK ŞEHİR HASTANESİ)0000-0003-0356-0727
Pages
605–614
Publication Date
2026-01-01
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Future prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled, and artificial intelligence–assisted studies are warranted to validate these findings and refine precision oncology approaches in this population.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:Background: Systemic inflammation and nutritional status are key determinants of prognosis in metastatic clear-cell renal carcinoma (mccRCC).
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Key Findings & Data:Composite indices such as the Systemic Immune–Inflammation Index (SII) and the Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) have demonstrated prognostic relevance across cancers, but real-world data in mccRCC remain limited.
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Conclusion & Impact:Future prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled, and artificial intelligence–assisted studies are warranted to validate these findings and refine precision oncology approaches in this population.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:2022 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Berrak hücreli metastatik renal karsinom · Enflamasyon · Prognoz

Abstract

Background: Systemic inflammation and nutritional status are key determinants of prognosis in metastatic clear-cell renal carcinoma (mccRCC). Composite indices such as the Systemic Immune–Inflammation Index (SII) and the Modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) have demonstrated prognostic relevance across cancers, but real-world data in mccRCC remain limited. Methods: This retrospective, single-center cohort included patients with histologically confirmed mccRCC who received first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy (sunitinib, pazopanib, or cabozantinib) between November 2022 and November 2024 at Etlik City Hospital (Ankara, Türkiye). Associations between inflammatory–nutritional indices (SII, mGPS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 55 patients met eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. The median age was 62 years (IQR 52–71), and 67% were male. Median PFS was 13.24 months (95% CI 7.75–19.12), while median OS was not reached. High SII (≥ 870) was independently associated with shorter PFS in multivariable analysis (OR 5.05; 95% CI 1.14–15.77; p = 0.039). mGPS (1–2) was significantly associated with inferior PFS in Kaplan–Meier analysis (HR 3.43; 95% CI 1.42–8.30; p = 0.006; log-rank p = 0.001), but lost significance in multivariable modeling. Metformin use (OR 0.12; 95% CI 0.02–0.93; p = 0.044), sunitinib therapy (OR 0.07; 95% CI 0.006–0.74; p = 0.027), and favorable/intermediate IMDC risk group (OR 0.17; 95% CI 0.06–0.96; p = 0.047) were independently associated with a lower progression risk. Patients treated with cabozantinib (n = 15) showed a numerically longer median PFS (18.6 months; 95% CI 13.8–23.3) compared with sunitinib (n = 25, 12.2 months; 95% CI 5.5–19.0) and pazopanib (n = 15, 12.1 months; 95% CI 6.7–17.5), although this difference was not statistically significant (log-rank p = 0.152). Conclusion: In this real-world cohort of patients with mccRCC treated with first-line TKI, host-related inflammatory and nutritional status were closely associated with progression-free survival. Additionally, patients classified within the favorable IMDC risk group exhibited a significantly lower risk of progression, highlighting the importance of integrating clinical risk stratification with systemic inflammatory and nutritional markers. Incorporating such easily measurable biomarkers and clinical risk scores into existing prognostic models may enhance individualized risk assessment and therapeutic decision-making. Future prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled, and artificial intelligence–assisted studies are warranted to validate these findings and refine precision oncology approaches in this population.

Özet

Amaç: Sistemik inflamasyon ve beslenme durumu, metastatik berrak hücreli renal karsinomda (mccRCC) prognozun önemli belirleyicilerindendir. Sistemik immün-inflamasyon indeksi (SII) ve modifiye Glasgow prognostik skoru (mGPS) gibi basit biyobelirteçlerin prognostik değeri çeşitli kanserlerde gösterilmiş olsa da mccRCC’de gerçek yaşam verileri sınırlıdır. Yöntem: Bu retrospektif tek merkezli kohorta, Kasım 2022–Kasım 2024 arasında Etlik Şehir Hastanesi’nde birinci basamak tirozin kinaz inhibitörü (TKI) monoterapisi (sunitinib, pazopanib veya kabozantinib) alan histolojik olarak doğrulanmış mccRCC hastaları dâhil edildi. İnflamatuvar ve nutrisyonel indeksler (SII, mGPS) ile progresyonsuz sağkalım (PFS) arasındaki ilişkiler Kaplan–Meier ve çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon analizleriyle değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Toplam 55 hasta analize dâhil edildi. Medyan yaş 62 (İAS 52–71) yıl olup, hastaların %67’si erkekti. Medyan PFS 13,24 ay (%95 GA 7,75–19,12) iken, medyan genel sağkalıma ulaşılamamıştır. Yüksek SII (≥870) çok değişkenli analiz sonucunda daha kısa PFS ile bağımsız olarak ilişkiliydi (OR 5,05; %95 GA 1,14–15,77; p=0,039). mGPS (1–2) Kaplan–Meier analizinde daha kısa PFS ile anlamlı şekilde ilişkiliydi (HR 3,43; %95 GA 1,42–8,30; p=0,006; log-rank p=0,001), ancak çok değişkenli modelde bağımsızlığını yitirdi. Metformin kullanımı (OR 0,12; %95 GA 0,02–0,93; p=0,044), sunitinib tedavisi (OR 0,07; %95 GA 0,006–0,74; p=0,027) ve IMDC düşük/orta risk grubu (OR 0,17; %95 GA 0,06–0,96; p=0,047) daha düşük progresyon riskiyle bağımsız olarak ilişkili bulundu. Cabozantinib (n=15) grubunda medyan PFS 18,6 ay (%95 GA 13,8–23,3) olup, sunitinib ve pazopanib gruplarına göre daha uzun gözlendi; ancak fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi (log-rank p=0,152). Sonuç: Birinci basamak tirozin kinaz inhibitörü tedavisi alan mccRCC hastalarından oluşan bu gerçek yaşam kohortunda, konakla ilişkili inflamatuvar ve beslenme durumu progresyonsuz sağkalımla yakından ilişkili bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, IMDC düşük risk grubundaki hastalarda progresyon riskinin belirgin şekilde daha düşük olması, klinik risk sınıflamasının bu biyobelirteçlerle birlikte değerlendirilmesinin prognostik doğruluğu artırabileceğini göstermektedir. Bu kolay erişilebilir biyobelirteçlerin ve klinik risk skorlarının mevcut prognostik modellerle bütünleştirilmesi, bireyselleştirilmiş risk değerlendirmesi ve tedavi planlamasını güçlendirebilir. Bulguların doğrulanması için prospektif, çok merkezli, randomize kontrollü ve yapay zekâ destekli çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

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Cite This Article

Uyar, G. C., Akgüner, G., Başkurt, K., Yeşilbaş, E., Kaya, S., İmamoğlu, G. İ. (2026). The Impact of Systemic Inflammation and Nutritional Indicators on Progression-Free Survival in Patients with Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma Receiving First-Line Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy. Turkish Journal of Clinics and Laboratory, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4, 605–614. https://doi.org/10.18663/tjcl.1822329

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